2015十三校联考英语

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2015十三校联考英语篇一:上海市十三校2015届高三第一次联考英语试题

上海十三校2015届高三调研考英语试卷

2014.12

考试时间 :120分钟 满分:150分

第I 卷(共103分)

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. $30.

B. $13.

C. $35.

D. $60.

2. A. In the florist’s. 3. A. Sorry.

B. In the post office.

B. Annoyed.

C. In a bakery.

D. At a fruit stand. D. Surprised.

C. Disappointed. B. Student and teacher.

4. A. Secretary and boss. C. Patient and nurse. 5. A. A bus driver.

C. A post office clerk. C. To sleep in bed.

D. Customer and waitress. B. An airline ticket agent.

D. A department store salesperson. B. To work in the office. D. To go shopping. D. Jim isn’t well-dressed. D. He taught himself that program. B. The man knows nothing about German. B. The man has told her about the get-together.

6. A. To go to a physical club.

7. A. Jim looks nice in his new shirt. B. Jim looks nicer in his old shirt. B. He is going to ask Dick for help.

C. Jim does not look nice in his old shirt. 8. A. He can teach her that program. C. He's busier than Dick. 9. A. The man can speak German.

C. The man can read in German. 10. A. She doesn’t like the get-together. Section B

D. The man knows both English and German. D. A get-together will be held next weekend.

C. She is ignorant of the get-together.

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. They could be used everywhere.

B. Customers had to pay for things in full.

C. They were very popular before the 1920s. D. Everyone could get this kind of credit card. 12. A. Because this card could be used at many shops. B. Because they could pay for things a little at a time. C. Because they could spend more money with credit card.

D. Because they didn't need to carry a lot of cash with them. 13. A. Part of the development of credit cards. B. How to use credit cards. C. How credit cards help businessmen.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. Exactly during the explosion.

B. When the plane was full of smoke. D. Before the engines sounded scary. B. To reach out to people around. D. To be a good father.

B. A speech on one’s air travel experience. D. A safety training for air passengers.

C. When the engines were turned off. 15. A. Never to put off anything in life. C. To see his daughter grow up.

D. The number of credit card users.

16. A. An emergency crash-landing guide. C. An introduction of an adventure novel. Section C

Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.

Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

(A)

Sports is both my work and life

Among various events organized by our company, the marathon impresses me most. The most unforgettable scene happened in my first year of work, (25) ______ I witnessed a silver-haired man in his 80s walk slowly toward the finishing line accompanied by two nurses. It was at that moment (26) ______ I was deeply moved. I realized (27) ______ marathon spirit stands for --- perseverance, willpower, self-proving and self-breakthrough.

I took part in the Nike Women's Half Marathon in Washington DC this year. It was my first half marathon. (28) ______ ______ I passed over the bridge, runners from the opposite direction gave me high fives with an unspoken understanding, allowing me to forget fatigue and regain energy instantly.

There were many times when I wanted to quit. But runners around me, as well as the spectators along the road, always encouraged me. In the last 500 meters, (29) ______ (feel) sick in the stomach because of the cold wind, I slowed my pace and intended to walk. A woman shouted at me: "Hey, you are almost there. Come on girl! You're doing a great job." What amazing power (30) ______ words had! I started to run again. And finally I made it.

Running is flesh-and-blood and not just mechanical movements. Thus, I can’t help but (31) ______ (become) more considerate about runners when organizing races. I wish to create a far (32) ______ (favorable) running environment, offer better services and help them achieve the results they expect, happily, conveniently and comfortably.

(B)

Photo hacking: sex crime

Oscar winner Jennifer Lawrence, one of dozens of actresses, models and celebrities whose images have been posted online, spoke about the photo hacking scandal for the first time on Tuesday, saying it is a crime and sexual violation.

In an interview with Vanity Fair magazine, Lawrence, 24, said she was frightened after the photos was released last month and worried about the impact it would have (33) ______ her career.

"Just because I'm an actress and public figure, does not mean that I asked for this." Lawrence, (34)______ won a best actress Academy Award, told the magazine. The star said she considered (35)______ (write) an apology but had been in a loving, four-year relationship and realized she had nothing to say sorry for.

"It's not a scandal," she said. "It's a sexual violation. The law needs to be changed, (36) ______ it?"

Lawrence had been dating British actor Nicholas Hoult but the couple are reported (37) ______ (split up) last summer.

Photos of Lawrence, model Kate Upton, actress Kirsten Dunst and other women had apparently been hacked from individual iCloud accounts and were uploaded to the image-sharing forum 4chan. The FBI said it was aware of the release of the photos and (38) ______ (address) the matter. Apple Inc admitted that certain celebrity accounts (39) ______ (offend), but the company said none of the cases (40)______ (investigate) were due to any breach (违反) in Apple's systems including iCloud or Find My iPhone.

The iCloud system lets users store photos and other content and to access it from any Apple device. Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill: the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning , he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

Parents greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.

As regards the development of standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and it the next day is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused, and insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.

A sudden of a marked difference between their parents' principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with

the word or phrase that best fits the context.

In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons. It is a very common, though normally temporary, of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important long-term relationship. In these cases, loneliness may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the withdrawal from social circles.The loss of a significant person in one's life will typically initiate a(n) response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the company of others.

Loneliness may also result from any socially disruptive (破裂的) event, such as moving from one's home town into communities leading to homesickness. Loneliness can also occur in places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to

There are many different ways used to loneliness. The first step that most doctors recommend to patients is therapy. Short term therapy typically occurs over a period of ten to twenty weeks. During therapy, emphasis is put on understanding the cause of the problem, the negative thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected. Some doctors also recommend therapy as a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system. It may take several attempts before a suitable anti-depressant medication is found. Some patients may also develop a resistance to a certain type of medication and need to periodically.

Another treatment is animal-assisted therapy. Studies and surveys indicate that the presence of animal companions such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers. Beyond the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for with other pet owners. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention there are a number of other health benefits associated with pet ownership, such as lowered blood pressure. In addition, some other alternative approaches may include exercise, dieting, etc, which many patients find have a effect on relieving symptoms. Results of a study also suggest that correcting maladaptive social cognition (认知) offers the best chance of loneliness.

Nevertheless, loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to notable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the case with poet Emily Dickinson, and numerous musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity, , it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals creative activities.

51. A. type 52. A. grief

53. A. informal 54. A. turn to 55. A. release 56. A. reversing 57. A. long-term

B. concern B. emotion B. uncertain B. interact with

B. directing B. sightseeing

C. consequence C. offence

C. relevant C. monitor C. patient

D. evidence D. horror D. unfamiliar D. share with D. treat D. pursuing D. group

C. long for C. measuring

B. observe

2015十三校联考英语篇二:上海市十三校2015届高三第二次联考英语试题含答案

2015年3月十三校联考高三英语试卷

2015.03

听力(略)

II. Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

A

Latin study can help Chinese learn English

In 1988, I went and started to learn Mandarin in Taiwan. At first it was just the mysterious Eastern culture 25.________ attracted me, but after I read on Confucianism and Taoism, I was amazed by Chinese philosophy.

In 1994, I was recommended by a friend to study with renowned philosopher Tang Yijie at Peking University as a doctoral student, 26.__________(focus) on the introduction and the spread of Christianity in China.

Learning ancient languages enables us 27. __________(communicate) with ancient wise men. When I first read The Analects of Confucius in Chinese by looking up the dictionary word by word, I felt like I was talking to them who lived some 2,500 years ago, and it gave me tremendous joy.

Nowadays, Chinese are crazy about learning English, 28. ________ many don’t know that English has been influenced by Latin in many ways, and if one wants to understand Western culture, one has to learn Latin. So I always wonder 29. __________ the Chinese are so content with superficial understanding instead of seeking the roots of the language.

I used to have a dream of building a language school 30. _____________(dedicate) to Western classical languages, 31. ___________ now still seems unrealistic, but I have opened up courses in Renmin University and Beijing Normal University, and on weekends I do public teaching at the Xishiku cathedral (大教堂) and PostWave publishing company, so my dream is being partially realized.

Besides teaching, I use my spare time writing books on classics studies and I 32. ___________(publish) more than 30 titles so far. I see my students as my children, and want to give them my best.

B

Modified food examined

Studies on genetic modification(GM) 33. ______________(mention) six times in the annual No. 1 Central Document. This year’s document is the first to propose 34. __________(spread) scientific knowledge related to the use of genetic modification.

This is a worthy move in that the authorities appear to have decided to break 35. ____________ long silence about GM technology, says Qing Chuan in an article in Rednet. cn.

For too long, opinions on genetically modified crops in China have been divided. Advocates of GM accuse opponents 36. ___________ fear mongering(兜售), while

opponents with either having been bought over by foreign seed companies, or ignoring threats to public health or national food security.

The governmental authorities have been sponsoring studies for years but 37. ________ have not talked much about the unauthorized commercialization of research achievements exposed by some reports. Occasionally, government officials have complained about the public’s ignorance and “demonization”(妖魔化) of GM technologies. Yet few of them succeeded in reassuring a worried public with 38. _______________ (convincing) explanations.

GM technologies, GM food in particular, have been unpopular thus far not because they’ve been proven unsafe, but mostly because authorities 39. ___________ not have been unnecessarily quiet, says Qing.

The public deserves to know 40. _______________ is being done and why, and such knowledge will contribute to their understanding of the issue.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can

As many sit down to enjoy plentiful holiday meals this season, it’s also a good time to note the growing problem of food waste.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, it is

41._____________ that one-third of food produced for human consumption worldwide annually is lost or wasted.

The economic and environmental implications of food loss and waste are 42. ____. More than a quarter of the world’s agricultural land is being worked to grow food that nobody eats.

What’s the difference between food loss and food waste? Waste happens toward the back end of the food chain, at the retail and consumer level. Loss, on the other hand, mostly 43. _______ at the front of the food chain—during production, post-harvest, and 44. _____ —and it’s more common in the developing world, which tends to lack the base to deliver all of its food, in 45. ______ shape, to consumers.

In developed nations, extreme-efficient farming practices, plenty of refrigeration, and first-rate transportation and storage 46. _______ that most of the food they grow makes it to the retail level. But things go rapidly south from there.

Store managers 47. ______ over-order, for fear of running out of a particular product. The British supermarket chain Tesco, for example, 48. ______ throwing out nearly 50,000 tons of food within their UK stores during the latest financial year.

Consumers are also to 49. ______. We often order too much food in restaurants without taking leftovers home. We overbuy when there is a discount for invitingly packaged food. When we store food, many of us take “use by” dates literally, and we suffer no 50. ______ for dumping eatable food into a bin.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,

B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Do you often feel tried in the morning even though you’ve been in bed for seven or eight hours the night before? Like many people, you are not sleeping as much as you think you are. _51_, your sleep efficiency is not that good.

Sleep experts _52_ “sleep efficiency” as the percentage of time that you are actually sleeping.

According to explanatory journalism website Vox.com, the science of sleep efficiency is still young. There is no _53_ number for efficiency that’s been proven as linked to poor health. However, according to a New York Times report about sleep _54_, some experts make a rough estimate of 85 percent or above as a decent place to be.

Besides avoiding caffeine intake after lunch and _55_ physical exercise before bed, here are more tips for improving sleep efficiency.

Avoid blue light at night

Short wavelength blue light, _56_ by the sun and by the screens of computers, iPads and smartphones, stops production of the sleep-stimulating hormone melatonin (褪黑激素) and makes you feel more _57_. Blue light tells your brain it’s daytime. Experts suggest turning off your computers and smartphones one hour or at least 30 minutes before bed. You can also try installing apps that can filter blue light on your _58_.

Keep a _59_ sleep schedule

Go to bed and wake up at the same time, or _60_ the same time, every day. Avoid excessive sleeping on the weekend. Consistency is the key to a good night’s sleep, especially when it comes to waking up. When you have a consistent wake-up time, your brain _61_ to this and moves through the sleep cycle in preparation for you to feel rested and alert at your wake-up time. Roughly an hour before you wake, hormone levels increase gradually (along with your body temperature and blood pressure), _62_ you to become more alert.

Take naps

One of the biggest _63_ in melatonin production happens during the 1 to 3 pm time frame, which explains why most people feel sleepy in the afternoon. If you aren’t getting enough sleep at night, you’re likely going to feel _64_ to sleep in the afternoon. When this happens, you’re better off taking a short nap (less than 30 minutes) than turning to caffeine or strong tea to keep you awake. A short nap will give you the rest you need to _65_ the rest of the afternoon, and you’ll sleep much better in the evening than if you drink caffeine or take a long afternoon nap.

51. A. By contrast B. In other words C. In conclusion D. On the contrary

52. A. treat B. serve C. work D. define

53. A. specific B. effective C. general D. precious

54. A. quantity B. absence C. quality D. advance

55. A. undertaking B. restricting C. performing D. referring

56. A. given off B. given away C. given in D. given over

57. A. sleepy B. unconscious C. exhausted D. alert

58. A. installations B. appliances C. devices D. computers

59. A. various B. distinct C. habitual D. changeable

60. A. relatively B. exactly C. gradually D. respectively

61. A. adopts B. adapts C. devotes D. dedicates

62. A. commanding B. permitting C. reminding D. causing

63. A. problems B. peaks C. advantages D. weaknesses

64. A. depressive B. accurate C. desperate D. attentive

65. A. see to B. break through C. take to D. get through

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

You will never stay the same person.

Several recent research studies show a person’s personality naturally changes over time in response to life events and most people tend to improve their personalities as they mature.

“Personality means a characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and behaving that is consistent over time and across situations,” says Christopher Soto, a research psychologist at Colby College in Maine, US., who thinks that personality is about 50 percent innate and 50 percent learned.

Psychologists usually use the Big Five personality model——the human personality can be divided into five broad categories—openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism(神经质)and extroversion(外向).

Some personality types are more successful than others. Soto says people who are more conscientious tend to do better in the workplace and school. People who score high on agreeableness and low on neuroticism tend to have more satisfying and stable relationships. Extroverts do better in social and entrepreneurial (创业)occupations.

According to Soto, even small changes in a person’s personality can produce important effects on relationships, career, health and happiness. But change takes time.

“You start by changing the behavior and then, if you can maintain that new behavior over time, it gets cultivated,” Soto says.

Where do you start? “First, we have to recognize which pieces of our personality affct us,” says Richard Levak, a well-known personality expert. “If I am always getting fired because I get into arguments with co-workers and always blame others, then I have to realize that I have to change something,” he says.

Don’t set your expectation too high. Be patient. Warren Kennaugh, a behavioral strategist in Sydney, Australia, says it’s important to start small. Identify a first step and then practice it without worrying about the primary results. “It’s like learning to kick a football, you focus on the steps, not whether it goes in the goal,” The Wall Street Journal quoted him as saying.

You should also let the people close to you know what you’re doing. “Not only can they be supportive,” Kennaugh says, “but a change for you can also mean a change for them—one they may not want or be ready for, if they aren’t told beforehand.”

66. The word “innate” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to _________________.

A. instructive B. inborn C. indifferent D. informative

67. If Steve is a successful sales manager, who always gets well along with others, he

probably has the personality model of _____________.

A. agreeableness and extroversion B. conscientiousness and neuroticism]

C. agreeableness and neuroticism D. openness and neuroticism

68. We can learn from the passage that both Soto and Kennaugh think that _________

A. adequate time and patience are needed in developing new personalities

B. when in trouble, one always needs to reflect on his own behaviors

C. one must begin with small things to cultivate new personalities

D. we are often not sure of the impact of our personalities on our life

69. What is this passage mainly about?

A. People tend to be changeable as they mature.

B. We can easily alter our personalities in a short time

C. Only those of great patience can change their personalities

D. We can our personalities with some proper strategies.

(B)

It’s often interesting to take a look at some of the lists that arrive toward the end of the year such as top devices, best gadgets, most desirable high-tech gift and more. Apart from cell phones and tablets, and Apple and Samsung products, this year many other gadgets made it on the most wanted list from Yahoo Tech and the most searched list from Bing. com. Read on to find out what they are.

Wireless headphone

Portable Bluetooth headphones represent the next evolution in headphone technology. If you have a compatible smartphone with Bluetooth, the obvious benefit is that you can get rid of the wires snaking from your backpack or pocket. Many of the wireless headphones in the market also have a built-in microphone for taking calls hands-free.

Product to buy: Beats Studio Wireless

Features: Signature look, and powerful audio performance with intense bass and high-mid boosting, plus plenty of accessories.

Price: 1898 yuan

Smartwatch

The primary advantage of a smartwatch over traditional watches is that they reduce how often you have to pull your phone out of your pocket. With it, the information on your smartphone goes straight to your wrist, and you can decide first if they are worth dealing with. Product to buy: Pebble smartwatch

Features: Understated design, with easy setup and instant information, and customizable watch faces, plus synes(同步)with Android or IOS.

Price: $99 (about 612 yuan)

Portable Bluetooth speaker

Bluetooth speakers are steadily growing in popularity because they let you take the party anywhere. They can be paired with your music device, and they are able to withstand incidental bumps. Though small in size, Bluetooth speakers provide a steady soundtrack for even the lengthiest bacchanalia (狂欢)。

Product to buy: Logitech UE Boom

2015十三校联考英语篇三:上海市十三校2015届高三第二次联考英语试题 Word版含答案【thancy3】

2015年3月十三校联考高三英语试卷

2015.03

听力(略)

II. Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

A

Latin study can help Chinese learn English

In 1988, I went and started to learn Mandarin in Taiwan. At first it was just the mysterious Eastern culture 25.________ attracted me, but after I read on Confucianism and Taoism, I was amazed by Chinese philosophy.

In 1994, I was recommended by a friend to study with renowned philosopher Tang Yijie at Peking University as a doctoral student, 26.__________(focus) on the introduction and the spread of Christianity in China.

Learning ancient languages enables us 27. __________(communicate) with ancient wise men. When I first read The Analects of Confucius in Chinese by looking up the dictionary word by word, I felt like I was talking to them who lived some 2,500 years ago, and it gave me tremendous joy.

Nowadays, Chinese are crazy about learning English, 28. ________ many don’t know that English has been influenced by Latin in many ways, and if one wants to understand Western culture, one has to learn Latin. So I always wonder 29. __________ the Chinese are so content with superficial understanding instead of seeking the roots of the language.

I used to have a dream of building a language school 30. _____________(dedicate) to Western classical languages, 31. ___________ now still seems unrealistic, but I have opened up courses in Renmin University and Beijing Normal University, and on weekends I do public teaching at the Xishiku cathedral (大教堂) and PostWave publishing company, so my dream is being partially realized.

Besides teaching, I use my spare time writing books on classics studies and I 32. ___________(publish) more than 30 titles so far. I see my students as my children, and want to give them my best.

B

Modified food examined

Studies on genetic modification(GM) 33. ______________(mention) six times in the annual No. 1 Central Document. This year’s document is the first to propose 34. __________(spread) scientific knowledge related to the use of genetic modification.

This is a worthy move in that the authorities appear to have decided to break 35. ____________ long silence about GM technology, says Qing Chuan in an article in Rednet. cn.

For too long, opinions on genetically modified crops in China have been divided.

Advocates of GM accuse opponents 36. ___________ fear mongering(兜售), while opponents with either having been bought over by foreign seed companies, or ignoring threats to public health or national food security.

The governmental authorities have been sponsoring studies for years but 37. ________ have not talked much about the unauthorized commercialization of research achievements exposed by some reports. Occasionally, government officials have complained about the public’s ignorance and “demonization”(妖魔化) of GM technologies. Yet few of them succeeded in reassuring a worried public with 38. _______________ (convincing) explanations.

GM technologies, GM food in particular, have been unpopular thus far not because they’ve been proven unsafe, but mostly because authorities 39. ___________ not have been unnecessarily quiet, says Qing.

The public deserves to know 40. _______________ is being done and why, and such knowledge will contribute to their understanding of the issue.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can

note the growing problem of food waste.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, it is

41._____________ that one-third of food produced for human consumption worldwide annually is lost or wasted.

The economic and environmental implications of food loss and waste are 42. ____. More than a quarter of the world’s agricultural land is being worked to grow food that nobody eats.

What’s the difference between food loss and food waste? Waste happens toward the back end of the food chain, at the retail and consumer level. Loss, on the other hand, mostly

43. _______ at the front of the food chain—during production, post-harvest, and 44. _____ —and it’s more common in the developing world, which tends to lack the base to deliver all of its food, in 45. ______ shape, to consumers.

In developed nations, extreme-efficient farming practices, plenty of refrigeration, and first-rate transportation and storage 46. _______ that most of the food they grow makes it to the retail level. But things go rapidly south from there.

Store managers 47. ______ over-order, for fear of running out of a particular product. The British supermarket chain Tesco, for example, 48. ______ throwing out nearly 50,000 tons of food within their UK stores during the latest financial year.

Consumers are also to 49. ______. We often order too much food in restaurants without taking leftovers home. We overbuy when there is a discount for invitingly packaged food. When we store food, many of us take “use by” dates literally, and we suffer no 50. ______ for dumping eatable food into a bin.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Do you often feel tried in the morning even though you’ve been in bed for seven or eight hours the night before? Like many people, you are not sleeping as much as you think you are. _51_, your sleep efficiency is not that good.

Sleep experts _52_ “sleep efficiency” as the percentage of time that you are actually sleeping.

According to explanatory journalism website Vox.com, the science of sleep efficiency is still young. There is no _53_ number for efficiency that’s been proven as linked to poor health. However, according to a New York Times report about sleep _54_, some experts make a rough estimate of 85 percent or above as a decent place to be.

Besides avoiding caffeine intake after lunch and _55_ physical exercise before bed, here are more tips for improving sleep efficiency.

Avoid blue light at night

Short wavelength blue light, _56_ by the sun and by the screens of computers, iPads and smartphones, stops production of the sleep-stimulating hormone melatonin (褪黑激素) and makes you feel more _57_. Blue light tells your brain it’s daytime. Experts suggest turning off your computers and smartphones one hour or at least 30 minutes before bed. You can also try installing apps that can filter blue light on your _58_.

Keep a _59_ sleep schedule

Go to bed and wake up at the same time, or _60_ the same time, every day. Avoid excessive sleeping on the weekend. Consistency is the key to a good night’s sleep, especially when it comes to waking up. When you have a consistent wake-up time, your brain _61_ to this and moves through the sleep cycle in preparation for you to feel rested and alert at your wake-up time. Roughly an hour before you wake, hormone levels increase gradually (along with your body temperature and blood pressure), _62_ you to become more alert.

Take naps

One of the biggest _63_ in melatonin production happens during the 1 to 3 pm time frame, which explains why most people feel sleepy in the afternoon. If you aren’t getting enough sleep at night, you’re likely going to feel _64_ to sleep in the afternoon. When this happens, you’re better off taking a short nap (less than 30 minutes) than turning to caffeine or strong tea to keep you awake. A short nap will give you the rest you need to _65_ the rest of the afternoon, and you’ll sleep much better in the evening than if you drink caffeine or take a long afternoon nap.

51. A. By contrast B. In other words C. In conclusion D. On the contrary

52. A. treat B. serve C. work D. define

53. A. specific B. effective C. general D. precious

54. A. quantity B. absence C. quality D. advance

55. A. undertaking B. restricting C. performing D. referring

56. A. given off B. given away C. given in D. given over

57. A. sleepy B. unconscious C. exhausted D. alert

58. A. installations B. appliances C. devices D. computers

59. A. various B. distinct C. habitual D. changeable

60. A. relatively B. exactly C. gradually D. respectively

61. A. adopts B. adapts C. devotes D. dedicates

62. A. commanding B. permitting C. reminding D. causing

63. A. problems B. peaks C. advantages D. weaknesses

64. A. depressive B. accurate C. desperate D. attentive

65. A. see to B. break through C. take to D. get through

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

You will never stay the same person.

Several recent research studies show a person’s personality naturally changes over time in response to life events and most people tend to improve their personalities as they mature.

“Personality means a characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and behaving that is consistent over time and across situations,” says Christopher Soto, a research psychologist at Colby College in Maine, US., who thinks that personality is about 50 percent innate and 50 percent learned.

Psychologists usually use the Big Five personality model——the human personality can be divided into five broad categories—openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism(神经质)and extroversion(外向).

Some personality types are more successful than others. Soto says people who are more conscientious tend to do better in the workplace and school. People who score high on agreeableness and low on neuroticism tend to have more satisfying and stable relationships. Extroverts do better in social and entrepreneurial (创业)occupations.

According to Soto, even small changes in a person’s personality can produce important effects on relationships, career, health and happiness. But change takes time.

“You start by changing the behavior and then, if you can maintain that new behavior over time, it gets cultivated,” Soto says.

Where do you start? “First, we have to recognize which pieces of our personality affct us,” says Richard Levak, a well-known personality expert. “If I am always getting fired because I get into arguments with co-workers and always blame others, then I have to realize that I have to change something,” he says.

Don’t set your expectation too high. Be patient. Warren Kennaugh, a behavioral strategist in Sydney, Australia, says it’s important to start small. Identify a first step and then practice it without worrying about the primary results. “It’s like learning to kick a football, you focus on the steps, not whether it goes in the goal,” The Wall Street Journal quoted him as saying.

You should also let the people close to you know what you’re doing. “Not only can they

be supportive,” Kennaugh says, “but a change for you can also mean a change for them—one they may not want or be ready for, if they aren’t told beforehand.”

66. The word “innate” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to _________________.

A. instructive B. inborn C. indifferent D. informative

67. If Steve is a successful sales manager, who always gets well along with others, he probably has the personality model of _____________.

A. agreeableness and extroversion B. conscientiousness and neuroticism]

C. agreeableness and neuroticism D. openness and neuroticism

68. We can learn from the passage that both Soto and Kennaugh think that _________

A. adequate time and patience are needed in developing new personalities

B. when in trouble, one always needs to reflect on his own behaviors

C. one must begin with small things to cultivate new personalities

D. we are often not sure of the impact of our personalities on our life

69. What is this passage mainly about?

A. People tend to be changeable as they mature.

B. We can easily alter our personalities in a short time

C. Only those of great patience can change their personalities

D. We can our personalities with some proper strategies.

(B)

It’s often interesting to take a look at some of the lists that arrive toward the end of the year such as top devices, best gadgets, most desirable high-tech gift and more. Apart from cell phones and tablets, and Apple and Samsung products, this year many other gadgets made it on the most wanted list from Yahoo Tech and the most searched list from Bing. com. Read on to find out what they are.

Wireless headphone

Portable Bluetooth headphones represent the next evolution in headphone technology. If you have a compatible smartphone with Bluetooth, the obvious benefit is that you can get rid of the wires snaking from your backpack or pocket. Many of the wireless headphones in the market also have a built-in microphone for taking calls hands-free.

Product to buy: Beats Studio Wireless

Features: Signature look, and powerful audio performance with intense bass and high-mid boosting, plus plenty of accessories.

Price: 1898 yuan

Smartwatch

The primary advantage of a smartwatch over traditional watches is that they reduce how often you have to pull your phone out of your pocket. With it, the information on your smartphone goes straight to your wrist, and you can decide first if they are worth dealing with.

Product to buy: Pebble smartwatch

Features: Understated design, with easy setup and instant information, and customizable watch faces, plus synes(同步)with Android or IOS.

Price: $99 (about 612 yuan)

2015十三校联考英语篇四:2015十三校联考 上海市十三校2015届高三第二次联考英语试题 Word版含答案

2015年3月十三校联考高三英语试卷

2015.03

听力(略)

II. Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

A

Latin study can help Chinese learn English

In 1988, I went and started to learn Mandarin in Taiwan. At first it was just the mysterious Eastern culture 25.________ attracted me, but after I read on Confucianism and Taoism, I was amazed by Chinese philosophy.

In 1994, I was recommended by a friend to study with renowned philosopher Tang Yijie at Peking University as a doctoral student, 26.__________(focus) on the introduction and the spread of Christianity in China.

Learning ancient languages enables us 27. __________(communicate) with ancient wise men. When I first read The Analects of Confucius in Chinese by looking up the dictionary word by word, I felt like I was talking to them who lived some 2,500 years ago, and it gave me tremendous joy.

Nowadays, Chinese are crazy about learning English, 28. ________ many don’t know that English has been influenced by Latin in many ways, and if one wants to understand Western culture, one has to learn Latin. So I always wonder 29. __________ the Chinese are so content with superficial understanding instead of seeking the roots of the language.

I used to have a dream of building a language school 30. _____________(dedicate) to Western classical languages, 31. ___________ now still seems unrealistic, but I have opened up courses in Renmin University and Beijing Normal University, and on weekends I do public teaching at the Xishiku cathedral (大教堂) and PostWave publishing company, so my dream is being partially realized.

Besides teaching, I use my spare time writing books on classics studies and I 32. ___________(publish) more than 30 titles so far. I see my students as my children, and want to give them my best.

B

Modified food examined

Studies on genetic modification(GM) 33. ______________(mention) six times in the annual No. 1 Central Document. This year’s document is the first to propose 34. __________(spread) scientific knowledge related to the use of genetic modification.

This is a worthy move in that the authorities appear to have decided to break 35. ____________ long silence about GM technology, says Qing Chuan in an article in Rednet. cn.

For too long, opinions on genetically modified crops in China have been divided.

Advocates of GM accuse opponents 36. ___________ fear mongering(兜售), while opponents with either having been bought over by foreign seed companies, or ignoring threats to public health or national food security.

The governmental authorities have been sponsoring studies for years but 37. ________ have not talked much about the unauthorized commercialization of research achievements exposed by some reports. Occasionally, government officials have complained about the public’s ignorance and “demonization”(妖魔化) of GM technologies. Yet few of them succeeded in reassuring a worried public with 38. _______________ (convincing) explanations.

GM technologies, GM food in particular, have been unpopular thus far not because they’ve been proven unsafe, but mostly because authorities 39. ___________ not have been unnecessarily quiet, says Qing.

The public deserves to know 40. _______________ is being done and why, and such knowledge will contribute to their understanding of the issue.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can

note the growing problem of food waste.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, it is

41._____________ that one-third of food produced for human consumption worldwide annually is lost or wasted.

The economic and environmental implications of food loss and waste are 42. ____. More than a quarter of the world’s agricultural land is being worked to grow food that nobody eats.

What’s the difference between food loss and food waste? Waste happens toward the back end of the food chain, at the retail and consumer level. Loss, on the other hand, mostly

43. _______ at the front of the food chain—during production, post-harvest, and 44. _____ —and it’s more common in the developing world, which tends to lack the base to deliver all of its food, in 45. ______ shape, to consumers.

In developed nations, extreme-efficient farming practices, plenty of refrigeration, and first-rate transportation and storage 46. _______ that most of the food they grow makes it to the retail level. But things go rapidly south from there.

Store managers 47. ______ over-order, for fear of running out of a particular product. The British supermarket chain Tesco, for example, 48. ______ throwing out nearly 50,000 tons of food within their UK stores during the latest financial year.

Consumers are also to 49. ______. We often order too much food in restaurants without taking leftovers home. We overbuy when there is a discount for invitingly packaged food. When we store food, many of us take “use by” dates literally, and we suffer no 50. ______ for dumping eatable food into a bin.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Do you often feel tried in the morning even though you’ve been in bed for seven or eight hours the night before? Like many people, you are not sleeping as much as you think you are. _51_, your sleep efficiency is not that good.

Sleep experts _52_ “sleep efficiency” as the percentage of time that you are actually sleeping.

According to explanatory journalism website Vox.com, the science of sleep efficiency is still young. There is no _53_ number for efficiency that’s been proven as linked to poor health. However, according to a New York Times report about sleep _54_, some experts make a rough estimate of 85 percent or above as a decent place to be.

Besides avoiding caffeine intake after lunch and _55_ physical exercise before bed, here are more tips for improving sleep efficiency.

Avoid blue light at night

Short wavelength blue light, _56_ by the sun and by the screens of computers, iPads and smartphones, stops production of the sleep-stimulating hormone melatonin (褪黑激素) and makes you feel more _57_. Blue light tells your brain it’s daytime. Experts suggest turning off your computers and smartphones one hour or at least 30 minutes before bed. You can also try installing apps that can filter blue light on your _58_.

Keep a _59_ sleep schedule

Go to bed and wake up at the same time, or _60_ the same time, every day. Avoid excessive sleeping on the weekend. Consistency is the key to a good night’s sleep, especially when it comes to waking up. When you have a consistent wake-up time, your brain _61_ to this and moves through the sleep cycle in preparation for you to feel rested and alert at your wake-up time. Roughly an hour before you wake, hormone levels increase gradually (along with your body temperature and blood pressure), _62_ you to become more alert.

Take naps

One of the biggest _63_ in melatonin production happens during the 1 to 3 pm time frame, which explains why most people feel sleepy in the afternoon. If you aren’t getting enough sleep at night, you’re likely going to feel _64_ to sleep in the afternoon. When this happens, you’re better off taking a short nap (less than 30 minutes) than turning to caffeine or strong tea to keep you awake. A short nap will give you the rest you need to _65_ the rest of the afternoon, and you’ll sleep much better in the evening than if you drink caffeine or take a long afternoon nap.

51. A. By contrast B. In other words C. In conclusion D. On the contrary

52. A. treat B. serve C. work D. define

53. A. specific B. effective C. general D. precious

54. A. quantity B. absence C. quality D. advance

55. A. undertaking B. restricting C. performing D. referring

56. A. given off B. given away C. given in D. given over

57. A. sleepy B. unconscious C. exhausted D. alert

58. A. installations B. appliances C. devices D. computers

59. A. various B. distinct C. habitual D. changeable

60. A. relatively B. exactly C. gradually D. respectively

61. A. adopts B. adapts C. devotes D. dedicates

62. A. commanding B. permitting C. reminding D. causing

63. A. problems B. peaks C. advantages D. weaknesses

64. A. depressive B. accurate C. desperate D. attentive

65. A. see to B. break through C. take to D. get through

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

You will never stay the same person.

Several recent research studies show a person’s personality naturally changes over time in response to life events and most people tend to improve their personalities as they mature.

“Personality means a characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and behaving that is consistent over time and across situations,” says Christopher Soto, a research psychologist at Colby College in Maine, US., who thinks that personality is about 50 percent innate and 50 percent learned.

Psychologists usually use the Big Five personality model——the human personality can be divided into five broad categories—openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism(神经质)and extroversion(外向).

Some personality types are more successful than others. Soto says people who are more conscientious tend to do better in the workplace and school. People who score high on agreeableness and low on neuroticism tend to have more satisfying and stable relationships. Extroverts do better in social and entrepreneurial (创业)occupations.

According to Soto, even small changes in a person’s personality can produce important effects on relationships, career, health and happiness. But change takes time.

“You start by changing the behavior and then, if you can maintain that new behavior over time, it gets cultivated,” Soto says.

Where do you start? “First, we have to recognize which pieces of our personality affct us,” says Richard Levak, a well-known personality expert. “If I am always getting fired because I get into arguments with co-workers and always blame others, then I have to realize that I have to change something,” he says.

Don’t set your expectation too high. Be patient. Warren Kennaugh, a behavioral strategist in Sydney, Australia, says it’s important to start small. Identify a first step and then practice it without worrying about the primary results. “It’s like learning to kick a football, you focus on the steps, not whether it goes in the goal,” The Wall Street Journal quoted him as saying.

You should also let the people close to you know what you’re doing. “Not only can they

be supportive,” Kennaugh says, “but a change for you can also mean a change for them—one they may not want or be ready for, if they aren’t told beforehand.”

66. The word “innate” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to _________________.

A. instructive B. inborn C. indifferent D. informative

67. If Steve is a successful sales manager, who always gets well along with others, he probably has the personality model of _____________.

A. agreeableness and extroversion B. conscientiousness and neuroticism]

C. agreeableness and neuroticism D. openness and neuroticism

68. We can learn from the passage that both Soto and Kennaugh think that _________

A. adequate time and patience are needed in developing new personalities

B. when in trouble, one always needs to reflect on his own behaviors

C. one must begin with small things to cultivate new personalities

D. we are often not sure of the impact of our personalities on our life

69. What is this passage mainly about?

A. People tend to be changeable as they mature.

B. We can easily alter our personalities in a short time

C. Only those of great patience can change their personalities

D. We can our personalities with some proper strategies.

(B)

It’s often interesting to take a look at some of the lists that arrive toward the end of the year such as top devices, best gadgets, most desirable high-tech gift and more. Apart from cell phones and tablets, and Apple and Samsung products, this year many other gadgets made it on the most wanted list from Yahoo Tech and the most searched list from Bing. com. Read on to find out what they are.

Wireless headphone

Portable Bluetooth headphones represent the next evolution in headphone technology. If you have a compatible smartphone with Bluetooth, the obvious benefit is that you can get rid of the wires snaking from your backpack or pocket. Many of the wireless headphones in the market also have a built-in microphone for taking calls hands-free.

Product to buy: Beats Studio Wireless

Features: Signature look, and powerful audio performance with intense bass and high-mid boosting, plus plenty of accessories.

Price: 1898 yuan

Smartwatch

The primary advantage of a smartwatch over traditional watches is that they reduce how often you have to pull your phone out of your pocket. With it, the information on your smartphone goes straight to your wrist, and you can decide first if they are worth dealing with.

Product to buy: Pebble smartwatch

Features: Understated design, with easy setup and instant information, and customizable watch faces, plus synes(同步)with Android or IOS.

Price: $99 (about 612 yuan)

2015十三校联考英语篇五:2015十三校联考 湖南省十三校2015届高三第一次联考 英语试卷及答案

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