中考英语重点单词和短语用法总结

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　　中考英语重点单词和短语用法总结

　　◆1. cost / take / spend / pay 花费

　　花费时间做某事：It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time (in)doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .

　　某人花钱买某物：sb spend some money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money .

　　※ spend和pay主语都是人，cost 主语是物.

　　※ spent还可以指“度过”→ How did you spend your weekend ?

　　The sweater ________ me 90 yuan . = I _______ 90 yuan for the sweater .=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater .

　　He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone .

　　It ________ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day .

　　◆2.thanks for为…而感谢

　　⑴ ______ inviting me to your birthday party .

　　thanks to 多亏/由于

　　⑵______ your help .I got good grades .

　　◆3.感叹句:多么… what + 名词

　　how + 形容词/副词

　　⑴______ bad weather ! ⑵______ hard he works !

　　⑶______ fresh vegetables ! ⑷______ cute a monkey it is !

　　◆4.因为、由于：because(连词) +从句:(表示原因)

　　because of(介词短语) + 名词(短语 )= thanks to

　　⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache .

　　He was late for class ______ the bad weather .

　　He can’t come _____ he is ill .

　　Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather .

　　※because和 so不能同时连用 .

　　◆5.来自:be from = come from

　　⑴ Where are you from ? = Where ______ you ______ ______ ?

　　⑵ He is from Tibet . = He ______ ______ Tibet .

　　◆6.How often 对频率提问 (多久一次) →回答用表示频率的副词或短语;How long 对一段时间提问 (多久) →回答用表示一段时间的状语;How soon 对将来时间提问 (多久) →回答用 in+时间段;How far 询问多长距离(多长)

　　⑴______ have you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years .

　　⑵______ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes.

　　⑶______ will your father come back ? - In two years .

　　⑷_____ do you exercise ? - Once a week .

　　⑸_____ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles .

　　⑹_____ are you staying there ? - Two weeks .

　　◆7.乘交通工具：take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语

　　by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语

　　交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane…

　　⑴ He takes a bus to bank .= He goes to bank by bus . = He goes to bank on a bus .

　　⑵ I walk to school . = I go to school ______ .

　　※ 骑自行车、马或驴用ride：ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one’s car

　　◆8.对不起:Excuse me (劳驾，客套话);Sorry (表示道歉)

　　⑴ ______ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?

　　⑵Would you mind cleaning your room ? - ______ . I’ll do it right away .

　　⑶Don’t eat in class . - _____ . Ms Clark .

　　⑷ _____ ， is this the way to the station ?

　　◆9.声音:sound (自然界各种声音);noise(噪音);voice(悦耳的声音：嗓子)

　　⑴Lucy has a sweet ______ .

　　⑵That ______ like a good idea .

　　⑶Don’t make ______ . The baby is sleeping .

　　◆10.look like (外貌看起来像…);be like (性格像…)

　　⑴ Lily _____ _____ Lucy. Oh ， they are twins.

　　⑵ Tony ______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful.

　　◆11.take… to … 带去;bring…to …带来;fetch 没有方向性(强调来回)

　　⑴ Tony . ______ the ball here .Please .

　　⑵ My father often ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays .

　　⑶ ______ your homework _____ school tomorrow .

　　◆12. 一些： some 用于肯定句;any 用于否定句和疑问句

　　⑴ I’d like ______ milk .

　　⑵ Would you like ______ yogurt ?

　　Thanks . I don’t want ______ .

　　※ 在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some .

　　◆13. 多少：How many修饰可数名词复数;How much 修饰不可数名词

　　⑴ ______ juice do you want ? ⑵ ______ apples do you want ?

　　⑶ ______is the T-shirt ? –It’s 30 yuan .

　　※ How much可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ?

　　◆14. 看：see 强调看的结果;look (at)不及物动词，强调看的动作;watch 观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影;read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志

　　⑴ Don’t______ in bed .

　　⑵ We will ______ a basketball game this evening .

　　⑶ Please ______ the blackboard . Everyone .

　　⑷ I ______ a bird in the tree yesterday .

　　※On Saturday night . I saw an interesting talk show .

　　On Saturday evening . several kids watched a movie . watch a movie =go to a movie

　　◆15. stop doing sth 停止做某事 ;stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事

　　⑴ The girl soon stopped ______ (cry ). ⑵ He was tired and stopped ______ (have ) a rest .

　　◆16. forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作：

　　△forget / remember to do sth(忘记/记得去做某事)→ He forgot to turn off the light .(没有做关灯的动作) Remember to go to the post office after school .

　　forget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作：

　　△forget / remember doing sth(忘记/记得做过某事)→ He forgot turningoff the light .(已做过关灯的动作) Don’t you remember seeing the man before ?

　　◆17. 到达… reach + 地点

　　get to + 地点 reach = get to

　　arrive + in + 大地点

　　arrive + at + 小地点

　　⑴ He reached London yesterday . = He ______ to London yesterday . = He ______ in London yesterday .

　　⑵ She arrived ______ the bus station just now . ⑶ You should ______ (get) home on time .

　　※ 当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时，都不加介词.如：get home get there 省略 to

　　◆18. 擅长，在…方面做得好 ： be good at = do well in

　　⑴ She is good at chemistry . = She ______ ______ ______ chemistry .

　　⑵ Niuniu is good at ______ the violin . = Niuniu ______ well in ______ the violin .

　　⑶ Lucy and Lily are twin girls .Lucy is better ______ dancing than Lily .but Lily _____ ______ in singing than Lucy .

　　◆19. win (赢得)接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize

　　beat(打败、战胜)接运动员、球队、对手等.

　　⑴ Which team ______ the football match ?

　　⑵ Wang Hao ______ Ma Lin and ______ the champion of the Men’s Singles .

　　◆20. 借 borrow sth . from sb = borrow sb . sth 向某人借某物→ borrow借入

　　lend sth . to sb = lend sb . sth把某物借给某人 → lend 借出

　　keep延续性动词，与一段时间连用.

　　⑴ Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you ______ your bike ______ me ?

　　⑵ You can borrow some money ____ your brother . = You can borrow yourbrother ____ ____.

　　⑶ How long can I ______ the book ?

　　You can _____ it for two weeks .

　　※ 类似用法的还有：buy — have put on — wear become — be

　　leave — be away from open — be open begin — be on

　　die — be dead return — be back

　　① become He has ______ a doctor .

　　He has ______ a doctor for 10 years .

　　② begin The film has ______ .

　　The film has _________ for ten minutes .

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