独立,句子

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篇一:《由一个独立的句子和一个或一个以上非独立的句子组成的...》

复合句

Complex Sentence

由一个独立的句子和一个或一个以上非独立的句子组成的句子称为复合句。主句是句子的主体部分,从句只作句子的一个从属部分,不能独立成句。复合句常由连词将从句和主句联系在一起。从句在主句中作什么成分就叫什么从句,例如从句作宾语就叫宾语从句。从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。

1. 主语从句

主语从句在复合句中作主语,它的作用相当于名词。引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether;连接代词who, what, which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。例如: That I was right is clear.我是对的,这很清楚。

Whether he’ll come or not has not been decided yet.他是否来还没有决定。

Who is coming to the party is unknown.谁来参加聚会,还不知道。

What he said is not true.他所说的不是真的。

Which team has won the game is not known.哪个队赢了比赛,还不知道。

When we will have the discussion depends on the teacher.我们什么时候讨论将取决于老师。 Where we will meet will be decided by you.我们什么时候见面将由你来决定。

How she got the prize is still a secret.她怎样得到的那个奖还仍然是个秘密。

Why Tom was late remains a puzzle.汤姆为什么迟到还是个谜。

2. 表语从句

表语从句在复合句中作表语,它的作用相当于名词。引导表语从句的词有连词that, whether, as if; 连接代词who, what, which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。例如: The fact is that we’re behind the others.事实是我们已经落后于别人。

The question is whether it is worth reading.问题是它是否值得一读。

He looks as if he knew nothing about it.他看起来好像对这件事一无所知。

The problem is who’ll be in charge of the class.问题是谁来负责这个班。

That’s what we want to do.这正是我们想做的。

The question is which team will play in the game.问题是哪个队将参加这场比赛。

That was when he joined the army.那是他参军的时候。

That was where I first met him.那是我第一次见到他的地方。

That was how she finished her education.那就是她怎样完成学业的。

This is why Tom cried.这就是汤姆为什么哭的原因。

3. 宾语从句

宾语从句在复合句中作及物动词或介词的宾语,常由下列一些连词引导。

(1)由连词that引导。that在从句中不充当任何句子成分,只起连接主句和从句的作用,在口语和非正式文体中可省略。例如:

She said (that) she would return the book soon.她说她很快就会还书。

He said (that) he would come here and (that) I should wait for him.

他说他会来这儿,并让我等他。

(2)由连词whether或if引导。whether或if在从句中不充当任何句子成分,只是起连接作用,但不能省略。它们的意思都是“是否”,在把句子翻译成汉语时需要译出来。例如: I wonder whether/if he’ll agree with me.我不知道他是否同意我的意见。

I don’t know whether/if he will come back this evening.我不知道他今晚是否会来。

(3)由连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what或连接副词when, where, how, why引导。连接代词或连接副词位于从句的前面,起连接主句和从句的作用。从句用陈述句语序。它们在从句中充当一个成分,并保留原有的疑问含义,把句子译成汉语时需要译出。例如: I can guess who/whom you have talked with.我可以猜出谁和你谈话了。

I know whose brother he is.我知道他是谁的兄弟。

Do you know which team lost in the game?你知道哪个队在比赛中输了吗?

Tell me what you have done.告诉我你干了什么。

We have to decided when we’ll set off.我们必须决定什么时候动身。

He wants to know where we’ll spend the holiday.他想知道我们在哪儿度假。

I wonder how he got so much money. 我想知道他是怎么搞到那么多钱的。

I can not understand why he said that again.我不明白他为什么又说那个了。

4. 定语从句

在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句需要放在所修饰词(先行词)的后面。引导定语从句的连词有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that和关系副词when, where, why等。例如:

Do you know the man who is singing now? 你认识那个正在唱歌的人吗?

He is the man (whom/that) the teacher blamed.他就是那个被老师责备的人。

I live in the room whose window faces south.我住在窗户朝南的房间。

The school which is famous here has a long history.这里有名的那所学校历史悠久。

The table that stands in the corner is made of glass.那个立在角落的桌子是玻璃制成的。 All that they had taken with them was one bottle of water.他们带的所有东西只是一瓶水。 I still remember the day when I first came here.我还记得我到这里的第一天。

This is the bridge where you took photos.这是你照相的那座桥。

This is the reason why he failed the test.这是他没通过考试的原因。

This is the room in which he once lived.这是他曾经住过的房间。

The day on which one is born is one’s birthday.某人出生的那一天是他的生日。

Last night I saw a very good film, which was about a superman.

昨晚我看了一部很好的电影,是有关超人的。

The river is wide, which a new bridge has been built over.

这条河很宽,在上面又建了一座新桥。

注意:后两句为非限制性定语从句。是先行词的附加说明,如果省去,也不影响主句的意思,它和主句之间用逗号分开,并且不能用that作连接词。

5. 同位语从句

同位语从句一般是跟在某些抽象名词(如news, fact, belief, idea, suggestion, advice等)

后面的由连词that引导的从句。与定语从句不同的是:同位语从句只是进一步阐述或说明所修饰的词的详细内容,并且只能用that作连接词。例如:

Everyone knows the fact that it is colder in winter than in summer here.

每个人都知道这个事实:这里的冬天比夏天冷。

His suggestion that we hold the meeting next week cannot be accepted.

他有关下周开会的建议不能被接受。独立,句子

6. 状语从句

复合句中起状语作用的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、比较、方式、让步等。

(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, after, before, as soon as, until等连词引导。例如: I was reading the newspaper when he called.他打电话时,我正在看报。

As they walked along, they sang happily.他们边走边高兴地唱着。

While mother was cooking, he was doing his homework.妈妈做饭时,他正在做作业。 After he left home, he went to the bookstore.离家以后,他去了书店。

Think twice before you act.三思而后行。

As soon as he came back, he began to watch TV.他一回来,就开始看电视。

I’ll wait until you have done it.我将等到你做完那件事。

(2)地点状语从句常由连词where, wherever引导。例如:

We will go where we want to go most.我们将去我们最想去的地方。

Wherever you are, you should not break the law.无论你在哪儿,你都不能违法。

(3)原因状语从句常由连词because, since, as引导。例如:

I was late because I missed the school bus.我迟到了,因为我错过了校车。

Since you are unable to answer, we should ask someone else.

既然你不能回答,我们就应该问别人。

As you are tired, you may have a rest.既然你累了,可以休息一会儿。

(4)条件状语从句常由if, unless等连词引导。例如:

I’ll be very happy if you come to the party.如果你来参加聚会,我将很高兴。

You won’t succeed unless you work hard.除非你努力,否则你不会成功。

(5)目的状语从句常由so that, in order to等连词引导。例如:

He got up early so that he might catch the bus. 他早早起床,以便赶上车。

She did the exercise carefully in order that she wouldn’t make any mistake.

她认真地做练习,为的是不出错。

(6)结果状语从句常由so that, so…that…, such … that…等连词引导。so后面接形容词或副词,such后面接名词。例如:

He had forgotten to post the letter so that he had to go out again.

他忘了寄信,所以他不得不再出去一次。

She was so sleepy that she could hardly keep her eyes open.她太困了,以至于几乎睁不开眼睛。独立,句子

It was such a fine day that we all went out to play.那天天气真好,我们都出去玩了。

(7)比较状语从句常由than, as…as, not as…as等连词引导。例如:

Peter runs faster than Tom.彼特比汤姆跑得快。

I can jump as far as you do.我能跳得和你一样高。

(8)方式状语从句常由as, as if/though等连词引导。例如:

You must do as the teacher requires.你必须按老师要求的去做。

He spoke as if/though he knew what had happened to his wife.

他讲话时似乎已经知道他的妻子发生了什么事。

(9)让步状语从句常由though/although, even if/though等连词引导。例如:

Although he is young, he knows more than others.虽然他年轻,但是他比别人懂得多。

We’ll try our best even if/though we may fail.虽然我们可能会失败,但我们将尽最大的努力。

Exercises 独立,句子

I. Turn the following sentences into complex sentences.

1. I received two gifts. I didn’t accept them.

____________________________________________________________________

2. I can’t find the person. His car is blocking the way.

____________________________________________________________________

3. That is the place. The plane crashed.

____________________________________________________________________

4. There was a time. People believed that the sun moved around the earth.

____________________________________________________________________

5. When will we have the meeting? Do you know that?

____________________________________________________________________

6. How long is the Yellow River? I often wonder.

____________________________________________________________________

7. I don’t believe that. He said that at the meeting.

____________________________________________________________________

8. I want to know it. Who has reported the news?

____________________________________________________________________

9. The newspaper carried a funny story. In the story a man often ate metals.

____________________________________________________________________

10. He asked me. Where have you been?

_____________________________________________________________________

II. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.

1. ___________________ we need more practice is quite clear.

A. If B. what C. that D. /

2. The reason I have to go is _________if I don’t.

A. that she will be disappointed B. because she will be disappointed

C. on account of her being disappointed D. that she will be disappointing

3. I wonder ________________ he asked such a silly question in public.

A. how B. what C. that D. why

4. I don’t think _________________.

A. that he came to the concert yesterday true

B. true that he came to the concert yesterday

C. it that he came to the concert yesterday true

D. it true that he came to the concert yesterday

5. She told us _________ interesting story ______________ we all laughed.

A. such …that B. such an …that

C. so … that D. so an …in order that

6. I was about to go out _______________ the phone rang.

A. when B. so C. then D. as

7. That is __________________ it has been translated into many languages.

A. what B. how C. whenever D. as

8. The reason ________________ he was absent is known to all.

A. when B. because C. why D. since

9. I can’t decided _________________ book I will take. Both of them are very good.

A. what B. that C. which D. whatever

10. The way ______________ you are doing the experiment is strange.

A. which B. in that C. what D. in which

11. ______________an English teacher, I find ___________ useful to learn to type.

A. As … that B. To… it C. To be …it D. As…it

12. The news ___________ we won the game excited us all.

A. that B. / C. where D. which

13. Mr. White, ___________ everybody likes, is going to give us a lecture.

A. whom B. what C. which D. if

14. He was born in the year ____________ the Anti-Japanese War broke out.

A. which B. when C. on which D. during which

15. It is such a beautiful city____________ everyone likes it.

A. which B. so that C. that D. and

Part Four Pick up Your Grammar

动词的时态(三)——将来时独立,句子

Verb Tenses (III)— Future Tense1一般将来时

一般将来时由“shall/will+动词原形”构成,shall只用于第一人称,will可用于所有人称。其具体用法如下:

(1)表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,经常和tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next day(week, month, year …)等表示将来的时间状语连用。例如:

We shall (will) not be free tonight.我们今天晚上没有时间。

She will be nineteen years old next month.她下个月就19岁了。

(2)表示将来经常或反复发生的动作及一种倾向性的动作。例如:

We will come to see you every Sunday.每个星期天我们都会来看你。

We will die without air and water.没有空气和水我们就会死。

(3)be going to+动词原形:只表示主观上打算和计划要做的事,表示很近的将来要发生的事。例如:

篇二:《取消句子独立性》

取消句子独立性

1、什么叫取消句子的独立性

由主语和谓语构成的句子可以独立表达一个完整的意思,如:我爱香山。但是,如果在主语与谓语之间加上一个“之”字,成了“我之爱香山”,本来意思完整的句子却变得不能单独表达完整的意思了,必须说出爱香山的理由以后才算完整了,这里的“之”的功能就是取消句子独立性。

取消句子独立性,就是让本可以独立成句的句子不能成为句子,而只能成为句子中的某一成分。特征是在主谓结构的句子中间插入一个“之”,让这个本可以成为主谓句的变成一个短语,充当句子中的各种成分。

2、取消句子独立性的主谓短语在句中可作为状语、主语或宾语。

如:①臣之壮也 ,犹不如人——《烛之武退秦师》

我壮年的时候,尚且不如人。

若为“臣壮”则是我年轻力壮,是主谓结构,可独立成句;但文中“臣之壮也”,是我壮年的时候,此时它只是作为一句话中的状语出现,不能独立成句了。

②夫专诸之刺王僚也,彗星袭月:本来“专诸刺王僚也”可以是一个独立的句子,但在这里是充当状语。

③吾妻之美我者,私我也--《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》

我的妻子认为我美,(是因为)偏爱我啊。

此处“美”和“私”都活用为动词,“美”还是形容词的意动用法,“吾妻美我”本可以构成一个主谓句,但是加了“之”,就作整句的主语了。

④父母之爱子,则为之计深远。--《触龙说赵太后》

⑤察邻国之政,无如寡人之用心者。--《寡人之于国也》。

“寡人用心”,这本来是一个可以单独成句的成分,就是说,我(寡人)用心,有主语和谓语,是可以单独做一个句子的。但是加了“之”字,就把这个本来可以单独成立的小句子,变成了“无如寡人之用心者”,这个大句子里面的一个成分(作宾语),它不再独立存在了,这就是取消了它的独立性。

比如说“王老师讲课”是一个句子,可以用句号,但如果说“王老师的讲课”,多了一个“的”,就是一个短语,而不是一个句子,就不能用句号了,虽然“的”与“之”功能不完全一样,但道理是一致的。

3、判断文言文中关于”之”是否为取消句子的独立性有这么几个做法:

A、跳读法:指读此句(一般有主语和谓语)时,不读”之”,将”之”跳过去读,如果不影响句意,则为“取独” 。

B、 判别法:结合语意和语法来判断。

下面那些之是用来取消句子独立性的 ?

A. 宋何罪之有

B. 孤之有孔明也,犹鱼之有水也

C. 曾子之妻之市,其子随而往

D. 天不为人之恶寒而辍冬

E. 大王之入关,秋毫无所害

篇三:《独立主格句子分析》

功能

独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中,其作用相当于一个状语从句,常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。例如:

表示时间

The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。 Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活,坐下来喝茶。 表示条件

The condition being favourable, he may succeed. 若条件有利,他或许能成功。

表示原因

There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车,我们只好步行。

He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得严严实实的。

表示伴随情况

Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体,而银则是最好的导体。(=Almost all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.)

独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等,相当于一个状语从句或并列句。

用作时间状语

The work done (=After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后,我们就回家了。

用作条件状语

Weather permitting (=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天气允许的话,他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。

用作原因状语

An important lecture to be given tomorrow (=As an important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up late into the night. 因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲,教授不得不熬夜到很晚。

用作伴随状语

独立,句子

He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head (=and his hands were crossed under his head).他躺在草地上,两手交叉枕在脑后。

表示补充说明

We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我们加倍努力,一个人干两个人的活。

*注:独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时,相当于一个状语从句,一般放在句首,表示原因时还可放在句末;表伴随状况或补充说明时,相当于一个并列句,通常放于句末。

1>一般独立主格形式:与主句逻辑关系松散

形式为: n. + -ed/-ing形式;n. + 不定式 ; n. + 介词短语; n. + 形容词;n. + 副词. ;

名词/主格代词+现在分词

名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系。如:

The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn't know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他,他不知道说什么好。

Time permitting (= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话,我们明天去郊游。

名词/主格代词+过去分词

名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是动宾关系。如:

The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的解决,质量已经提高了。

Her glasses broken (= Because her glasses were broken), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard. 由于眼镜摔坏了,她看不见黑板上的字。 名词/主格代词+不定式

名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主谓关系,且强调的是一次具体性的动作。如: He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help. 借助于一些旧零件,他要做一个飞机模型。

They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. 他们道别后,一个回了家,一个去了书店。

名词/主格代词+形容词

如:

An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难,无一人生还。

So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off. 这么多人缺席,会议不得不取消。

名词/主格代词+副词

如:

He put on his sweater wrong side out. 他把毛衣穿反了。

The meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结束,他们就都回家了。 名词/主格代词+介词短语

如:

The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand. 那男孩手里拿着书去教室。 Mary was sitting near the fire, her back towards the door. 玛丽靠近火炉坐着,背对着门。

2>with 引导的独立主格:与主句逻辑关系紧密

形式为: with + n. + -ed/-ing形式; with + n. +abj.; with +n. + 介词短语 3>each引导的强调型独立主格:强调句尾的复数名词

形式为:句子 + 复数名词结尾 , each + 介词短语/形容词短语/名词短语/-ing形式/-ed形式

如:

Under the restructuring, the huge organization that operates the company's basic businesses will be divided into five groups, each with its own executive.(题源:《GMAT语法全解》白勇著,Page38)

4>其他形式

There being +名词(代词)

如:

There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做,我们就回家了。

There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了,我宣布散会。

It being +名词(代词)

如:

It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故,政府机关都休息。

It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日,所有商店都关门了。

1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。

2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定 式,介词等是主谓关系。

3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

举例:

The test finished, we began our holiday.

= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.

考试结束了,我们开始放假。

The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。

Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.

如果天气允许,我们明天去看你。

This done, we went home.

工作完成后,我们才回家。

The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier. 会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家。

He came into the room, his ears red with cold.

他回到了房子里,耳朵冻坏了。

He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.

他夹着本厚书,走出了图书馆

注:独立主格结构有时可在其前加上介词with。

如:Don’t sleep with the windows open. 别开着窗睡觉。

He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。 She came in with a book in her hand. 她手里拿着一本书走了进来。 He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。

I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. 因为妈妈有病,我无法去度假。

He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。

All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。

I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服,我无法出去了。

篇四:《描写独立的好词好句好段》

    1、特立独行:特,独特;立,立身;独,独自;行,行为。也泛指特殊的,与众不同的。普遍形容人的志向高洁,不同流俗。

    2、自做主张:自己就做了决定。描写独立的好词好句好段。也含有不重视别人的意见,一意孤行的意思。

    3、高耸的山川是一道风景。它扎根于脚下的土地,又执著地向着高远的天空进发。它能够始终保持峻拔的状态,始终被人们仰望,是因为它能够摆脱一切束缚,骄傲地兀自挺立云霄。

    5、拉美国家有一句谚语:[自力更生胜过上帝的手。"一个人的成长,离不开父母的抚养,社会的哺育,老师的教导。不过,6、父母,是我们温馨的避风港;父母,是我们撒娇时的依靠;父母,是我们物质上的来源,精神上的支柱。但是,我们是否想过,有一天,父母会离我们远去,或许是我们离开父母远行,我们总有一天要学会独立。

    7、自食其力:依靠自己的能力而生活。

    8、独立自主:多指国家或政党维护主权,不受别人的控制或支配。

    9、自力更生:更生,再次获得生命,比喻振兴起来。指不依赖外力,靠自己的力量重新振作起来,把事情办好。

    10、如果我问:你是独立的个体吗?答案:毫无疑问,是的――或者应该说,你本来是的。因为,这是你最基本的人权!是这个国家这个社会,让你丧失了这个权利。蔡元培和陈寅恪两位先辈在一百年前就为我们写下了共同的指引,唯拥有独立之精神,方能自主发展,方能思想自由。而你的独立和自由,便是整个国家的独立与自由。

    11、其实,真正的安全感只能来自一个人自己的内心深处,从外界得来的安全感都是[easy e, easy go"。如果一个人缺乏觉醒的独立意识,那从外界得到的只是片刻的慰藉,无法长久,能够长久的只能是接受压榨、奴役和剥削。大到国家,小至个人,都亦如此。

    13、生活上需要独立。我们现在还没有成年,暂时不需要自己去打工养活自己,但我们最基本的独立本领就是我们能够自理,管理好自己的零用钱,自己的事情自己做,自己煮饭等等。成年后,就要懂得自力更生,自己养活自己。

    14、害怕来自独立,坚强来自独立,疯狂与惊险依然来自独立。独立,使初中生活更加丰富多彩。

    15、茕茕独立:孤身一人。形容一个人无依无靠,孤苦伶仃。

    16、当我们对父母的唠叨觉得厌烦时,我们想想,我们该独立了。父母的唠叨也是一种教诲,说明父母对你的担心,说明你还不是十分独立。独立是培养健全人格的前提,独立是培养社会责任感,懂得回报社会的表现。当我们在向父母要钱时,能主动打一张借条,也许我们就有了较强的独立意识了。当我们有一天离开父母独自去闯世界时,你就能真正体会什么叫做[独立"了。

    17、自立自强:就是靠自己的劳动生活,不依赖别人,不安于现状,勤奋,进取,依靠自己的努力不断向上。

    18、独立是我走向成功的创可贴。学会独立,才能学会爱别人、爱自己。

    19、有不少人会说:不是好事,独立一点也不好。独立不但离开了父母,还与家里所有的好朋友都分别了。只身在学校,如同一叶孤舟飘荡在广阔大海,并且生病了也没人照顾,衣服脏了也洗不干净--在那时想到的就是父母,就是家的温暖;而独立,差不多成了魔鬼的代名词。

    20、奔流的长河是一道风景。它发源于林间汩汩的清溪,又豪迈地朝着浩瀚的海洋跋涉。它在旅途中变得强壮,呼啸着穿过峭壁,壮阔地流红坦荡的平原,心平气和地一泻千里,它能够释放出让我们惊叹的伟大力量,径自去实现一个更远大的理想。

    21、鸟儿长大了,就应该学会在碧蓝的天空展翅翱翔;鱼儿长大了,就应该学会在广阔的海洋里无边畅游;人长大了,就应该学会在坎坷的道路上独立面对困难。孩子终究要离开父母,走自己的路,要想自己将来过得比上一代更精彩、更幸福、更出色,就应该从现在开始,拒绝依赖,学会独立,把独立当成自己人生中一大快乐的事。

    22、独立是夜幕中的一丝微光,虽然很淡,但也能冲破黑暗。独立是大海里的一块木板,虽然很小,但也能拯救生命。独立是烧杯内的一种催化剂,虽然很少,但也能改变速率。

    23、独立,是指自己去面对风吹雨打和各种困难。人类如果不去独立处事,在他人怀抱中生存,那么它也是一个失败者。

    24、如果不经历浪花的吹打,风帆只是一块破布;不接受大海的咆哮,小船只是一块腐木;未能品尝烈火的烘烤,钢铁只是一块石头。让我们学会成长,学会独立,学会去面对风雨的洗礼吧!

    25、在心理学上,独立意味着:一种完全不受任何强制性关系的束缚、完全没有外界控制的意识和行为状态。换句话说,没有他人的控制,不存在强制性关系的束缚,那你就不必去做自己不愿意做的事情。

    26、独当一面:单独负责一个方面的工作。

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