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初中英语被动语态小结
一、语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如：Many people speak Chinese.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken
一般过去时：was／were＋spoken
一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken
现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken
过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken
现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken
过去完成时：had been + spoken
三、被动语态的用法
（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）
This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。
（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法
（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
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（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词） （根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。
（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：
All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are made by them in the factory.
He cut down a tree.
A tree was cut down by him.
五、含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
We can repair this watch in two days.
This watch can be repaired in two days.
They should do it at once. It should be done at once.
六、特殊情况
1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.
The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.
2.Mother never lets me watch TV .
I am never let to watch TV by mother.
3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now.
（1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.
（2）Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.
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初中英语被动语态用法小结[1]一、语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如：Many people speak Chinese.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 英语English是动词speak的承受者。
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is/are＋spoken
一般过去时：was／were＋spoken
一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken
现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken
过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken
现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken
过去完成时：had been + spoken
三、被动语态的用法
（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）
This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。
（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法
（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。
（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are made by them in the factory.
He cut down a tree.
A tree was cut down by him.
五、含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
We can repair this watch in two days.
This watch can be repaired in two days.
They should do it at once.
It should be done at once.
六、特殊情况
1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.
The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.
2.Mother never lets me watch TV .
被动语态同步达标练习】
Ⅰ .单项选择(选自各地中考题)
( )1 .The medicine______in a dry and cool place .(2000年重庆市中考题)
A .keep B .must keep C .must be kept D .must be keep
( )3 .Today ,the forests have almost gone .People must______down too many trees . (2001年安徽省中考题)
A .stop to out B .stop from cutting
C .be stopped to cut D . be stopped from cutting
( )5 .The key ______ for locking the classroom door . (2001年广西省中考题)
A .uses B .is used C .is using D .use
( )6 .A new school______over there in two years . (2001年四川省中考题)
A .may build B .may be built C .is built
( )8 .Computers are very useful .For example ,they can______sending e-mail .(电子邮件) (2001年苏州市中考题)
A .use for B .be used of C .be used for D .use of
( )9 .—What a nice garden !
—It______every day . (2000年武汉市中考题 )
A .is cleaning B .has cleaned C .must clean D .is cleaned
( )10 .This work ______next week . (2000年广西省中考题)
A .may finish B .finish C .finishes D .may be finished
( )11 .My house______in 1995 .We have lived there for nearly five years . (2000年广西省中考题)
A .was built B .has built C .is built D .were built
( )12 .The lost boy______early this morning . (2000年四川省中考题)
A .found B .was founded C .was found D .founded
( )13 .That white building______two years ago ,but it is quite old now . (2000年河北省中考题)
A .built B .was built C .is built D .builds
( )14 .The big tree______by my mother ten years ago .(2000年甘肃省中考题)
A .was planted B .planted C .has planted D .was planting【综合能力训练】 Ⅱ .用括号中动词被动结构的适当形式填空。
1 .English______widely______(use) in the world .
2 .These pictures must (keep) well .
3 .She______(fall) ill last night ,and she______(take) to the hospital at once .
4 .Now rice and wheat______(grow) in my hometown ,too .Look !The crops__________(grow) fast in the fields .
5 .The Great Wall (know) all over the world .
6 .______the street lights usually ______(turn) on at seven in summer evening ?
7 . ______this kind of car______(produce) in Wuhan ?
8 .______the doctor______(send) for last night ?
9 .We used a teapot before the thermos______(invent) .
10 .Three children______(take) good care of by the nurse .
11 .Some new houses______(build) by the villagers themselves . 12 .What language ______(speak) in Japan ?
13 .The black bike______(buy) in that shop three days ago .
14 .The doctor said Jim must ______(operate) on at once .
15 .The big tree______(blow) down in the storm last night .
【创新备考训练】
Ⅲ .将下列主动语态改为被动语态。
1 .You needn’t do it now .
2 .You must finish your homework now .
3 .We can do the work today .
8 .They founded that hospital in 1996 .
9 .Yesterday we played football after school .
10 .People all over the world know the Great Wall .
11 .He often helps his brother .
被动语态
（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如：Many people speak Chinese.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。
（二）被动语态的构成
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken
一般过去时：was／were＋spoken【九年级英语被动语态小结】
一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken
现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken
过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken
现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken
过去完成时：had been + spoken
（三）被动语态的用法
（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道是谁偷的） This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。
（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。【九年级英语被动语态小结】
This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。 （四）主动语态变被动语态的方法 （1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词） （根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。 （3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：
All the people laughed at him. → He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory. → The bikes are made by them in the factory.
He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.
（五）含有情态动词的被动语态
We can repair this watch in two days.
→This watch can be repaired in two days.
They should do it at once.
→It should be done at once.
（六）特殊情况
1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.
→The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.
2.Mother never lets me watch TV .
→I am never let to watch TV by mother.
3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now.
→（1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.
→（2）Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.
常见的句型结构：
It is(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought......）that......大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）...... It is(was)well known that......众所周知
It is(was)taken for granted that......被视为当然
It must be remembered that......务必记住......
It mustn’t be forgotten that......千万别忘记......
It is(was)said(reported，heard，told，suggested)that......据说(报道、听说、告知、建议......)
被动语态习题
1. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．
A． are not kept；will have to B． are not kept；have
C． do not keep；will have to D． do not keep；have to
2. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.
A. developed B. have developed
C. are being developed D. will have been developed
3. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．
--- Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A． I've been told B． I've told C． I'm told D． I told
4. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed
5. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut
6. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A. has been designed B. had been designed
C. was designed D. would be designed
7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.
A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken
8. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.
A. have been taken place; have been set up
B. have taken place; have been set up
C. have taken place; have set up
D. were taken place; were set up
9. That suit __ over 60 dollars.
A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost
10. --- Look! Everything here is under construction.
--- What’s the pretty small house that __ for?
A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building
11.--- Do you like the material?
--- Yes, it ___ very soft.
A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt
12. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．
A． write B． to write C． to be written D． written
13. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you．
A． to type B． typing C． to be typed D． typed
14. Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.
A. won’t wash out B. won’t be washed out
C. isn’t washed out D. isn’t washing out
15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.
A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out
16. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.
A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to
17. --- What do you think of the book?
---Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ a second time.
A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read
18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.
A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch
19. This page needed ___ again.
A. being checked B. checked C. to check D. to be checked
20. ___ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises
A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching 21 It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days.
A) designed B) has been designed
C) will be designed D) will have been designed
22 We are late. I expect the film ____by the time we get to the cinema.
A) will already have started B) would already have started
C) shall have already started D) has already been started
23 She will stop showing off if no notice____ of her.
A) is taken B) takes C) will be taken D) has taken 24 Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971.
A) is found B) has been found
C) was found D) had been found
25“Have you moved into the new flat?”“Not yet. The room____.”
A) has been painted B) is painted
C) paints D) is being painted
26 My pictures ____until next Friday.
A) won't develop B) aren't developed
C) don't develop D) won' t be developed
27 Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago.
A) had been unemployed B) was unemployed
C) has been unemployed D) has unemployed
28 A great number of colleges and universities ____since 1949.
A) has been establish B) have been established
C) have established D) had been established
29 I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we ____if we leave it here.
A) would be fined B) will be fined
C) will being fined D) will have been fined
30“____two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?”
A) They have been given B) I have been given
C) I am given D) They have given to me
31 The subject of these lectures ____by the lecture committee.
A) is announced B) have been announced
C) are announced D) has been announced
32 I found an aspirin bottle ____dropped on the floor of David's room.
A) was B) had C) had been D) is
33 The goods ____when we arrived at the airport.
A) were just unloading B) were just been unloading
C) had just unloaded D) were just being unloaded
34 If one ____by pride, he will reject useful advice and friendly assistance.
A) overcomes B) is overcome
C) has been overcome D) overcome
35 Most environment problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them ____taken in the past.
A) was not B) were not C) were not being D) had not been 36 You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator, now ____sour.
A) I smell B) it is smelt C) it smells D) it is smelling 37 After the race____, the celebration began.
A) had been won B) is won C) will be won D)has been won 38 He was here for a little while, but I don't know where she ____now.
A) is B) was C) had been D) has been
39 The young teacher has ____ competent.
A) been proved to be B) proved to be
C) been proved D) proved being
40 Pluto, the outermost planet of the solar system, ____photographically in March 1930.
A) discovered B) was discovered
C) by discovery D) when discovered
41 To get a better view of the stage, ____.
A)our seats had to be changed B) our seats were changed
C) we had to change our seats D) our seats were changed by us 42 After synthetic____, engineers had a better choice of material.
A) created B) has created
C) has been created D) had been created
43 I think much attention ____your pronunciation.
A) must be paid to B) ought to be paid to
C) must pay to D) should be paid to
44 Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts ____Vitamin C, which they believe can remedy the common cold.
被动语态
(1) 被动语态的用法：
① 不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by短语。如：
.
②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。如：
.
③ 强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。如：
注意点：
①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语：
him a dictionary.→
..→A dictionary him by his teacher. ．．
him a kite. →A kite him by his father. ．．．
②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to.
the poor man work 12 hours a day. →The poor man work 12 hours a day ．．
③“动词+…+介词”改为被动时,介词一般在原位不动。
her little brother.→The girl’s little brother by her. ．．．．
④“be+过去分词”未必表示被动语态,而可能是系表结构。
…….(系表)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……)
He was hit / knocked down / told / shot / …….(被动)(他被击中/撞倒/关照/射中……)
注意：1）感官动词主动语态的宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。一感（feel） 二听（hear, listen to）、三让（let, make, have）、四看（look at, see, watch, notice）例如：
The teacher made me go out of the classroom. --> I was made to go out of the classroom （by the teacher）.
We saw him play football on the playground. --> He was seen to play football on the playground.
2). 短语动词的被动语态 短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。：
My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. Such a thing has never been heard of before.
3). 表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成。
It is said that… 据说 It is reported that… 据报道 It is believed that… 大家相信
It is hoped that… 大家希望It is well known that… 众所周知 It is thought that… 大家认为
It is suggested that… 据建议 It is taken granted that… 被视为当然【九年级英语被动语态小结】
It has been decided that… 大家决定 It must be remember that… 务必记住的是
4). 不用被动语态的情况
1） 不及物动词或不及物动词短语，如appear, die disappear, end（vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread,
stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等没有无被动语态
（错） The price has been risen. （对） The price has risen.
（错） The accident was happened last week. 对） The accident happened last week.
（错） The price has raised.（对） The price has been raised.
（错） Please seat. （对） Please be seated.
（错） Watching TV is enjoyed by my mother. （对） My mother enjoys watching TV.
（错）A meeting will be had by us. （对）We will have a meeting.
易错点
一 主动结构表示被动意义
1 open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, burn, drive 等词作不及物动词且它们的主语为物时，可用主动语态表示被动意义。
This kind of pen writes very smoothly. This kind of shirts sell well here.
2 look, sound, taste, smell等系动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
School uniforms look good on us. The cake smells delicious.
3 want/ need/require + doing = want/ need/repair+ to be done to be done表示不定式的被动形式。
My bike needs repairing.= My bike needs to be repaired.
每五天浇花
二被动语态与系表结构的区别
This shop is closed at nine o’clock. (表示动作)
This shop is closed today. (表示状态)
This shop is _________(open) at 8 in the morning.
小练习
一、选择题
( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build
( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened
( )3.Cotton（棉花） ____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.
A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited
( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives
( )6.How many trees ____ this year?
A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted
( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done
( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.
A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used
( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known
( )10.Who _____ this book _____?
A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written
( )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.
A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us
( )12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.
A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump
( )13.The school bag ___ behind the chair.
A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put
( )14.Older people ____ well.
A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after
( )15.Our teacher ______ carefully.
A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
2.Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now．
3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？
4.The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．
5.Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．
6. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
7. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.
8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
9. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library?
10. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.
11. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already.
12. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.
13. The food _____________ (smell) delicious.
中考演练
【2014江苏无锡】— Life gets easier with the Internet.— That’s true! Almost everything ____be done on line.
A. can B. need C. must D. should
【2014湖北咸宁】—Food safety is very important. —So some rules ______to stop people from polluting food.
A．must make B．must be made C．must made D．be made
【2014江苏盐城】68. Scientists are working hard to make the dream _______(come) true.
【2014淮安1】Last March, many trees ___ along the streets to make our city more beautiful.
A. were planted B. were planting C. had planted D. planted
【2014盐城2】Shenzhou X, China’s fifth manned spacecraft, ____into space on June 11. 2013.
A. has sent B. was sent C. will send D. is sent
【2014贵州安顺】—Wow! You have a ticket to the Expo!
—lt by my uncle. He is working in Shanghai.
A. has bought B. had bought C. is bought D. was bought
【2014十堰】We are glad to hear that the terrorists __ by the brave policemen several days ago.
A. are caught B. were caught C. have been caught D. are going to be caught
【2014山东临沂】18. Three bridges ________ over the river five years ago.
A. built B. build C. were built D. are built
英语被动语态总结
一、被动语态的构成形式
1. 被动语态的基本时态变化
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：
1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时
Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.
2) has /have been done 现在完成时
All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.
3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时
A new cinema is being built here．
4) was/were done 一般过去时
I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5) had been done 过去完成时
By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.
6) was/were being done 过去进行时
A meeting was being held when I was there.
7) shall/will be done 一般将来时
Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.
8) should/would be done 过去将来时
The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）
The project will have been completed before July.
10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）
He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was
given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
4) 在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
3. 非谓语动词的被动语态
v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
I don't like being laughed at in the public.
二、 如何使用被动语态
学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。
1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短语)。
My bike was stolen last night.
2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。
I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer. 3. 为了更好地安排句子。
The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）
三、 It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有：
It is said that… 据说„„
It is reported that…据报道„„
It is believed that…大家相信„„
It is hoped that…大家希望„„
It is well known that…众所周知„„
It is thought that…大家认为„„
It is suggested that…据建议„„
It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）
四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1. 英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
This kind of cloth washes well.
注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。 试比较：The door won't lock． （指门本身有毛病）
The door won't be locked． （指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）
2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？ 3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。 Your reason sounds reasonable.
五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义 在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。
1. 在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。 2. 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）
3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
I have a lot of things to do this afternoon． (to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。) 试比较：
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