【www.guakaob.com--初二】
8A Unit 2 School life
一、 重点短语 1.play baseball 2.as…as…
打棒球 与….一样….
不如… …..
3. not as/so…as…=less …than 4.discuss = talk about 讨论 5.have a discussion 6.in class
7.after class 8.offer sb. sth.
进行一次讨论 在课上 提供某人某物 提供我帮助 将某物提供给某人
课后
offer me help 9. offer sth. to sb. 10.at least 11.at most
至少 最多、顶多
花时间于某事/物上
12. spend time on sth.
13. spend time doing sth. 花时间做某事 14.daily English = everyday English 日常英语 15.look through the questionsquickly快速浏览问题 16.at first
起初 最后
17.at last = in the end = finally 18.finish doing sth. 19.keep doing sth.
完成做某事 一直做某事
20.keep on doing sth. 反复做某事
让/使某人一直做某事 21.have to do sth. 22.must do sth. 23.work hard
不得不做某事（表客观） 努力学习/工作hard为副词 学习/工作最刻苦 必须做某事（表主观）
work the hardest 24.hard-working
刻苦的、勤奋的（形容词）
25.learn about schools around the world了解全世界的学校 26.buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 28.a mixed school
在8年级
一所混合学校
29.among all my subjects 在我所有的学科中
30.during the Reading Week 在阅读周期间
31.bring in books and magazines from home从家里带书和杂志进来 32.near the end of the week 在这周将要结束的时候 33.at the end of the week 在这周末
34.listen carefully to my problem(s)仔细倾听我的问题 35.on Friday afternoon 37.twice a week 39.practice hard
在周五下午 比平时结束得早些 一月四次
36.end earlier than usual 38.four times a month
一周两次 练习得很刻苦
在我们三个人中
40.read an article by a boy from the USA读一个美国男孩写的一篇文章 41.among the three of us=.of us three 43.of us all
44.come first in the race 在我们所有人中
在比赛中第一 休息一天
休息8周过暑假/暑假休息8周 花最少的时间在家庭作业上 做早操
另外半个小时（用来）下国际象棋 49.have an English test进行一次英语测试
50.have a monthly test on each subject在每个学科上有月考
51.keep writing in English about my daily life坚持用英语写关于我的日常生活 51.I’真的很抱歉让你等了很长时间。
52.watch English videos at weekends在周末看英语视频 53.have a lovely time (doing sth.) = have fun (doing sth.) 54.after-school activities 55.go on a school trip 56.need to do sth. 57.need doing
课外活动 需要做某事 进行一次学校旅行 需要被做
玩得开心（做某事）
有一小时的家庭作业 有一个小时吃午饭 60.listen to music at lunchtime在午饭时间听音乐 61.jump high 62.jump far
跳得高 跳得远
二、 重要句型 1.What’s school like?
学校什么样？
就像看电视。
你这个周末有什么打算
2.It’s like watching TV. 吗？
me, learning foreign languages is really fun. =It’s really to learn foreign languages 科。
6.I have the least free time in my class. 间。
7.I spend time doing Nancy.我比南希花较少的时间做家庭作业。
8.Simon spends the most time on his hobbies. 西蒙花最多的时间在他的爱好上。 的时间在他的爱好上。
10.Woodland School has the fewest teachers. 活动。
12.Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books.当我们读有趣的书时时间似乎走得更快。
险。
对我而言，学外语真的有乐趣。
John 比Nancy学更多的学我在班上有最少的空闲时
Daniel 比Amy花更多
林地学校有最少的教师。 我们有很多时间进行课后
野营与骑自行车一样有趣。 游泳没有 / 不如 潜水危
2013人教版八年级上册知识点汇总与习题
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?【初二英语上册school,life知识点】
短语归纳
go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山
go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few相当多 study for为……而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of course当然 in the past在过去 feel like给……的感觉；感受 go shopping去购物 walk around四处走走 because of因为 one bowl of… 一碗…… the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来…… look+adj. 看起来…… nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有
seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…… arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地
decide to do sth.决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事
Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？ so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于……
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事
语法讲解
1. go on vacation 度假 vacation相当于holiday，但vacation表示长的假期。
4. something interesting有趣的东西
1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。
somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。 somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。
2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时，放于其后； something special; somewhere wonderful.
3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：大家都到齐了吗？
4）something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中
anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如： 你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问）
Why don‘t you visit 你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢？（表建议） If anything happens, please tell me. 如果有事情发生，请告诉我。
6. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth 如： buy some books for me. = buy me some books.
7.提建议的句子： 8. ride bicycles 骑自行车
① 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don‘t you + do sth.? 如：Why don‘t you go shopping?
③ 如：Why not go shopping?
④Let‘s + do sth. 如： Let‘s go shopping
⑤ 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?
13. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 都是―到达―的意思
get to+地点=reach+地点= arrive at+地点（小）=arrive in+地点（大）
注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等，则不需要加介词。
14.nothing...but...意为―除......之外； 只有‖，如：
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我整天除了看电视什么也没干。
15. feel like 意为：―感受到；摸起来‖，后跟宾语从句或名词。如：
I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。
另外，构成短语 feel like doing sth.意为―想做某事‖。如：I feel like eating.我想吃东西。
16. 喜欢做…;乐意做…
过得愉快
=have fun/have a good time.
我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的
奇迹；令人惊讶的事情 如：No wonder! 难怪；不足为奇！
惊讶 如：wonder at sth. ; wonder to do sth.
如：Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。
1）seem意为―好像；似乎；看来‖，是个连系动词，构成的短语有：
seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如： 他们似乎在等你。
seem（to be）+adj. 似乎...... 如： 昨天他似乎病了。
It seems that + 从句 似乎...... 如： 昨天他似乎病了。
其他表示状态的系动词有：feel(觉得）; keep（保持）;stay（保持）;look（看来像...）;
smell（闻起来）sound（听起来……）taste（尝起来……）
2 bored (adj)，意为―感到厌倦的、无聊的‖,其主语是某人；
boring(adj)，意为―令人厌倦的、无聊的‖其主语是某物。 如：
我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。
相类似的词语还有
22. decide（v）决定 decide to (not) do sth. = make a decision (not) to do sth.
decision(n) decide on doing sth. 决定做某事
如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。
23. Because of the bad weather, we couldn‘t see anything below.
1 because of + 名词/代词/名短 因为工作的原因
because + 从句 如：我做这件事是因为我喜欢。
2）below意为―在......下面;低于‖，其反义词为 above，意为―在......上面；高于‖
24. 形容词/副词＋enough 如：wet/quietly enough 足够漂亮
enough enough ＋名词 如：enough umbrellas 足够的雨伞
足够 (形/副)＋enough+ (名) to do sth. 足够…去做…
如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。
她年龄不够，不能去上学。
同义句： go to school. (too… to… :太… 而不能…)
She is so young that she can‘t go to school.
so+形/副+that 从句： 2 / 20
such such+名短+ that 从句：She is such a popular girl that...
so that 从句：结果…（为了） 如：He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus. 反身代词：myself/yourself/itself/herself/himself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves
如：
The child (herself) usually wears the clothes (herself).
27．What a difference a day makes!
一天的差异多大啊！
What a/an + adj.+ n(单)+主+谓！或 What + adj. +n（复不）+主+谓！
How+ adj. +主+谓（联系动词）！或 How + adv+主+谓（实义动词）！
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
短语归纳
help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次
hardly ever几乎从不 once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空 go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dance摇摆舞 play tennis打网球 stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少
have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early早点睡觉
play sports进行体育活动 be good for对……有好处 go camping去野营
not…at all一点儿也不…… in one‘s free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如 old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医
morn than多于；超过 less than少于 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
How about…? ......怎么样？/ ……好不好？ want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事
How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ ……有多少……?
主语+find+that从句. ……发现…… spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光
It‘s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的……的。 ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事
by doing sth. 通过做某事 What‘s your favorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么？
the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式
语法讲解
1. exercise （v/n）的用法
1）（动）:锻炼. 如： He exercises every day.
2) (可数名词)：―...操;练习‖. 如：do morning/ eye exercises; do math exercises
(不可数名词):―锻炼;运动‖讲：如： We often do / take exercise on weekends.
2. ----How often do you usually go shopping? —Sometimes/Twice a week. 有时候/一周两次.
1) go shopping 意为―去购物‖。Go+ v- ing : 表示进行某项活动。如：
Go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking
2)频率副词：always=all the time, usually, often, sometimes=at times , hardly ever, never
(1).sometimes: 有时候；sometime：某时；some times：许多次/倍; some time: 一段时间
(2). hardly(adv): 几乎不 硬的；困难的；严厉的；勤奋的 a hard writer study/rain hard 3）how often表示―多久一次‖，是对动作的频率进行提问。其回答通常有：
频率副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never
how often 次数＋时间段: 如：once or twice a week
every ＋时间段: every day (每天) 区别：everyday（每天的；日常的）
―一次或两次‖时，一般用once和twice表示。如：once a month(一个月一次)
而表示―三次或以上‖时，则用―数词＋times‖结构。如：five times a year (一年五次)
4） 由how构成的疑问词组的用法
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how many+ 可数名词复数 如：how many programs how much+不可数名词 如：how much coffee
但
还有―
多少钱‖的意思 如：
How much are those pants? how many times: ―多少次‖. 其答语表示次数。如：once ,twice，three times等
How old...? 询问年龄 如：How old are you? I am five.
多久(时间) 常用 for two days，for three hours等回答。 多长（某物的长度） 如：---How long is the river? --- 10 kms.
(5)how soon 用来询问过多久，多久以后，其答语是in two hours，in three days等。【初二英语上册school,life知识点】
如：How soon wil he come back？ In an hour。
3. ―空闲的‖：Are you free tonight? 4. at least 至少 at most 最多
be free ―自由的‖： a free country freedom(n) 5. stay up 熬夜
―免费的‖： work for free. 6. junk food 垃圾食品
―满的；饱的‖ …be full of… : The bottle 瓶子里装满了水。
―忙的‖=busy 6她说那对我的健康有益。
(1）be good for：―对……有好处‖。 如：Doing exercise is good for our health.
（2）be good at：―擅长于……‖ 如：He is good at playing football.
(3) be good to sb./sth: ―对……好‖ 如：The old woman is good to us.
(4) be good to do sth.: ―适合；宜于‖ 如：The water is good to drink.
(5) be good with: ―与……相处好‖ 如： The teacher is good with his students.
7．go online = use the Internet ：上网 8. Teenager magazine 青少年杂志
9. more than two hours=over two hours:超过 10. go to the dentist: 去看牙医
11. keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health: 保持健康
叫…做某事 叫…不要做某事 ask sb. about sth. : 问某人某事 ask sb. for sth. : 向某人要求… 如：13. help sb. with sth. 如：They help me with this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。 help sb.（to）do. 如：They help you (to) solve this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。
14. (n) 惊讶: to one‘s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 in surprise 惊讶地
surprise be surprised at sth. 对… 感到意外
v) be surprised to do sth. 惊讶做某事
be surprised that + 从句
如：I was surprised at the news = I was surprised to hear the news.
15. fifteen percent of the students 百分之十五的学生 16. swing dance 摇摆舞
17. although(conj):―尽管；虽然‖，表示转折关系，同义词有though, 不能与but同时使用。
如： Although they‘re neighbors, they don‘t play together.
= They‘re neighbors, but they don‘t play together. 尽管他们是邻居，但是他们不在一起玩。
maybe (adv): 也许，大概 (Maybe) he (maybe) knows it.
May + v(原)：也许，大概 He may know it.
如：19. It‘s good to relax byby: 通过… 方式 He went home by bus.= He went home on the bus= He took the bus home.
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through
通过… 方式+ 名词：
…里面）穿过： Climb through the window.
注意： 横过（从一边到另一边） walk across the street.
such as =like + 名短： 如： such as winning the game.
句子： 如：It‘s healthy for the mind and the body.
恶习难改. die(v):死亡；消失 death(n): 死亡；
dead(adj): 死的； dying(adj): 垂死的；临终的；（植）枯萎的 dying wish----遗言
21. 度过（时间） 如：spend the weekend with family 花费（时间、钱） 如：同义句：He spent 20 yuan on the magazine.
Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister
短语归纳
more outgoing更外向 as…as…与……一样…… the singing competition唱歌比赛 be similar to与……相像的/类似的 the same as和……相同；与……一致
be different from与……不同 care about关心；介意 be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的 as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩 reach for伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 make friends交朋友 the other其他的 touch one‘s heart感动某人
be talented in music有音乐天赋 be good at擅长…… be good with善于与……相处 have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth擅长做某事
make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事
as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与……一样…… It‘s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事……的。
语法讲解
15. 形容词和副词的比较级
一、含义1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级: good – better - best
2. 比较级：表示两者(人或物)之间的比较。
3. 加more/most ~的情况：①.部分双音节和多音节词；②.-ed/ing结尾的词；③adj+ly→adv.
4. 双写的词：一个大热天，一个胖子和一个瘦子穿着红衣服，汗湿了，很伤心。
big hot fat thin red wet sad
二．比较级基本句型：
↗连系动词+ adj.（比） 如： Lucy is slower than Lily.
1．主语+谓语动词+adj./adv（比）+ than+ 对比成分
↘实义动词+ adv./ （比） 如：Lucy runs more slowly than Lily.
2. 主语必须与对比成分保持一致：→your hair)
3 as+adj./adv.(原级)+as …: ―如同…一样…‖
否定：… not as/so+adj./adv.(原级)+as …: ―不如……一样……‖
4…… e.g. They talked more and more loudly.
5. The比较级…,the＋比较级…：越…就越… The more exercise you do, the stronger you‘ll be.
6. ―Which / Who is + 比较级， A or B？‖ e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one?
7. the+比较级+of the（ two ） : 两者中较…的一个
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Unit 2 School life
1.你理想中的学校your ideal school 2.全世界all over the world/ around the world/the whole world
3.中学high/ secondary school 4.一楼first/ ground floor 5.美式足球American football
6.说不同的语言speak different languages 30.在16岁时at 16/ at age 16/ at the age of 16
31.有空闲时间have free time
32.对------全面了解learn all about
全面了解我的新学校learn all about my new school
33.在家庭作业方面帮助我help me with my 7.一门有用的语言a useful language
8.在八年级in Year 8/ in Grade 8 / in 8th grade
9.一所混合学校a mixed school 10.家政课Home Economics
11.为我自己做事情do things for myself 12.在每节课快结束时near the end of each class
13. 也as well
14.一所英国学校a British school 15.一所美国学校an American school
16.做健康的美味的食物cook healthy and tasty meals
17.学习怎样做饭、缝衣服learn how to cook and sew
18.把家里的书和杂志带进bring in books and magazines from home
19在午饭期间during lunchtime 在午饭时间at lunchtime
20.上驾驶课have driving lessons
21.开车送我上学drive me to school / take me to school by car
22.做某事花费时间spend...doing / spend ------ on sth..
23.练习做某事practice doing
24.做„很高兴have a good time doing/ have fun doing/ enjoy oneself doing 25. 一位挚友a close friend
26.在搭档俱乐部in the Buddy Club
27.在今年的阅读周期间during this year’s Reading Week
28.一个美国女孩写的文章an article(written) by a girl from the USA 29.一名12年级的毕业生a senior in 12th grade
homework
34.倾听我的问题listen to my problems 35.有一种美味have a pleasant taste 36．在每节课最后near the end of each class 37.和某人谈论某事talk to sb. about sth. 38.一种球类运动a kind of ball game 39.你所崇敬的人someone you admire 40.上电视be on TV
41．把„„与„„相compare „ with „ 42.电脑学课Computer Studies
43.过一个长达12周的假期have a 12-week holiday
have 12 weeks off
44.休息半年have half a year off 45.多远（用于提问距离）how far
多久时间（用于提问时间连续多久）how long 多久（用于提问每隔多久发生：表频率）how often
过多久（时间）how soon
46.做早操/ 眼保健操do morning/eye exercises
47.步行去上学walk to school / go to school on foot
48乘飞机去上海go to Shanghai by plane / take a plane to Shanghai / fly to Shanghai 49.乘校车take the school bus 50.伤了她的腿hurt her leg 51.穿校服wear school uniforms 52.吃最少的牛肉eat the least beef 53.得最少的分score the fewest points 54.和„„不同be different from 55.和„„相同be the same as 56.在-------相同/一样be the same + n. + as = as + adj. + as the same size as = as big as
57.一起上课have lessons together 73.在学校的一边on one side of the school 58.在夏季in the summertime 74.在学校的另一边on the other side of the 59.在网上聊天chat online/chat on the school Internet 75.(两者中)一个---另一个one„the other 60.在电话里聊天chat on the phone 76.垒球游戏softball game 61.向窗外看look out of the window 77.参加学校旅行去博物馆或剧院go on a 62.表示惊讶show surprise school trip to a museum or a theatre 63.课外活动after-school activities 78.加入音乐俱乐部join the Music Club 64.有一个小时吃午饭have an hour for lunch 79.呆在医院一个月了stay in hospital f or 65.听流行音乐listen to pop music a month 66.养一只宠物猴get a pet monkey 80.能够去做某事be able to do sth. 67.搬到加拿大move to Canada 81.半小时的家庭作业half an hour of 68.在周末at weekends homework 69.做„有问题have problems doing sth 82.系领带wear a tie/ ties „方面有问题have problems with sth. 83.有许多有用的书的图书馆a big library 70.大量的学生a number of students with lots of useful books 71.学生的数量the number of students 84.一个网球场a tennis court 72.暑假时间的长the length of summer 85.一个游泳池a swimming pool holiday
8A Unit 2 School life句子
Why don’t dogs go to school? 为什么狗不去上学？ What’s school like ?学校怎么样？
It’s like watching TV, but there are fewer advertisements. 就像看电视，但是广告比较少.
My favourite subject is Home Economics. 我最喜欢的学科是家政课 .
I didn’t know how to do things for myself before I came to this school. 在我来到这所学校之前, 我不知道怎样为自己做事情。
We have to tell our English teacher what we are reading. 我们不得不告诉我们的英语老师我们在读什么.
Reading Week is always too short because we want to read all our classmates’ books as well. 阅读周总是太短, 因为我们也想看我们所有的同班同学的书。
He drives me to school every day. 他每天开车送我去学校。 = He takes me to school by car every day.
7. I spend a lot of time practicing playing softball. 我花很多时间练习打垒球. 8. In the Buddy Club, older students talk to new students about school life. 在搭档俱乐部里, 大一点的学生对新同学说关于学校生活.
9. She helps me learn all about my new school. 她帮我了解关于新学校的一切。
10. During lunchtime, I meet my friends and we always have a good time talking to each other.在午餐期间，我会见我的朋友并且总是开心地互相交谈.
11. What’s the meaning of “hero”? “hero”是什么意思？ =What do you mean by “hero”? =What does the word “hero” mean?
12. John studies more subjects than Nancy. John 学得科目比Nancy多. 13. Nancy joins fewer clubs than I. Nancy 加入的俱乐部比我少.
14. I have less free time than John. 我的空余时间比John少. 15. Amy scored the most points. Amy得的分数最多. 16. Simon scored the fewest points. Simon得的分数最少. 17. Kitty has the least money. Kitty的钱最少. 18. Simon’s jacket is different from John’s jacket. = Simon’s jacket isn’t like John’s jacket. Simon的夹克衫与John的不同.
19. Tina’s shoes are the same as Millie’s shoes. Tina的鞋与Millie的鞋是一样的. 20. My shoes are as big as his. 我的鞋和他的鞋是一样的大. =My shoes are the same size as his.
21. The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than that in Beijing.广州的天气比北京的天气热. 22. She has to stay in hospital for a month. 她不得不呆在医院一个月.
23. She won’t be able to play basketball for three months. 她将三个月不能打篮球. 24. We have lots of time for after-school activities. 我们有许多课外活动的时间.
25. There’s a park on one side of our school and a shopping mall on the other. 在我们学校的一边有一个公园，另一边有一个购物中心.
26. Millie has more flowers than Amy. Millie 的花比Amy多. =Amy has fewer flowers than Millie.
27．Simon has less orange juice than Sandy. Simon的橘子汁比Sandy少. =Sandy has more orange juice than Simon.
28. Our school is a mixed school. 我们的学校是一个混合的学校
29. The fewer children there are in a family, the better their life will be. 家里的孩子越少, 生活越好.
30. I have less money than you, but I have more friends than you. 我的钱比你少，但是我的朋友比你多.
31. The more friends you have, the happier you will be.你有的朋友越多, 你就越快乐. 32. Compare this with that, and you will find which is better. 把这个与那个比较, 你就会发现哪个更好.
33. The number of the students in our class is 58.我们班学生的数量是58. 34. A number of students joined in the sports.大量的学生参加了运动.
35. He had/ took a week off because of his illness.因为他的病, 他请了一个星期的假. 36. The maths problem is very difficult, so few students can work it out. 这道数学题目非常难, 所以几乎没有学生能把它做出来.
37. How often do you go to the cinema?---Three times a month.
38. How long have you been there?---Seven years. 你在那儿多长时间了? 39. How far is it from your home to your school? 从你家到你的学校多远? 40. How soon will your father leave for Beijing?—In a week. 你父亲将过多久动身去北京? 在一周内.
41. Mr Smiths has two daughters. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor. Mr Smiths 有两个女儿， 一个是老师， 另一个是医生。
She has three daughters. One is a teacher , the others are workers. 她有三个女儿， 一个是老师， 其他的是工人.
43. Because it rained, we didn’t have the football match. 因为天下雨了, 我们没有进行足球比赛.
44. The length of summer holiday is nearly two months. 暑期长度将近两个月. 45.A club is a pleasant place to spend our free time.
俱乐部是一个度过空余时间的令人愉快的地方.
46.My mother always cooks tasty meals on Sunday.我的母亲在星期天总是做美味的饭. 47.My father will fly to Beijing in two hours. 我的父亲在两小时内将飞往北京。
2013人教版八年级上册知识点汇总与习题
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
短语归纳
go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山
go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few相当多 study for为……而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of course当然 in the past在过去 feel like给……的感觉；感受 go shopping去购物 walk around四处走走 because of因为 one bowl of… 一碗…… the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来…… look+adj. 看起来…… nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有
seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…… arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地
decide to do sth.决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事
Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？ so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于……
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事
语法讲解
1. go on vacation 度假 vacation相当于holiday，但vacation表示长的假期。
4. something interesting有趣的东西
1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。
somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。 somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。
2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时，放于其后； something special; somewhere wonderful.
3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：大家都到齐了吗？
4）something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中
anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如： 你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问）
Why don‘t you visit 你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢？（表建议） If anything happens, please tell me. 如果有事情发生，请告诉我。
6. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth 如： buy some books for me. = buy me some books.
7.提建议的句子： 8. ride bicycles 骑自行车
① 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don‘t you + do sth.? 如：Why don‘t you go shopping?
③ 如：Why not go shopping?
④Let‘s + do sth. 如： Let‘s go shopping
⑤ 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?
13. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 都是―到达―的意思
get to+地点=reach+地点= arrive at+地点（小）=arrive in+地点（大）
注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等，则不需要加介词。
14.nothing...but...意为―除......之外； 只有‖，如：
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我整天除了看电视什么也没干。
15. feel like 意为：―感受到；摸起来‖，后跟宾语从句或名词。如：
I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。
另外，构成短语 feel like doing sth.意为―想做某事‖。如：I feel like eating.我想吃东西。
16. 喜欢做…;乐意做…
过得愉快
=have fun/have a good time.
我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的
奇迹；令人惊讶的事情 如：No wonder! 难怪；不足为奇！
惊讶 如：wonder at sth. ; wonder to do sth.
如：Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。
1）seem意为―好像；似乎；看来‖，是个连系动词，构成的短语有：
seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如： 他们似乎在等你。
seem（to be）+adj. 似乎...... 如： 昨天他似乎病了。
It seems that + 从句 似乎...... 如： 昨天他似乎病了。
其他表示状态的系动词有：feel(觉得）; keep（保持）;stay（保持）;look（看来像...）;
smell（闻起来）sound（听起来……）taste（尝起来……）
2 bored (adj)，意为―感到厌倦的、无聊的‖,其主语是某人；
boring(adj)，意为―令人厌倦的、无聊的‖其主语是某物。 如：
我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。
相类似的词语还有
22. decide（v）决定 decide to (not) do sth. = make a decision (not) to do sth.
decision(n) decide on doing sth. 决定做某事
如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。
23. Because of the bad weather, we couldn‘t see anything below.
1 because of + 名词/代词/名短 因为工作的原因
because + 从句 如：我做这件事是因为我喜欢。
2）below意为―在......下面;低于‖，其反义词为 above，意为―在......上面；高于‖
24. 形容词/副词＋enough 如：wet/quietly enough 足够漂亮
enough enough ＋名词 如：enough umbrellas 足够的雨伞
足够 (形/副)＋enough+ (名) to do sth. 足够…去做…
如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。
她年龄不够，不能去上学。
同义句： go to school. (too… to… :太… 而不能…)
She is so young that she can‘t go to school.
so+形/副+that 从句： 2 / 20
such such+名短+ that 从句：She is such a popular girl that...
so that 从句：结果…（为了） 如：He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus. 反身代词：myself/yourself/itself/herself/himself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves
如：
The child (herself) usually wears the clothes (herself).
27．What a difference a day makes!
一天的差异多大啊！
What a/an + adj.+ n(单)+主+谓！或 What + adj. +n（复不）+主+谓！
How+ adj. +主+谓（联系动词）！或 How + adv+主+谓（实义动词）！
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
短语归纳
help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次
hardly ever几乎从不 once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空 go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dance摇摆舞 play tennis打网球 stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少
have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early早点睡觉
play sports进行体育活动 be good for对……有好处 go camping去野营
not…at all一点儿也不…… in one‘s free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如 old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医
morn than多于；超过 less than少于 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
How about…? ......怎么样？/ ……好不好？ want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事
How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ ……有多少……?
主语+find+that从句. ……发现…… spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光
It‘s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的……的。 ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事
by doing sth. 通过做某事 What‘s your favorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么？
the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式
语法讲解
1. exercise （v/n）的用法
1）（动）:锻炼. 如： He exercises every day.
2) (可数名词)：―...操;练习‖. 如：do morning/ eye exercises; do math exercises
(不可数名词):―锻炼;运动‖讲：如： We often do / take exercise on weekends.
2. ----How often do you usually go shopping? —Sometimes/Twice a week. 有时候/一周两次.
1) go shopping 意为―去购物‖。Go+ v- ing : 表示进行某项活动。如：
Go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking
2)频率副词：always=all the time, usually, often, sometimes=at times , hardly ever, never
(1).sometimes: 有时候；sometime：某时；some times：许多次/倍; some time: 一段时间
(2). hardly(adv): 几乎不 硬的；困难的；严厉的；勤奋的 a hard writer study/rain hard 3）how often表示―多久一次‖，是对动作的频率进行提问。其回答通常有：
频率副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never
how often 次数＋时间段: 如：once or twice a week
every ＋时间段: every day (每天) 区别：everyday（每天的；日常的）
―一次或两次‖时，一般用once和twice表示。如：once a month(一个月一次)
而表示―三次或以上‖时，则用―数词＋times‖结构。如：five times a year (一年五次)
4） 由how构成的疑问词组的用法
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how many+ 可数名词复数 如：how many programs how much+不可数名词 如：how much coffee
但
还有―多少钱‖
的意思 如：How much are those pants?
how many times: ―
多少次‖. 其答语表示次数。如：once ,twice，three times等
How old...? 询问年龄 如：How old are you? I am five.
多久(时间) 常用 for two days，for three hours等回答。 多长（某物的长度） 如：---How long is the river? --- 10 kms.
(5)how soon 用来询问过多久，多久以后，其答语是in two hours，in three days等。
如：How soon wil he come back？ In an hour。
3. ―空闲的‖：Are you free tonight? 4. at least 至少 at most 最多
be free ―自由的‖： a free country freedom(n) 5. stay up 熬夜
―免费的‖： work for free. 6. junk food 垃圾食品
―满的；饱的‖ …be full of… : The bottle 瓶子里装满了水。
―忙的‖=busy 6她说那对我的健康有益。
(1）be good for：―对……有好处‖。 如：Doing exercise is good for our health.
（2）be good at：―擅长于……‖ 如：He is good at playing football.
(3) be good to sb./sth: ―对……好‖ 如：The old woman is good to us.
(4) be good to do sth.: ―适合；宜于‖ 如：The water is good to drink.
(5) be good with: ―与……相处好‖ 如： The teacher is good with his students.
7．go online = use the Internet ：上网 8. Teenager magazine 青少年杂志
9. more than two hours=over two hours:超过 10. go to the dentist: 去看牙医
11. keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health: 保持健康
叫…做某事 叫…不要做某事 ask sb. about sth. : 问某人某事 ask sb. for sth. : 向某人要求… 如：13. help sb. with sth. 如：They help me with this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。 help sb.（to）do. 如：They help you (to) solve this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。
14. (n) 惊讶: to one‘s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 in surprise 惊讶地
surprise be surprised at sth. 对… 感到意外
v) be surprised to do sth. 惊讶做某事
be surprised that + 从句
如：I was surprised at the news = I was surprised to hear the news.
15. fifteen percent of the students 百分之十五的学生 16. swing dance 摇摆舞
17. although(conj):―尽管；虽然‖，表示转折关系，同义词有though, 不能与but同时使用。
如： Although they‘re neighbors, they don‘t play together.
= They‘re neighbors, but they don‘t play together. 尽管他们是邻居，但是他们不在一起玩。
maybe (adv): 也许，大概 (Maybe) he (maybe) knows it.
May + v(原)：也许，大概 He may know it.
如：19. It‘s good to relax byby: 通过… 方式 He went home by bus.= He went home on the bus= He took the bus home.
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through
通过… 方式+ 名词：
…里面）穿过： Climb through the window.
注意： 横过（从一边到另一边） walk across the street.
such as =like + 名短： 如： such as winning the game. 句子： 如：It‘s healthy for the mind and the body.
恶习难改. die(v):死亡；消失 death(n): 死亡；
dead(adj): 死的； dying(adj): 垂死的；临终的；（植）枯萎的 dying wish----遗言
21. 度过（时间） 如：spend the weekend with family 花费（时间、钱） 如：同义句：He spent 20 yuan on the magazine.
Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister
短语归纳
more outgoing更外向 as…as…与……一样…… the singing competition唱歌比赛 be similar to与……相像的/类似的 the same as和……相同；与……一致
be different from与……不同 care about关心；介意 be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的 as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩 reach for伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 make friends交朋友 the other其他的 touch one‘s heart感动某人
be talented in music有音乐天赋 be good at擅长…… be good with善于与……相处 have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth擅长做某事
make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事
as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与……一样…… It‘s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事……的。
语法讲解
15. 形容词和副词的比较级
一、含义1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级: good – better - best
2. 比较级：表示两者(人或物)之间的比较。
3. 加more/most ~的情况：①.部分双音节和多音节词；②.-ed/ing结尾的词；③adj+ly→adv.
4. 双写的词：一个大热天，一个胖子和一个瘦子穿着红衣服，汗湿了，很伤心。
big hot fat thin red wet sad
二．比较级基本句型：
↗连系动词+ adj.（比） 如： Lucy is slower than Lily.
1．主语+谓语动词+adj./adv（比）+ than+ 对比成分
↘实义动词+ adv./ （比） 如：Lucy runs more slowly than Lily.
2. 主语必须与对比成分保持一致：
3 as+adj./adv.(原级)+as …: ―如同…一样…‖
否定：… not as/so+adj./adv.(原级)+as …: ―不如……一样……‖
4…… e.g. They talked more and more loudly.
5. The比较级…,the＋比较级…：越…就越… The more exercise you do, the stronger you‘ll be.
6. ―Which / Who is + 比较级， A or B？‖ e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one?
7. the+比较级+of the（ two ） : 两者中较…的一个
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初一英语上册（北师大版）Unit 2 School life
知识点总结
一、重点词汇
· 原文再现
Are you ready for school?
准备好上学的东西了吗？
· 基本用法
adj.准备好的。如：
We are ready now.我们现在准备好了。
· 知识拓展---相关短语
1. get/be ready for 为„„ 做准备。如：
I am ready for the exam.
我准备考试。
2. get sth. ready 意为“把某物准备好”。如：
I am going to get everything ready beforehand.
我将事先把一切准备好。
3. get ready to do sth.准备好做某事。如：
After breakfast, I’ll get ready to go to work.
早饭后，我就准备去上班。【初二英语上册school,life知识点】
· 原文再现
Well, your bag is so heavy.
好的，你的书包如此重。
· 基本用法
adj. heavy 重的
The box is very heavy.
这个箱子很重。
· 知识拓展---反义词
light adj. 轻的
Bamboo is light because it is hollow.
竹子很轻， 因为它中间是空的。
· 原文再现
I can take out my English dictionary.
我可以拿出来我的英语词典。
· 基本用法
v. take 携带；带去；取出（过去式：took 过去分词：taken
第三人称单数：takes）
She takes a pencil case to school.
他带了一个铅笔盒去学校。
· 知识拓展---相关短语
1. take care of 照顾；照料。如：
Can you take care of my pet dog?
你能照顾我的宠物狗吗？
2. take out 拿出；取出。如：
Can you take out your dictionary?
你能拿出你的词典吗？
· 原文再现
I can take out my English dictionary.
我可以拿出我的英文词典。
· 基本用法
adv. out (从„„里)出来。
Shall we go and sit out?
咱们到外面坐一坐好吗？
· 知识拓展---其他词性
prep. out 向外；在外面。如：
They heard a yap and ran out of the house.
现在分词：taking
他们听见了一声狂吠就跑出了屋外。
· 基本用法
n. clothes 衣服，是衣服的总称，做主语时谓语动词用复数。
He put on his clothes in a hurry.
他急忙穿上衣服。
Your clothes fit well.
你的衣服很合身。
· 基本用法
n. direction 方向；方位
Go in this direction.
照这个方向走。
· 知识拓展
相关短语
in many directions 在许多方面
in all directions 四面八方
in the direction of pl. 朝着某个方向„„
相关单词
adj. direct 直接的；直率的，其反义词为indirect意为“间接的”。如： I’m in direct contact with the hijackers.
我与劫持者保持着直接的联系。
v. direct 对准；指挥；指示；命令。如：
He directed the building of the new bridge.
他指挥修建这座桥。
· 原文再现
Can you help me?
你能帮助我吗？
· 基本用法
v. help 帮助。如：（过去式: helped 过去分词: helped 现在分词: helping 第三人称单数: helps）
Please help me with the work in the kitchen.
请帮我做做饭。
n. 帮助
I get his help.
我得到了他的帮助。
· 知识拓展
相关句型/结构
1. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
I helped him (to) find his wallet.
我帮他找到了他丢失的钱包。
2. help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
Jim often helps me with math.
吉姆经常帮我学数学。
相关单词
adj. helpful 有帮助的，be helpful for sb.意为“对某人来说是有帮助的”。如：
It is helpful for you to read these books.
读这些书对你来说是有好处的。
· 原文再现
Can I ask you a question about our maths homework?
我可以问你一个关于数学作业的问题吗？
· 基本用法
vt. 请求；要求；询问。（过去式: asked 过去分词: asked 现在分词: asking 第三人称单数: asks）
I asked her but she didn't answer.
我问她但她不回答。
· 知识拓展---相关句型/结构
1. ask sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事。如：
My mother asks me to get some milk.
我的妈妈让我拿些牛奶。
2. ask sb. for sth. “向某人索取某物；向某人要某物”。如：
You can ask us for help.
你可以向我们寻求帮助。
· 原文再现
Can I borrow your dictionary?
我可以借你的词典吗？
· 基本用法
vt. 借；借用。（过去式: borrowed 过去分词: borrowed 现在分词: borrowing 第三人称单数: borrows）
borrow sb. sth./borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物。
Can I borrow your English dictionary?
我可以借你的英语词典吗？
· 原文再现
Can you help me carry the box?
你能帮我抬那个箱子吗？
· 基本用法
vt. 拿；提；扛（过去式: carried 过去分词: carried 现在分词: carrying 第三人称单数: carries）
She carried her baby on her back.
她把婴儿背在背上。
· 原文再现
I’m not sure the answer, let’s check our textbook.
我不太确信那个答案，让我们查查教科书。
· 基本用法