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篇一:《有关春节元宵节的资料》
有关春节的资料
春节又叫阴历年、农历新年、农历年、旧历年,俗称“过年、大年、过大年”。春节的历史很悠久,它起源于殷商时期年头岁尾的祭神祭祖活动。古时春节曾专指二十四节气中的立春,后来改为夏历正月初一(即农历正月初一),被视为农历年的开始,即为岁首。按照我国农历,正月初一古称元日、元辰、元正、元朔、元旦等,俗称年初一。这是我国民间最隆重、最热闹的一个传统节日。而传统意义上的春节,是从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月廿三、廿四的祭灶,直到正月十五日元宵节结束,有些地方甚至到整个正月,均以除夕和正月初一为高潮。
春节是汉族最重要的传统节日。在春节这一传统节日期间,人们举行各种庆祝活动,这些活动大多以祭祀神佛、祭奠祖先、除旧布新、迎禧接福、祈求丰年为主要内容。瑶、壮、白、高山、赫哲、哈尼、达斡尔、侗、黎、满、蒙古、等十几个少数民族也有过春节的习俗,只是过节的形式各具自己的民族特色。
春节是东亚许多国家和地区庆祝新年的主要节日。越南语称为“Tt Nguyên án”(节元旦)、日语称为“正月”(注:日本节日“正月”类似于中国的元旦也即1月1日。)(明治维新后改称旧正月)、。现在春节除了在中国、朝鲜半岛、越南、日本等地之外,在蒙古、老挝、缅甸、柬埔寨、泰国、新加坡、马来西亚、印度尼西亚等地也都是最重要的节日之一。 春节与清明节、端午节、中秋节并称为中国汉族的四大传统节日。“春节”一词已入选中国世界纪录协会中国最大的节日,位居中国四大传统节日之首。2006年5月20日,“春节”民俗经国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
据《尔雅》记载,尧舜时称年为“载”,夏代称年为“岁”,商代称年为“祀”,直到周代才称为“年”。
中国新年的日期,在各朝代并不相同。夏朝定在一月初一,商朝定在十二月初一,周朝定在十一月初一,秦朝定在十月初一。到西汉太初元年(公元前104年),汉武帝接受司马迁等人的建议使用《太初历》,恢复了夏历即农历,以正月为岁首,把二十四节气订入历法。后来历朝历代虽对历法有过修改,但基本上仍然以《太初历》为蓝本,以夏历的孟春正月为岁首,正月初一为元旦、元日,即新年的第一天。
新年习俗定型于汉代。经过战国和秦朝末年的社会大动荡后,西汉初期推行“休养生息”政策,社会生产得到了恢复和发展,社会秩序比较稳定,人们的生活情趣高涨,一系列节日习俗形成了。《太初历》推行后,历法长期稳定,正月初一作为新年的日期也因此得到确立。这样一来,原来各地区分别在冬末春初不同日子举行的酬神、祭祀和庆祝活动便逐渐统一在农历正月初一这一天进行。随着社会的发展,从汉朝到南北朝,正月初一过新年的习俗愈演愈烈,燃爆竹,换桃符,饮屠苏酒,守岁卜岁,游乐赏灯等活动都已出现,新年成为我国第一大节日。 元宵节
元宵节在中国已经有两千多年的历史,也称“元夕节”。按照中国古代的习惯,“元”指月亮正圆,一年之中有所谓“三元”——正月十五称为“上元”,七月十五称为“中元”,十月十五称为“下元”,故元宵节亦称为“上元节”;“宵”即夜也,所以元宵亦有一年之中第一个月圆之夜的意思。
根据考证,元宵节的来历,有说与祭祀“泰一神”有关。泰一神亦称“太乙神”,主宰人间的风雨、饥馑和瘟疫。据说,汉朝武帝曾久病不愈,求助太乙神后竟奇迹治愈,乃于元鼎5年(公元前122年)开始建太乙祠坛祭祀,每逢正月十五通宵达旦以盛大的灯火祭祀,从此便形成元宵节张灯结彩的习俗了。
元宵节期间,民间多吃元宵(汤圆)来应节,象征家人团圆。此外还有挂花灯、猜灯谜、迎紫姑、踩高跷、舞狮、舞龙等民间娱乐活动。流传至今,这一连串充满热闹欢乐的庆典活动称为“闹元宵”。
每年农历的正月十五日,春节刚过,迎来的就是中国的传统节日--元宵节。
正月是农历的元月,古人称夜为“宵”,所以称正月十五为元宵节。正月十五日是一年中第一个月圆之夜,也是一元复始,大地回春的夜晚,人们对此加以庆祝,也是庆贺新春的延续。元宵节又称为“上元节”。
按中国民间的传统,在这天上皓月高悬的夜晚,人们要点起彩灯万盏,以示庆贺。出门赏月、燃灯放焰、喜猜灯谜、共吃元宵,合家团聚、同庆佳节,其乐融融。
元宵节也称灯节,元宵燃灯的风俗起自汉朝,到了唐代,赏灯活动更加兴盛,皇宫里、街道上处处挂灯,还要建立高大的灯轮、灯楼和灯树,唐朝大诗人卢照邻曾在《十五夜观灯》中这样描述元宵节燃灯的盛况“接汉疑星落,依楼似月悬。”
宋代更重视元宵节,赏灯活动更加热闹,赏灯活动要进行5天,灯的样式也更丰富。明代要连续赏灯10天,这是中国最长的灯节了。清代赏灯活动虽然只有3天,但是赏灯活动规模很大,盛况空前,除燃灯之外,还放烟花助兴。
“猜灯谜”又叫“打灯谜”,是元宵节后增的一项活动,出现在宋朝。南宋时,首都临安每逢元宵节时制迷,猜谜的人众多。开始时是好事者把谜语写在纸条上,贴在五光十色的彩灯上供人猜。因为谜语能启迪智慧又饶有兴趣,所以流传过程中深受社会各阶层的欢迎。
民间过元宵节吃元宵的习俗。元宵由糯米制成,或实心,或带馅。馅有豆沙、白糖、山楂、各类果料等,食用时煮、煎、蒸、炸皆可。起初,人们把这种食物叫“浮圆子”,后来又叫“汤团”或“汤圆”,这些名称“团圆”字音相近,取团圆之意,象征全家人团团圆圆,和睦幸福,人们也以此怀念离别的亲人,寄托了对未来生活的美好愿望。
一些地方的元宵节还有“走百病”的习俗,又称“烤百病”“散百病”,参与者多为妇女,他们结伴而行或走墙边,或过桥,走郊外,目的是驱病除灾。
随着时间的推移,元宵节的活动越来越多,不少地方节庆时增加了耍龙灯、耍狮子、踩高跷、划旱船扭秧歌、打太平鼓等传统民俗表演。这个传承已有两千多年的传统节日,不仅盛行于海峡两岸,就是在海外华人的聚居区也年年欢庆不衰。
篇二:《关于元宵节的英文资料》
关于元宵节的英文资料
lantern festival
the 15th day of the 1st lunar month关于元宵节有关资料。
the 15th day of the 1st lunar month is the chinese lantern festival because the first lunar month is called yuan-month and in the ancient times people called night xiao. the 15th day is the first night to see a full moon. so the day is also called yuan xiao festival in china.
according to the chinese tradition, at the very beginning of a new year, when there is a bright full moon hanging in the sky, there should be thousands of colorful lanterns hung out for people to
appreciate. at this time, people will try to solve the puzzles on the lanterns and eat yuanxiao (glutinous rice ball) and get all their families united in the joyful atmosphere.
history
until the sui dynasty in the sixth century, emperor yangdi invited envoys from other countries to china to see the colorful lighted lanterns and enjoy the gala(节日的,庆祝的)performances.
by the beginning of the tang dynasty in the seventh century, the lantern displays would last three days. the emperor also lifted the curfew(宵禁令), allowing the people to enjoy the festive lanterns day and night. it is not difficult to find chinese poems which describe this happy scene.关于元宵节有关资料。
in the song dynasty, the festival was celebrated for five days and the activities began to spread to many of the big cities in china. colorful glass and even jade were used to make lanterns, with figures from folk tales painted on the lanterns.
however, the largest lantern festival celebration took place in the early part of the 15th century. the festivities continued for ten
days. emperor chengzu had the downtown area set aside as a center for displaying the lanterns. even today, there is a place in beijing called dengshikou. in chinese, deng means lantern and shi is market. the area became a market where lanterns were sold during the day. in the evening, the local people would go there to see the beautiful lighted lanterns on display.
today, the displaying of lanterns is still a big event on the 15th day of the first lunar month throughout china. people enjoy the brightly lit night. chengdu in southwest china's sichuan province, for example, holds a lantern fair each year in the cultural park.
during the lantern festival, the park is literally an ocean of
lanterns! many new designs attract countless visitors. the most eye-catching lantern is the dragon pole. this is a lantern in the shape of a golden dragon, spiraling up a 27-meter -high pole, spewing fireworks from its mouth. it is quite an impressive sight!
origin
there are many different beliefs about the origin of the lantern关于元宵节有关资料。
festival. but one thing for sure is that it had something to do with religious worship.
one legend tells us that it was a time to worship taiyi, the god of heaven in ancient times. the belief was that the god of heaven
controlled the destiny of the human world. he had sixteen dragons at his beck and call and he decided when to inflict drought, storms, famine or pestilence(瘟疫)upon human beings. beginning with
qinshihuang, the first emperor to unite the country, all subsequent emperors ordered splendid ceremonies each year. the emperor would ask taiyi to bring favorable weather and good health to him and his
people. emperor wudi of the han dynasty directed special attention to this event. in 104 bc, he proclaimed it one of the most important celebrations and the ceremony would last throughout the night.
another legend associates the lantern festival with taoism. tianguan is the taoist god responsible for good fortune. his birthday falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month. it is said that tianguan likes all types of entertainment. so followers prepare various kinds of activities during which they pray for good fortune.
the third story about the origin of the festival is like this. buddhism first entered china during the reign of emperor mingdi of the eastern han dynasty. that was in the first century. however, it did not exert any great influence among the chinese people. one day, emperor mingdi had a dream about a gold man in his palace. at the
very moment when he was about to ask the mysterious figure who he was, the gold man suddenly rose to the sky and disappeared in the west. the next day, emperor mingdi sent a scholar to india on a pilgrimage(朝圣)to locate buddhist scriptures. after journeying thousands of miles, the scholar finally returned with the scriptures. emperor
mingdi ordered that a temple be built to house a statue of buddha and serve as a repository for the scriptures. followers believe that the power of buddha can dispel darkness. so emperor mingdi ordered his subjects to display lighted lanterns during what was to become the lantern festival.
yuanxiao
besides entertainment and beautiful lanterns, another important part of the lantern festival,or yuanxiao festival is eating small dumpling balls made of glutinous rice flour. we call these balls yuanxiao or tangyuan. obviously, they get the name from the festival itself. it is said that the custom of eating yuanxiao originated during the
eastern jin dynasty in the fourth centuty, then became popular during the tang and song periods.
lantern festival
the 15th day of the 1st lunar month
the 15th day of the 1st lunar month is the chinese lantern festival because the first lunar month is called yuan-month and in the ancient times people called night xiao. the 15th day is the first night to see a full moon. so the day is also called yuan xiao festival in china.关于元宵节有关资料。
according to the chinese tradition, at the very beginning of a new year, when there is a bright full moon hanging in the sky, there should be thousands of colorful lanterns hung out for people to
appreciate. at this time, people will try to solve the puzzles on the lanterns and eat yuanxiao (glutinous rice ball) and get all their families united in the joyful atmosphere.
篇三:《元宵节的资料》
元宵节的资料
元宵,原意为“上元节的晚上”,因正月十五“上元节”主要活动是晚上的观灯赏月,后来节日名称也演化为“元宵节”。正月十五闹元宵,将从除夕开始延续的庆祝活动推向又一个高潮。元宵之夜,大街小巷张灯结彩,人们赏灯,猜灯谜,吃元宵,成为世代相沿的习俗。
元宵节是中国的传统节日,早在2000多年前的秦朝就有了,元宵赏灯始于东汉明帝时期,明帝提倡佛教,听说佛教有正月十五日僧人观佛舍利,点灯敬佛的做法,就命令这一天夜晚在皇宫和寺庙里点灯敬佛,令士族庶民都挂灯。以后这种佛教礼仪节日逐渐形成民间盛大的节日。该节经历了由宫廷到民间,由中原到全国的发展过程。
在汉文帝时,已下令将正月十五定为元宵节。汉武帝时,“太一神”的祭祀活动定在正月十五。(太一:主宰宇宙一切之神)。司马迁创建“太初历”时,就已将元宵节确定为重大节日。
吃元宵的习俗源于何时何地,民间说法不一。一说春秋未楚昭王复国归途中经过长江,见有物浮在江面,色白而微黄,内中有红如胭脂的瓤,味道甜美。众人不知此为何物,昭王便派人去问孔子。孔子说:“此浮萍果也,得之者主复兴之兆。”因为这一天正是正月十五日,以后每逢此日,昭王就命手下人用面仿制此果,并用山楂做成红色的馅煮而食之。还有一种说法,元宵原来叫汤圆,到了汉武帝时,宫中有个宫女叫元宵,做汤圆十分拿手,从此以后,世人就以这个宫女的名字来命名。这两个传说不见史料记载,不足为信。
关于元宵节吃元宵的最早记载见于宋代。当时称元宵为“浮圆子”、“圆子”、“乳糖元子”和“糖元”。从《平园续稿》、《岁时广记》、《大明一统赋》等史料的记载看,元宵作为欢度元宵节的应时食品是从宋朝开始的。因元宵节必食“圆子”,所以人们使用元宵命名之。
元宵在宋朝很珍贵,姜白石有诗“贵客钩帘看御街,市中珍品一时来,帘前花架无行路,不得金钱不肯回。”诗中的“珍品”即指元宵。
到了现代亦有与元宵节有关的故事。袁世凯在做了大总统之后心犹未甘,还想当皇帝,因美梦不能成真,终日烦恼。一日他的姨太太说要吃元宵,话刚一出口,就被袁世凯打了一个耳光,因“元宵”与“袁消”谐音,从此袁世就给手下的人下了个命令,以后不许再说“元宵”,而只能说“汤圆”。后来有人就此事写了一首打油诗:“诗吟圆子溯前朝,蒸化煮时水上漂。洪宪当年传禁令,沿街不许喊元宵。
猜灯谜,是元宵节后增的一项活动,出现在宋朝。南宋时,首都临安每逢元宵节时制迷,猜谜的人众多。开始时是好事者把谜语写在纸条上,贴在五光十色的彩灯上供人猜。因为谜语能启迪智慧又饶有兴趣,所以流传过程中深受社会各阶层的欢迎。
雪中送炭所谓雪,就是汤圆雪白的外层,而炭则是内层的炭烧朱古力馅,汤圆味道较浓,所以就配一个清新的玫瑰花汤底,喝一口汤,吃一口汤圆,就是最佳的吃法哦。
玫瑰椰露汤圆单看外型已够赏心悦目的咯,吃一口,更有双唇在浸玫瑰花浴的感觉哦,椰汁、鲜奶再加上玫瑰花的芬芳,清润而暖和,再加上同样有美颜作用的芝麻汤圆,最适合女孩子品尝咯。
篇四:《描写元宵节的句子》
1、忽而烟花冲天而上,五彩缤纷,绚丽多姿,在空中绽放。大沙河一时形成了“火树银花不夜天”的壮观场面。霎时间,人们欢呼,人们雀跃,欢潮如歌!
2、“轰,轰,轰。”礼炮打响了只见在一瞬间火花飞了出来,然后有许许多多的彩纸飞了出来。描写元宵节的句子。彩纸有红的,黄的,蓝的……真是五颜六色呀。“彩蝶”在空中自由自在地飞舞着,在向我们招手微笑。接着,礼炮接连响起。空中“彩蝶”飞舞,地上人们喊着、跳着。
3、不觉中,4、两只舞狮进行一段生动的表演后,一滚,一跃,同时从嘴部垂下红色的对联。金色的长龙腾空跃起,在两只舞狮的上端,似真似幻,为节日的夜晚增添了风彩。描写元宵节的句子。
5、各式各样的花灯映入眼帘,让人目不暇接。有帆船形的,象征一帆风顺;也有“冬不拉”上跳舞的人,象征民族团结;有房子形的,象征天下一家亲;金洋芋公司的花灯构思精巧,展望企业的未来,前景一片;公安局的花灯设计巧妙,渴望社会安定、民族团结、祖国富强…
6、烟花潮之后,人们点起了许愿灯,人们将自己的许愿灯升到高高的空中,许愿灯飞的越高,愿望实现的可能就越大,人们沉浸在欢乐中……
7、按中国民间的传统,在这天上皓月高悬的夜晚,人们要点起彩灯万盏,以示庆贺。出门赏月、燃灯放焰、喜猜灯谜、共吃元宵,合家团聚、同庆佳节,其乐融融。
8、每到元宵节,家家户户都会煮汤圆,吃汤圆,汤圆的样子是圆形的,意味着家家团团圆圆,甜甜蜜蜜,汤圆里的馅各种各样,有豆沙的,有芝麻的,有花生的,还有鲜肉的。放在锅里煮一煮,就像一个个乒乓球一样漂在水面上,咬上一口又香又甜回味无穷。
9、几声巨响,美丽的礼花接二连三地在空中开放,有的像菊花,有的像六月的雪,有的像满天的星辰,还有的像七彩的花朵。
10、花轿上人的装扮也有很多:有的人扮文武状元;有的人扮二郎神;有的人扮观音送子;有的……真是各式各样啊!其中,扮二郎神轿子上的那只哮天犬真是活灵活现,头朝天叫着,好象在向人们报告:“元宵节来啦,元宵节来啦。”真是有意思。还有那扮观音送子的,莲花下是用棉花凑起来的,从远处望去,真像是一朵云,打扮花轿的人真是匠心独运。这不,我把那场面拍下来了。
11、各种各样的烟花,有绿的,有红的,有蓝的,有橙色的,还有紫色的,烟花点起来了,有的像天女散花,()有的像星星点灯,在天上一闪一闪的,有的像洒下一张大网,把整个天空照的像天空一一样明亮。声音霹雳啪啦,震耳欲聋,把车震的嗡嗡的响。所以的人们都沉浸在节日的欢乐之中。
12、月亮渐渐西落,我依依不舍地离开。但观灯的人还是络绎不绝,各种彩色的灯像天上的繁星一样,大放光彩。真是“一夜花灯醉,只缘春意浓。”
13、忽然传来了一阵震耳欲聋的锣鼓声,只见街头上有一条“东方巨龙”忽左忽右、忽上忽下盘旋着,而前面一个叔叔拿着一个大红球左右上下摆动着,那条龙也跟着追逐。许多男女老少围观者,笑啊、跳啊,热闹极了。
14、街道上,到处都张灯结彩,各式各样的电子花灯,简直叫人目不暇接,随着一阵阵锣鼓喧声,两条蛟龙,在人群中间交叉飞舞。
15、瞧,今年的花灯更是五花八门,姿态万千,有宝塔灯,鱼灯,鹰灯……而且五颜六色,流光溢彩,我的眼睛都不够用了,真是目不暇接。
16、烟花在空中炸开了花,点点繁星般的烟花如同仙女散花,飘洒在空中,美丽极了!哇!那边更是引人注目,笑脸来了,它代表着人们在新的一年里笑口常开,生活快乐!
17、看那一条条巨龙在“空中飞舞”,在十番锣鼓的伴奏下,唢呐吹起了“将军令”。
18、“得胜令”等各种曲牌,随着锣鼓、唢呐的节奏,舞龙人和舞狮队统一步伐舞起龙灯和狮灯,浑如一条条火龙在空中飞舞,煞是壮观。
19、正月十五的傍晚,全家人去赏灯,来到赏灯地点,街上人山人海,街道两旁五颜六色的花灯,让人眼花缭乱。突然传来一阵喧闹声。仔细一瞧,原来是社火队,他们拌着锣鼓声,做出各种滑稽的动作,不时逗得人们哈哈大笑。舞狮队、秧歌队、民族舞蹈队、猪八戒、卓别林等西洋人的精彩表演,逗得大家捧腹大笑,不时博来阵阵掌声。
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