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野性的呼唤有英文版么(篇一)
《野性的呼唤英文版》
简 介
在加利福尼亚的家里，巴克过着安逸舒适的生活。他是那儿最高大强壮的狗，地位举足轻重。他和孩子们一同散步，在水中嬉戏，冬天的时候他就坐在主人的炉火边取暖。
但是在1897年，人们在育空河发现了金矿，他们需要像巴克这样的狗。于是巴克被从家乡偷运到北方。他在那里学会了拉雪撬，在冰天雪地中日复一日地跋涉。他学会了偷食以慰饥肠，破冰取水解渴，还学会了反击来对付那些欺负他的狗。而且他学得很快。
不久巴克成为了北方所有著名的拉雪撬的狗之一。但是北部是狼群出没的森林，在那里他们对着明月长嗥。野性的呼唤在巴克的梦中回响，越来越响亮……
杰克·伦敦1876年生于旧金山，死于 1916年。他出身穷苦，在他短暂的一生中他有丰富的经历——海员、工人、育空河的淘金人、旅行家、记者和作家。他写了很多书，但是其中以《野性的呼唤》和另一本写狗的书《白芳》，最广为流传。
1 To the north
Buck did not read the newspapers． He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California． Men had found gold in the Yukon， and these men wanted big， strong dogs to work in the cold and snow of the north．
Buck lived in Mr Miller's big house in the sunny Santa Clara valley There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house， and a river nearby． In a big place like this，of course， there were many dogs There were house dogs and farm dogs， but they were not
important．Buck was chief dog；he was born here， and this was his place ．He was four years old and weighed sixty kilos ．He went
swimming with Mr Miller's sons，and walking with his daughters ．He carried the grandchildren on his back， and he sat at Mr Miller's feet in front of the fire in winter．
But this was 1897， and Buck did not know that men and dogs were hurrying to north-west Canada to look for gold．And he did not know that Manuel， one of Mr Miller's garden－ers， needed money for his large family． One day，when Mr Miller was out， Manuel and Buck left the garden together．It was just an evening walk， Buck thought．No one saw them go， and only one man saw them arrive at the railway station．This man talked to Manuel， and gave him some money ．Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck's neck．
Buck growled， and was surprised when the rope was pulled hard around his neck．He jumped at the man．The man caught him and
suddenly Buck was on his back with his tongue out of his mouth． For a few moments he was unable to move， and it was easy for the two men to put him into the train．
When Buck woke up， the train was still moving． The man was sitting and watching him， but Buck was too quick for him and he bit the man's hand hard．Then the rope was pulled again and Buck had to let go． That evening， the man took Buck to the back room of a bar in San Francisco． The barman looked at the man's hand and trousers covered in blood．
‘How much are they paying you for this？’he asked．
‘I only get fifty dollars．’
‘And the man who stole him—how much did he get？’ asked the barman．
‘A hundred． He wouldn't take less．’
‘That makes a hundred and fifty． It's a good price for a dog like him ．Here， help me to get him into this．’
They took off Buck's rope and pushed him into a wooden box． He spent the night in the box in the back room of the bar． His neck still ached with pain from the rope， and he could not understand what it all
meant ． What did they want with him， these strange men？ And where was Mr Miller？
The next day Buck was carried in the box to the railway station and put on a train
to the north．
For two days and nights the train travelled north， and for two days and nights Buck neither ate nor drank． Men on the train laughed at him and pushed sticks at him through the holes in the box． For two days and nights Buck got angrier and hungrier and thirsti-er． His eyes grew red and he bit anything that moved．
In Seattle four men took Buck to a small， high－walled back
garden， where a fat man in an old red coat was waiting． Buck was now very angry indeed and hejumped and bit at the sides of his box． The fat man smiled and went to get an axe and a club．
‘Are you going to take him out now？’ asked one of the men． ‘Of course，’ answered the fat man， and he began to break the box with his axe．
Immediately the four other men climbed up onto the wall to watch from a safe place．
As the fat man hit the box with his axe， Buck jumped at the sides， growling and biting， pulling with his teeth at the pieces of broken
wood． After a few minutes there was a hole big enough for Buck to get out． ‘ Now， come here， red eyes，’ said the fat man， dropping his axe and taking the club in his right hand．
Buck jumped at the man， sixty kilos of anger， his mouth wide open ready to bite the man's neck． Just before his teeth touched the skin， the man hit him with the club． Buck fell to the ground． It was the first time anyone had hit him with a club and he did not understand． He stood up， and jumped again． Again the club hit him and he crashed to the ground．Ten times he jumped at the man， and ten times the club hit him． Slowly he got to his feet， now only just able to stand．There was blood on his nose and mouth and ears． Then the fat man walked up and hit him again， very hard， on the nose．The pain was terrible． Again， Buck jumped at the man and again he was hit to the ground．A last time he jumped， and this time， when the man knocked him down， Buck did not move．
‘He knows how to teach a dog a lesson，’ said one of the men on the wall． Then the four men jumped down and went back to the station． ‘His name is Buck，’said the fat man to himself， reading the letter that had come with the box．‘Well， Buck， my by，’he said in a friendly voice，‘we've argued a little， and I think the best thing to do now is to stop． Be a good dog and we'll be friends． But if you're a bad dog， I'll have to use my club again．Understand？’
野性的呼唤有英文版么(篇二)
《野性的呼唤(英文版)》
1 To the northBuck did not read the newspapers． He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California． Men had found gold in the Yukon， and these men wanted big， strong dogs to work in the cold and snow of the north．Buck lived in Mr Miller's big house in the sunny Santa Clara valley There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house， and a river nearby． In a big place like this，of course， there were many dogs There were house dogs and farm dogs， but they were not important．Buck was chief dog；he was born here， and this was his place ．He was four years old and weighed sixty kilos ．He went swimming with Mr Miller's sons，and walking with his daughters ．He carried the grandchildren on his back， and he sat at Mr Miller's feet in front of the fire in winter．But this was 1897， and Buck did not know that men and dogs were hurrying to north-west Canada to look for gold．And he did not know that Manuel， one of Mr Miller's garden－ers， needed money for his large family． One day，when Mr Miller was out， Manuel and Buck left the garden together．It was just an evening walk， Buck thought．No one saw them go， and only one man saw them arrive at the railway station．This man talked to Manuel， and gave him some money ．Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck's neck．Buck growled， and was surprised when the rope was pulled hard around his neck．He jumped at the man．The man caught him and suddenly Buck was on his back with his tongue out of his mouth． For a few moments he was unable to move， and it was easy for the two men to put him into the train．When Buck woke up， the train was still moving． The man was sitting and watching him， but Buck was too quick for him and he bit the man's hand hard．Then the rope was pulled again and Buck had to let go．That evening， the man took Buck to the back room of a bar in San Francisco． The barman looked at the man's hand and trousers covered in blood．‘How much are they paying you for this？’he asked．‘I only get fifty dollars．’‘And the man who stole him—how much did he get？’ asked the barman．‘A hundred． He wouldn't take less．’‘That makes a hundred and fifty． It's a good price for a dog like him ．Here， help me to get him into this．’They took off Buck's rope and pushed him into a wooden box． He spent the night in the box in the back room of the bar． His neck still ached with pain from the rope， and he could not understand what it all meant ． What did they want with him， these strange men？ And where was Mr Miller？The next day Buck was carried in the box to the railway station and put on a trainto the north．For two days and nights the train travelled north， and for two days and nights Buck neither ate nor drank． Men on the train laughed at him and pushed sticks at him through the ho
les in the box． For two days and nights Buck got angrier and hungrier and thirsti-er． His eyes grew red and he bit anything that moved．In Seattle four men took Buck to a small， high－walled back garden， where a fat man in an old red coat was waiting． Buck was now very angry indeed and hejumped and bit at the sides of his box． The fat man smiled and went to get an axe and a club．‘Are you going to take him out now？’ asked one of the men． ‘Of course，’ answered the fat man， and he began to break the box with his axe．Immediately the four other men climbed up onto the wall to watch from a safe place．As the fat man hit the box with his axe， Buck jumped at the sides， growling and biting， pulling with his teeth at the pieces of broken wood． After a few minutes there was a hole big enough for Buck to get out． ‘ Now， come here， red eyes，’ said the fat man， dropping his axe and taking the club in his right hand．Buck jumped at the man， sixty kilos of anger， his mouth wide open ready to bite the man's neck． Just before his teeth touched the skin， the man hit him with the club． Buck fell to the ground． It was the first time anyone had hit him with a club and he did not understand． He stood up， and jumped again． Again the club hit him and he crashed to the ground．Ten times he jumped at the man， and ten times the club hit him． Slowly he got to his feet， now only just able to stand．There was blood on his nose and mouth and ears． Then the fat man walked up and hit him again， very hard， on the nose．The pain was terrible． Again， Buck jumped at the man and again he was hit to the ground．A last time he jumped， and this time， when the man knocked him down， Buck did not move．‘He knows how to teach a dog a lesson，’ said one of the men on the wall． Then the four men jumped down and went back to the station．‘His name is Buck，’said the fat man to himself， reading the letter that had come with the box．‘Well， Buck， my by，’he said in a friendly voice，‘we've argued a little， and I think the best thing to do now is to stop． Be a good dog and we'll be friends． But if you're a bad dog， I'll have to use my club again．Understand？’As he spoke， he touched Buck’ s head， and although Buck was angry inside， he did not move． When the man brought him water and meat， Buck drank and then ate the meat， piece by piece， from the man's hand．Buck was beaten（he knew that） but he was not broken． He had learnt that a man with a club was stronger than him．Every day he saw more dogs arrive， and each dog was beaten by the fat man． Buck understood that a man with a club must be obeyed， although he did not have to be a friend．Men came to see the fat man and to look at the dogs． Some-times they paid money and left with one or more of the dogs．One day a short， dark man cam
e and looked at Buck．‘That's a good dog！’ he cried．‘How much do you want for him？’‘Three hundred dollars． It's a good price， Perrault，’said the fat man．Perrault smiled and agreed that it was a good price． He knew dogs， and he knew that Buck was an excellent dog．‘One in ten thousand，’ Perrault said to himself．Buck saw money put into the fat man’ s hand， and he was not surprised when he and another dog called Curly were taken away by Perrault． He took them to a ship， and later that day Buck and Curly stood and watched the coast get further and further away．They had seen the warm south for the last time．Perrault took Buck and Curly down to the bottom of the ship． There they met another man， Francois． Perrault was a French－Canadian， but Francois was half－Indian，tall and dark．Buck learnt quickly that Perrault and Francois were fair men，calm and honest． And they knew everything about dogs．There were two other dogs on the ship．One was a big dog called Spitz， as white as snow． He was friendly to Buck at first， always smiling． He was smiling when he tried to steal Buck’ s food at the first meal． Francois was quick and hit Spitz before Buck had time to move． Buck decided that this was fair， and began to like Francois a little．Dave， the other dog， was not friendly． He wanted to be alone all the time． He ate and slept and was interested in nothing．One day was very like another， but Buck noticed that the weather was getting colder． One morning， the ship's engines stopped， and there was a feeling of excitement in the ship．Francois leashed the dogs and took them outside． At the first step Buck's feet went into something soft and white． He jumped back in surprise． The soft， white thing was also falling through the air， and it fell onto him． He tried to smell it， and then caught some on his tongue． It bit like fire， and then dis appeared． He tried again and the same thing happened． People were watching him and laughing， and Buck felt ashamed，although he did not know why． It was his first snow．2 The law of club and toothBuck's first day at Dyea Beach was terrible． Every hour there was some new， frightening surprise． There was no peace， no rest—only continual noise and movement． And every minute there was danger， because these dogs and men were not town dogs and men． They knew only the law of club and tooth．Buck had never seen dogs fight like these dogs； they were like wolves． In a few minutes he learnt this from watching Curly． She tried to make friends with a dog， a big one， al－though not as big as she was． There was no warning． The dog jumped on Curly， his teeth closed together， then he jumped away，and Curly's face was torn open from eye to mouth．Wolves fight like this，biting and jumping away，but the fight did n
ot finish then． Thirty or forty more dogs ran up and made a circle around the fight， watching silently． Curly tried to attack the dog who had bitten her； he bit her a second time， and jumped away． When she attacked him again， he knocked her backwards， and she fell on the ground． She never stood up again， because this was what the other dogs were waiting for． They moved in， and in a moment she was under a crowd of dogs．It was all very sudden． Buck saw Spitz run out from the crowd with his tongue out of his mouth， laughing． Then he saw Francois with an axe， and two or three other men with clubs jump in among the dogs． Two minutes later the last of the dogs was chased away． But Curly lay dead in the snow，her body torn almost to pieces．Curly's death often came backto Buck in his dreams． He understood that once a dog was down on the ground， he was dead He also remembered Spitz laughing， and from that moment he hated him．Then Buck had another surprise． Francois put a harness on him． Buck had seen harnesses on horses， and now he was made to work like a horse， pulling Francois on a sledge into the forest and returning with wood for the fire． Buck worked with Spitz and Dave．The two other dogs had worked in a har－ness before， and Buck learnt by watching them． He also learnt to stop and turn when Francois shouted．‘Those three are very good dogs，’Francois told Perrault．‘That Buck pulls very well， and he's learning quickly．’Perrault had important letters and official papers to take to Dawson City， so that afternoon he bought two more dogs， two brothers called Billee and Joe．Billee was very friendly， but Joe was the opposite． In the evening Perrault bought one more dog， an old dog with one eye ．His name was Sol-leks， which means The Angry One． Like Dave， he made no friends； all he wanted was to be alone．That night Buck discovered another problem． Where was he going to sleep？Francois and Perrault were in their tent， but when he went in， they shouted angrily and threw things at him．Outside it was very cold and windy． He lay down in the snow， but he was too cold to sleep．He walked around the tents trying to find the other dogs．But， to his surprise， they had disappeared． He walked around Perrault's tent，very， very cold， wondering what to do． Sud-denly， the snow under his feet fell in， and he felt something move． He jumped back， waiting for the attack， but heard on-ly a friendly bark． There， in a warm hole under the snow，was Billee．So that was what you had to do． Buck chose a place， dug himself a hole and in a minute he was warm and asleep． He slept well， although his dreams were bad．When he woke up， at first he did not know where he was．It had snowed in the night and the snow now lay thick and heavy above him． Suddenly he was afraid—the fear of a wild animal
when it is caught and cannot escape． Growling， he threw himself at the snow， and a moment later， he had jumped upwards into the daylight． He saw the tents and re－membered everything， from the time he had gone for a walk with Manuel to the moment he had dug the hole the night before． ‘What did I say？’ shouted Francois to Perrault， when he saw Buck come up out of the snow．‘That Buck learns quickly．’Perrault smiled slowly． He was carrying important papers，and he needed good dogs． He was very pleased to have Buck．They bought three more dogs that morning， and a quarter of an hour later all nine dogs were in harness and on their way up the Dyea Canyon． Buck was not sorry to be moving， and although it was hard work， he almost enjoyed it． He was also surprised to see that Dave and Sol－leks no longer looked bored and miserable．Pulling in a harness was their job， and they were happy to do it．Dave was sledge－dog， the dog nearest to the sledge．In front of him was Buck， then came Sol-leks． In front of them were the six other dogs， with Spitz as leader at the front． Francois had put Buck between Dave and Sol－leks because they could teach him the work．Buck learnt well，and they were good teachers． When Buck pulled the wrong way， Dave always bit his leg， but only lightly． Once， when they stopped， Buck got tied up in his harness， and it took ten minutes to get started again．Both Dave and Sol－leks gave him a good beating for that mistake． Buck understood， and was more careful after that．It was a hard day's journey， up the Dyea Canyon and into the mountains． They camped that night at Lake Bennett．Here there were thousands of gold miners．They were building boats to sail up the lake when the ice melted in the spring．Buck made his hole in the snow and slept well， but was woken up very early and harnessed to the sledge． The first day they had travelled on snow that had been hardened by many sledges and they covered sixty kilometres． But the next day， and for days afterwards， they were on new snow． The work was harder and they went slowly． Usually， Perrault went in front，on snowshoes， flattening the snow a little for the dogs．Francois stayed by the sledge． Sometimes the two men changed places， but there were many small lakes and rivers，and Perrault understood ice better． He always knew when the ice across a river was very thin．Day after day Buck pulled in his harness．They started in the morning before it was light， and they stopped in the evening after dark， ate a piece of fish， and went to sleep in their holes under the snow． Buck was always hungry． Francoisgave him 750 grams of dried fish a day， and it was never enough． The other dogs were given only 500 grams； they were smaller and could stay dive on less food．Buck learnt to eat quickly； if he was too slow， the other dogs stole
野性的呼唤有英文版么(篇三)
《野性的呼唤 英文版》
野性的呼唤有英文版么(篇四)
《论文野性的呼唤英文版》
Study on the Causes of Buck’s Returning the Wild
摘要：本文运用马克思主义辩证关系原理，科学地探索了巴克回归自然的内因和外因，并对人类进行了深刻的反思。淘金热是巴克转变的一个间接原因，也是一个大背景。巴克凭着先天优势在残酷的不断变化的环境中，学得了重要的生存法则，即“适者生存”。由此发现，虽然外部环境在不断变化，但巴克凭着自己的能力掌握规律，以另一种方式生存。这表明外因在一定程度上影响了事物的发展，而事物的发展是由内因决定的。
关键字：内因;外因；生存法则；适应能力。
Abstract: On the basis of Marxist dialectic, this passage makes a study on the internal and external causes of buck’s returning to the wild, and makes a reflection of human beings as well. Prevailing phenomenon of seeking gold is an indirect cause as well as a big backdrop of the time. Buck, learning against his superior advantages, learned a critical law of existence, that is, survival of the fittest. In this sense, in spite of the various environments, Buck mastered the law against his own adaptability and led a different way of life. That indicates the external causes have an effect on the development of things, while it is the internal cause that decides the final implementation of things.
Key words: external causes; internal causes; law of existence; adaptability
1.Introduction:
The call of the wild, one of the representative works, written by Jack London, reveal many realities and truths that deserve ponder and study. On the ground of Marxist dialectic, we choose to the causes, internal and external, that push Buck to return to the wild. Any implementation of phenomenon is formed by the combined effect of internal and external causes, thus, to know the process and results of development in things, finding out the reasons is necessary. At the same time, thoughts should not be confined in things themselves, but touch the lessons and experience hiding in the development of things, that is, in the call of the wild, we should see the illumination from Buck’s shift of life, and make self-reflection. In this sense, reflection on human beings being the third part of this passage, apart from external causes and internal causes.
2.External Causes
2.1 The Found of Yellow Metal
It is a direct reason that leads to Buck´s hardship. It is the found of gold that increase the demand for dogs of strong muscle and long hair, which can according make them pull sled protect them from frost. Also it is the found that offers Manuel, one of the gardener´s helpers an opportunity to reduce his debt, that is to sell Buck. Buck was betrayed and forced to begin his shift of life.
2.2.The Big Contrast in Living Conditions
Buck had lived the sun-kissed santé clara valley，where was beautiful and peaceful. “It stood back from the road, half-hidden among the trees, through which glimpses could be caught of the wide cool veranda that ran round its four sides. The house was approached by graveled drive ways which wound about through wide spreading lawns and under the interlacing boughs of tall poplars. At
the rear things were on even a more spacious scale than at the front.” .“There were great stables, where a dozen grooms and boys held forth, rows of vine-clad servants’ cottages, an endless and orderly array of outhouses , long grape arbors, green pastures, orchards, and berry patches.” And there he got well along with people, especially his little masters. “He plunged into the swimming tank or went hunting with the Judge’s sons; he escorted Mollie and Alice, the Judge’s daughters, on long twilight or early morning rambles; on wintry nights he lay at the Judge’s feet before the roaring library fire; he carried the Judge’s grandsons on his back, or rolled them in the grass, and guarded their footsteps through wild adventures down to the fountain in the stable yard, and even beyond, where the paddocks were, and the berry patches.”
Besides, he enjoyed a fine pride there, “Among the terriers, he stacked imperiously, and Toots, and Ysabel he utterly ignored for he was king-----king over all creeping, crawling, flying things of Judge Miller’s place, humans included.”
But after his leaving, he never enjoyed the happiness dignity as well as pride in high position. The snow-covered world was crude, chilly, and miserable, and Buck, as equally as other dogs, had to confronted that, and bore the pain of fresh and spirit that was beyond imagination.
“Once the sled broke through , with Dave and Buck, and were half-frozen and all but drowned by the time they were dragged out. The usual fire was necessary to save them. They were coated solidly with ice, and the two men kept them on the run around the fire, sweating and thawing, so close that they were singed by the flames.”
Not only did torture him, but also, worse, the merciless humankind who offered no adequate food, while drove the dogs to continuously proceed for miles and miles. At best, like Francois, who rubbed Buck’s soft feet and make moccasins for Buck. At least, like Mercede, who plus the weight of the sled without considering the dogs.“Again Hal’s whip fell upon the dogs. They threw themselves against the breastbands, dug their feet into the packed snow, got down low to it, and put forth all their strength. The sled held as thought it were an anchor. After two efforts, they stood still, panting. The whip was wrestling savagely.”
Furthermore Buck had to cope with the clashes occurred among huskies or between them and the invaders against their weak condition. As time went by death was not the acquaintance. “Buck staggered over against the sled, exhausted, sobbing for breath, helpless. This was Spitz’s opportunity. He sprang upon Buck, and twice his teeth sank into his unresisting foe and ripped and tore the flesh to the bone.” All the said facts gradually dig Buck’s nature out, and make him a beast step by step.
2.3 The Death of Thornton
The Death of Thornton is the most direct reason of Buck’s backing to the wild. Thornton saved buck, and buck was more than grateful for him, but loved him. Buck was content to adore at a distance. He would lie by the hour, eager, alert, at Thornton’s feet, looking up to his face, upon it studying it, following with keenest interest each fleeting expression, every moment or change of feature. Or, as chance might have it, he would lie farther away, to the side or rear, watching the
outlines of the man and the occasional movements of his body. Thornton was the very master in his ideal. And it was Buck’s love for Thornton that left the wild suspended. despite his beast impulse was in summit. “ But as often as he gained the soft unbroken earth and the green shade, the love for John Thornton drew him back to the fire again.” “Thornton alone held him. The rest of mankind was as nothing.” Therefore, when Thornton died, Buck despaired to death, and entered into the wild without any nostalgia.
3．Internal Causes
3.1. The Strain of Buck
Buck’s ancestors were wolves，known as fierce savage and crude，while in Buck’s gene，those features had been hid since his ancestors were trained by human beings. At the beginning，not only did he hatred men，but trust in them。“Buck had accept the rope with quiet dignity。To between，it was unwonted performance，but he had learned to trust in men he knew。”But that was transient，those characteristics were just hid not polished or wiped out，the subsequent series of challenge would make him recall the beast nature。”“Not only did he learn by experience，but instincts long dead become alive again. In vague ways he remembered back to the youth of thr breed，to the time the wild dogs ranged in packs through the primeval forest，and killed their meat
as they ran it clown。”“He was ranging at the head of the pack，running· the wild thing down，the living meat，to kill with his own teeth and wash his muzzle to the eyes in warm blood。”
Besides the beast nature was gradually renovated，the gene of beast never stopped manipulating Buck’s behaviors 。Buck was not so much alike as a house-dog，he went out to exerciseand built up his body，not like the common pets ，as the apanese pug and Mexican hairless who even did not put nose out of the door。“But he had saved himself by not becoming a mere pampered house-dog。Hunting and kinder outdoor delights had kept down the far and hardened his muscles ”
3.2．The Adaptability of Buck
The constant change of environment around Buck required a brilliant adaptability because in different environment ，one had to scrupulously cope with different people and dogs。Fortunately，he possessed that。
And his adaptability was demonstrated by the several lessons he acquired。Firstly，the law of club，Buck was a civilized dog with dignity，never treated by others with rude actions。He instinctively resisted，but beaten by the club hold by the person in red。After several failures ，he realized“That club was a revelation。It was his introduction to the region of primitive law。”。Secondly，the law of fang。This lesson told him to be left alone or he would be tore up ，clashes and curly was the typical example of the law。Thirdly，dig a hole for himself。Unlike the judge Miller’s place ，the snow-covered world was merciless，he was not allowed into the men’s camp 。so digging a hole was the only way to have a rest。“The day had been long and arduous ，and he slept soundly and comfortably。”Forthly ，eating quickly。This lesson protecting his poor portion from being robbed ，even making him rot other’s
food ，was very important to him。“He never had enough，and suffered from perpetual hunger pangs。Yet the other dogs，because they weighted less and were to keep in good condition 。”The last but not least ，was stealing。“This first theft marked Buck as fit to survive in the hostile Northland environment。It marked his adaptability，his capacity to adjust himself to changing conditions，the lack of which would have meant swift and terrible death。
When he became sofisticated by using those lessons，his desire being larger and larger as his beast nature being more and more clear，so that he killed Spize and replaced him，as a dog leader，even agitated the violence among dogs with clever means。His adaptability made Buck close to a real beast，step by step。
4.Reflection on Human Beings
By studying the experience of Buck, we find there are many aspects deserved to learn. Following are the illuminations that we got from Buck: Firstly, success is formed in the difficulties. The change of environment brought troubles Buck, but meanwhile forged him into a successful beast. Secondly, never loosing alert, when we living in peace. Buck is clever. He exercises to keep weight, which increases his advantages, at least over wrestling. Thirdly, adaptability is necessary. Environment surrounding us is probably to change at any time, thus, we need to adjust ourselves to the new conditions. There is certain laws existing in the development of things, so if we are able to master the law as buck did, we can survive. A famous saying by Darvine that the fittest will survive is the very explanation. Last but not least, compete against wisdom and bravery. What stressed here is that Buck is a dog, so in the world he lived battles and killing were inevitable. While human being is civilized, therefore, the means used by people should also be civilized, not bloody. If violence occupies the whole process of competition for survival, there would be no difference between men and beast.
Reference: The Call of the Wild/White Fang, 清华大学出版社
野性的呼唤有英文版么(篇五)
《野性的呼唤(中英对照已排版)》
野性的呼唤有英文版么(篇六)
《英语专业毕业论文《野性的呼唤》》
摘 要
《野性的呼唤》是杰克·伦敦的第一本畅销书，也是二十世纪早期美国最受欢迎的小说之一。这是一部使作者享誉文坛的作品，虽然它只有简单的情节但是它被看作是美国文坛的典范。文章生动地分析了杰克·伦敦作品主题的特点，那就是对人与自然冲突的描写。就《野性的呼唤》这本书来说，它的主人公巴克最终的回归行为是作者渴望自由的象征，也是在当时社会环境下受压迫人们的迫切愿望。它指出了作者的写作思想，那就是人们在与自然斗争中展示出的坚强意志。本文试图通过剖析作品的几大主题—回归自然，适者生存，社会生活的折射，抗争精神和人道主义，以揭示其主体的深刻内涵，从而探寻其长盛不衰的艺术魅力。
该篇论文深刻分析了“回归”的含义，在对原著透彻理解的基础上阐述了环境对人类的重要性，揭示了主题。
关键词： 野性的呼唤；自由；回归；
Abstract
The Call of the Wild is the first seller of Jack London, one of the best novels in the early twentieth–century America. It was this book that made its author famous in the republic of letters. Although it has a simple plot, it is considered as a classic of American literature. The article vividly analyzes the characteristics of Jack London‘s writing theme that is the description of the conflicts between nature and human. Based on The Call of the Wild，the behavior of its protagonist Buck‘s final return is the symbol of yearning for freedom of the author as well as the urgent aspiration of people who were repressed at the social circumstance of that time. It points out the author‘s writing thoughts, that human show how strong they are in their fight against nature. This thesis undertakes an attempt to dissect its themes—back to the nature, the survival of the fittest, the refraction of social life, struggles of the oppressed and humanitarianism so as to disclose the multiplicity of the theme in it.
This thesis analyzes the connotation of ―return‖ deeply. Basing on the thorough understanding of the novel, this thesis expounds the importance of environment to human beings, and reveals the theme.
Key words：The Call of the Wild; freedom; return
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 1
Chapter 2 Leaving home to the wild ............................................................................. 3
2.1 Falling into cheat and leaving home ....................................................................... 3
2.2 Unable to get away from the club ........................................................................... 3
2.3 Going into the wild ................................................................................................. 4
Chapter 3 A painful struggle .......................................................................................... 5
3.1 The initial practice .................................................................................................. 5
3.2 The tribulation of the survival................................................................................. 5
3.2.1 Following the law of the club and tooth .......................................................... 5
3.2.2 Become a leader ............................................................................................... 6
3.2.3 For the love of his benefactor .......................................................................... 7
3.3 The last choice ........................................................................................................ 8
Chapter 4 Buck’s gains ................................................................................................... 9
4.1 How to become a sledge dog .................................................................................. 9
4.2 How to live in the north .......................................................................................... 9
4.3 How to repay an obligation ................................................................................... 10
4.4 The cruel circumstance ......................................................................................... 10
Chapter 5 Conclusion ................................................................................................... 12
References ...................................................................................................................... 17
Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................... 18
Chapter 1 Introduction
The most famous novel about the animal from the American famous novelist Jack London (1876-1916) is The Call of the Wild. It is one of the masterpieces of the great American writer Jack London, and it has always been my favorite novel. It apparently is a dog‘s story. In the deep part, London makes a reflection of the real human life through Buck‘s life. He treats animals like human beings and human beings are just like animals, recognizing no essential difference between man and animal. Jack London‘s uncanny understanding of animal and human natures give this novel a striking vitality and power. After reading it, people could not help pondering over his own life and thinking about what is the real meaning of human nature that always resounds in the inner heart like the Wild appealing Buck to return to its arms. Buck‘s story in fact is a human‘s life story. Some interesting comparisons will show how amazingly similar these two worlds are, and some inspirations can be drawn from this allegoric story.
One of the characteristics of his novel lies in their themes, especially focusing on the fight between the human and the nature and his expression of respect for human‘s strong will in these fights. But his novel stands out among all this kind of human—nature conflict stories because he is clever enough to make cruel story interesting and plotting. In this novel, the whole story is based on a smart dog, Buck, which makes it fresh beyond the outlook of a dog and the common description of it. This is a story that takes place in the original wilderness of the backland snow and icebound in North America, describing a dog who named Buck to be drawn in the wave of gold rush in Alaska. He experiences various sufferings struck with soul—stirring, and be caused to remember his ancestry by instinct in the howl. Generally, the original innate wild of the wolf has revived in his deep soul. Finally, under the lure of the wolf, the wildness in the untamed nature brought to his life little by little and his social return to the nature from the civilization. Although the novel describes a dog, it gives the dog with the innate intelligence, using ―he‖ and ―they‖ to call them completely. The purpose lies in being reflected the pathetic life of the labor people in a capitalism society by the career of a dog, expressing the strong wild that they resist the exploitation and oppression and look forward to the freedom. Not only does the story tell that the hero returns to the great universe, but also it emphasizes the process that his soul returns to
the wild. Use a new writing skill to announce the topic of the returning.
This novel has 7 chapters. The launch, development and the end of the story is by the clues of the living environment and mind variety of Buck. It can be divided into four importance parts: ⑴Buck was born in Judge Miller‘s house in the sunny valley of Santa Clara in Southern and he had the comfortable life but because of the pan for gold, he was thrown into the abyss of pain and sufferings; ⑵ The difficult life after Buck become a sledge dog and the maltreatment which he was subjected and his resists; ⑶The fights between dog and dog and finally Buck acquired the master policy; ⑷ Buck ruptured the relation to the person‘s at last, and the call of the wild makes him bring his life to the untamed nature, becoming one member of wolves.
野性的呼唤有英文版么(篇七)
《野性的呼唤读书笔记全英文版 之 作者简介》
1 J ack London was born in San Francisco on January 12, 1876, the illegitimate son of Flora Wellman, the rebellious daughter of an aristocratic family, and William Chaney, a traveling astrologer who abandoned Flora when she became pregnant. Eight months after her son was born, Flora married John London, a grocer and Civil War veteran whose last name the infant took. London grew up in Oakland, and his family was mired in poverty throughout his youth. He remained in school only through the eighth grade but was a voracious reader and a frequent visitor to the Oakland Public Library, where he went about edu-cating himself and laying the groundwork for his impending literary career.
In his adolescent years, London led a rough life, spending time as a pirate in San Francisco Bay, traveling the Far East on sealing expeditions, and making his way across America as a tramp. Finally, temporarily tired of adventure, London returned to Oakland and graduated from high school. He was even admitted to the University of California at Berkeley, but he stayed only for a semester. The Klondike gold rush (in Canada’s Yukon Territory) had begun, and in 1897 London left college to seek his fortune in the snowy North.
The gold rush did not make London rich, but it furnished him with plenty of material for his career as a writer, which began in the late 1890s and continued until his death in 1916. He worked as a reporter, covering the Russo-Japanese War of 1904 and the Mexican Revolution in the 1910s; meanwhile, he published over fifty books and became, at the time, America’s most famous author. For a while, he was one of the most widely read authors in the world. He embodied, it was said, the spirit of the American West, and his portrayal of adventure and frontier life seemed like a breath of fresh air in comparison with nineteenth-century Victorian fiction, which was often overly concerned with what had begun to seem like trivial and irrelevant social norms.
The Call of the Wild, published in 1903, remains London’s most famous work, blending his experiences as a gold prospector in the Canadian wilderness with his ideas about nature and the struggle for existence. He drew these ideas from various influential figures, including Charles Darwin, an English naturalist credited with -developing theories about biological evolution, and Friedrich Nietzsche, a prominent German philosopher. Although The Call of the Wild is first and foremost a story about a dog, it displays a -philosophical depth absent in most animal adventures.
London was married twice—once in 1900, to his math tutor and friend Bess Maddern, and again in 1905, to his secretary Charmian Kittredge, whom he considered his true love. As his works soared in popularity, he became a contradictory figure, arguing for socialist principles and women’s rights even as he himself lived a materialist life of luxury, sailing the world in his boat, the Snark, and running a large ranch in northern California. Meanwhile, he preached -equality and the brotherhood of man, even as novels like The Call of the Wild celebrated violence, power, and brute force.
London died young, on November 22, 1916. He had been plagued by stomach problems and failing kidneys for years, but many have suggested that his death was a suicide. Whatever the cause, it is clear that London, who played the various roles of journalist, novelist, prospector, sailor, pirate, husband, and father, lived life to the fullest.
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