首页>英语考试 > 职称英语 >

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总

2012-02-15 | 职称英语 |

【www.guakaob.com--职称英语】

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总篇一：2012年职称英语精华资料下载汇总(2011版教材、真题、课件)

【报名查分】全国各省人事网网址汇总（报名查分备用）

职称英语成绩单（网友分享）

全国职称英语考试备考方案

历年职称英语考试真题试卷及答案解析word下载汇总（2002年-2011年）

全国职称英语2011年真题试卷及答案解析完整版下载(理工\综合\卫生ABC)附网友考试经验

【征集】2011年职称英语官方考试教材等资料的“失误”

【2011年理工综合卫生教材word版】

【原创】2011年全国职称英语考试真题出自教材分析(含理工综合卫生文章总目录)

职称外语小语种资料汇总

【2011年各大网校课件】

【大家网首发】2011年职称英语新东方中华等网校（押题及模拟题）汇总

若冰三尺分享2011年职称考试-综合类B级(中华会计网校基础班及冲刺班讲义音频)(新增迅雷下载)

戊子娃分享2011年职称英语新东方课件讲义及mp3

戊子娃分享2011年职称英语新东方串讲mp3+讲义

【复习资料】

孙老师职称英语神表WORD版的

（投票）职称英语词典的选择

新东方2011年职称英语（理工类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板word下载

新东方2011年职称英语（卫生类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板word下载

新东方2011年职称英语（综合类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板word下载

职称C高效阅读记单词(2009-03出版)电子书下载

职称B高效阅读记单词(2009-03出版)电子书下载

职称A高效阅读记单词(2009-03出版)电子书下载

多样式攻克职称C词汇(词性分类版)2010版电子书下载

多样式攻克职称B词汇(词性分类版)2010版电子书下载

多样式攻克职称A词汇(词性分类版)2010版电子书下载

翟裕如《职称英语高频词汇及常用法手册C级》电子书下载

翟裕如《职称英语高频词汇及常用法手册(B/A级) 》电子书下载

王霞2010版《职称英语“零”词汇阅读法与强化训练》电子书PDF下载

王霞2009版《新编职称英语辅导教程及训练-理工类》PDF下载

王霞2009版《新编职称英语辅导教程及训练-卫生类》PDF下载

王霞2009版《新编职称英语辅导教程及训练-综合类》PDF下载

高慧2010版《职称英语等级考试辅导点题讲座-理工》PDF下载

职称C高效阅读记单词(2009-03出版)电子书下载

职称B高效阅读记单词(2009-03出版)电子书下载

职称A高效阅读记单词(2009-03出版)电子书下载

天合教育职称外语考试研究中心2010版《职称英语--卫生类》 PDF下载

天合教育职称外语考试研究中心2010版《职称英语--理工类》 PDF下载

网校专用教材2009版《职称英语基础技能与要点考点》PDF下载

网校专用教材2009版《职称英语得分技巧与实战训练》PDF下载

【网校资料】职称英语高频词汇音频mp3下载（磨耳朵）

全国职称英语等级考试命题2009版《全国职称英语等级考试词汇30天突破》PDF下载

全国职称英语考试命题研究组_2009版职称英语等级考试30天突破_理工类

全国职称英语考试命题研究组_2009版职称英语等级考试30天突破_综合类

全国职称英语考试命题研究组_2009版职称英语等级考试30天突破_卫生类职称英语考试重要词汇同义词浓缩推荐打印

新东方职称英语词汇集锦（199对）word下载

职称英语考试高频词汇300例电子书下载

职称英语考点详解(共147页WORD下载)难得的好资料喔

职称英语考试教材必备词汇集锦及词汇练习

职称英语常用语法详解（共60页WORD下载）

职称英语概况大意和完成句子笔记下载

职称英语考试高频词汇通用版下载共25篇电子书下载职称英语核心词汇及记忆法汇总及下载

模拟题---

理工--

职称英语理工类词汇复习资料共12讲

职称英语（理工类AB级）精选词汇例题解析汇总及下载

职称英语考试名师推荐理工阅读题汇总及下载

职称英语理工AB级阅读判断例题精讲下载

职称英语理工类阅读理解中英文对照精选共10篇

职称英语理工AB级阅读理解精讲汇总及下载

职称英语理工类C级阅读理解复习资料汇总及下载

综合-- 职称英语综合类词汇汇总电子书下载

职称英语考试综合类C级核心词汇共64篇电子书下载

职称英语综合类阅读练习电子书汇总

卫生--

网友分享如下：

理工--

自制理工B阅读理解和完形填空字典版

完型填空只有答案型小抄－－理工类

网友分享2011年职称英语理工B\C完形填空12篇小抄版

网友分享2011年理工A完形填空小抄版出炉

网友分享2011年理工A完形15篇小抄

理工类A的阅读理解小抄整理，大家可以对照书，做好标记

根据wangxuejun7710同学提供的理工类压题材料所做的表格，与大家分享。

理工类阅读理解答案汇总(A.B.C级标题+问题+答案)打印版

综合--

网友分享2011年职称英语综合完形填空15篇（小条版）

网友分享职称英语综合类C级阅读理解和完形填空练习背诵版

根据sunruiping同学提供的压题材料所做的综合类表格，与大家分享。

卫生--

网友分享2011职称英语卫生类新增文章小条版卫生类阅读理解小条版

【2011年之前的网校课件】

网校职称英语课件下载

网校职称英语等级考试理工AB精讲班课程讲义下载

网校职称英语考试基础班讲义共20课WORD下载

网校职称英语2009年版精讲班讲义共90讲下载

孙伟1-44讲讲义

网校职称英语2009年版冲刺班讲义共26讲(共150页WORD下载)

网校2010年职称英语VIPbaoguo班课件（共20讲WORD下载）

网校职称英语2009年版习题班讲义汇总及下载

职称英语考试基础班音频课件全套讲义音频MP3（95M）

新东方职称英语课件下载

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总篇二：2012 职称英语考试理工类教材词汇汇总

2012 职称英语考试理工类教材词汇汇总

1：Call=phone=打电话 space=room=空间 at once=Immediately=马上 identify=认出、说出=name

occurred=happen=发生 complete=finish=完成 eventually=finally=最终 conversation=talk=谈话 attend=go to=参加

made up his mind=decide=打定主意 account=consideration=考虑 put up with=tolerate=忍耐 given up=abandon=放弃

seldom=rarely=很少 take out=extract=取出、抽出

2：spurred=encourage=鼓励、促进 coverage=覆盖（的区域、范围 )。此处指新闻报道的范围。 reportage=新闻报道

dimly=faintly=暗淡地、微弱地 mildly=gently=温和地、有教养地 inevitable=certain=肯定的、必然的

isolated=solitary孤立的、独居的、单个的 called off=Cancel=停止、取消 made up his mind=decide=打定主意

now and then=occasionally=时而、偶尔 finds fault with=criticize批评 grasped=take hold of=抓住、控制住

take „ into consideration=take „ into account=把„„考虑进去 tolerate=put up with=忍受 abandoned=give up=放弃

lately=recently=接近、近来

3：manual=physical身体的、体力的 harness=utilis=利用 residents=occupant=居民、住户 steadily=continuously=稳定地 remedy=cure=治疗、补救 draft=formulate=起草、设计 Practically=almost=几乎 occasionally=sometimes=有时、偶尔 try=test=试、尝试 rarely=seldom=很少、不常 readily=willingly=乐意地 extract=take out=取出、拨出 shine=polish=擦亮 decent=honest=诚实的、正派的 deadly=fatal=致命的

4：insist on=demand=坚持 damaging=harmful=有损害的 seldom=rarely=很少、不常 speeds=velocity=速度

physician=doctor=大夫 particularly=especially意思近似、表示“特别、尤其” safe=secure=安全的

branch=division=分支、分支机构 abnormal=unusual=不平常的 abundant=plentiful=丰富的 accelerate=step up=加快 accumulate=collect=收集、积聚 allocate=assign=分配、指派 childish=immature=幼稚的、不成熟的 barren=bare=贫瘠的、赤裸的、光秃的

5：appalling=dreadful=表示条件之差使人感到吃惊 anyhow=anyway achieved=attain=通过努力取得或达到某种目标

Capabilities=ability in conjunction=together with=与„„共同 credible=convincing=可信的 diligent=hardworking=勤奋的、努力的 diverse=varied=多种多样的、不同的 faulty=wrong=有错误的；有毛病的 gorgeous=magnificent=壮丽的；宏伟的 persists=continue=持续 regulate=control=控制 scattered=eparate=分散；分离 standpoint=point of view=观点；看法

touching=moving=动人的；感人的

6：immense=enormous=巨大的 accumulate=build up=积累、建立起 overtook=pass=超过、越过 advisable=wise聪明的 puzzle=mystery=谜 exhibit=show=显示 eternal=everlasting=永久的 depicts=describe=描写 operative=work=运作的 wrecked=damage=毁坏 embodies=include=包含 obscured=prevent=遮挡、挡住 restrain=prevent=阻止

Sensational=exciting=令人激动的 stroll=walk=走路；散步

7：annoying=irritating=有“使烦恼的”、“使人不愉快的”等意思 deliberately=intentionally意思相同=故意、蓄意地

vague=imprecise=模糊的 ,含糊的、不确切的、不明确的 summit=top of the mountain=指“山顶” census=count

duplicated=copy =复制 ban=forbid=表示“禁止” lawful=legal=合法的 mock=laugh at=取笑、嘲笑 motives=reason=理由 notably=particularly=尤其、特别 omitted=fail=失败；没有能够 orthodox=conventional=常见的；传统的

outrageous=unacceptable=不可接受的 scared=frightened=害怕的、受惊的

8：hailed=acclaim=表示“向„„欢呼”、“将„„拥戴为” principal organizers=planner=组织者、策划者 postulated=assume=设想；假定 extinction=die out=灭绝、绝迹 abrupt=sudden=突然的 allocated=distribute=分发、分布

Mighty=strong=强壮的 authentically=genuine=真的、真正的 eligible=entitle=给„„权利（或资格） asserted=stated firmly=宣称、断言 permitted=allow=允许 proposed=suggest=建议 regret=sorry=后悔的 relied=depend on=依靠、依赖 removed=take off=脱掉、拿下

9：an improved=better=表示“改进了的、更好的“ breaks=beat=打破 provoked=elicit=引起、诱发 gangsters=violent criminal=匪徒、歹徒、凶犯 framework=skeleton=框架、基本结构、骨架、骷髅 hazard=danger=危险；危害

lure=at traction=吸引；诱惑 packaged=compactly=密集地；浓厚地 fascinated=intrigue=使„„着迷、强烈地吸引住

probed=explore=探察；研究 settle=solve=解决 trembled=shake=摇动；颤抖 shocked=surprised=震惊的 abide=stick to=坚持；遵循 widens=broaden=变宽；扩大

10：shabby=unfair=不公正的；破旧的 uneasy=anxious =局促不安的、忧虑的、担心的 demolished=pull down=拆毁、毁掉、推翻 adverse=unfavorable=不利的、逆的 concise=short and clear=简明的 courteous=respectful=礼貌的、谦恭的 invaluable=extremely useful =无法估计的、十分宝贵的 insane=crazy exhaustive=extremely thorough=透彻的、彻底的 ingenious=clever=灵巧的、巧妙的 eligible=qualified vigorous=healthy=精力充沛的、有活力的

abided by=adhere to=服从、遵守 without bias=fairly=偏袒、偏见 terminated=put an end to=结束

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总篇三：2015年职称英语考试真题教材出处汇总

2015年职称英语考试真题教材出处汇总学派网最新推出 “2016年职称英语零基础课程" 起点低，学时多，网络直播+现场面授，为零基础学员量身打造。现在报名优惠多多！联系电话13331052890 微信 gf830110 QQ 2732398060 2332011372 郭凤老师

经过2014年职称英语考试的人想必对当年的考题改革记忆犹新，各大机构纷纷折戟，考生也深受其害。同时也对2015年职称英语考试的方向产生了迷茫。

学派网独家名师王霞联手学派英语团队，针对2014年的变化进行深入研究，调整了2015年职称英语考试的备考策略。

事实上，对于学派网来说，这一年是艰难的一年。面对各大机构的铺天盖地的针对2015年职称英语的“押题”和“密卷”，学派网坚持“依托教材，强化技巧”的备考策略，始终没有放松。我们承受了压力，经历了质疑，所幸天助自助者。套用北宋哲学家张载的一句话就是：艰难困苦，玉汝于成。学派网磨剑一年，出手必中！

2015年职称英语考试业已结束，我们在这里很荣幸地向各位宣告，2015年职称英语考试三类九个级别中，学派网五个级别全部命中！其余级别也分别命中一到两篇。学派网只用事实说话！我们相信，如果能认真听课，再配合我们的范围，通过2015年职称英语考试还是会比较轻松的。

祝各位学派学员顺利通过2015年职称英语考试。也祝所有职称英语考生好运。那些考试成绩不理想的朋友也不要气馁，学派网愿与你携手，共同战胜职称英语考试！

2015年职称英语考试真题教材出处汇总

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总篇四：2012_职称英语考试理工类_教材_词汇汇总

1：Call=phone=打电话 space=room=空间 at once=Immediately=马上 identify=认出、说出=name

occurred=happen=发生 complete=finish=完成 eventually=finally=最终 conversation=talk=谈话 attend=go to=参加

made up his mind=decide=打定主意 account=consideration=考虑 put up with=tolerate=忍耐 given up=abandon=放弃

seldom=rarely=很少 take out=extract=取出、抽出

2：spurred=encourage=鼓励、促进 coverage=覆盖（的区域、范围 )。此处指新闻报道的范围。 reportage=新闻报道

dimly=faintly=暗淡地、微弱地 mildly=gently=温和地、有教养地 inevitable=certain=肯定的、必然的 isolated=solitary孤立的、独居的、单个的 called off=Cancel=停止、取消 made up his mind=decide=打定主意

now and then=occasionally=时而、偶尔 finds fault with=criticize批评 grasped=take hold of=抓住、控制住

take „ into consideration=take „ into account=把„„考虑进去 tolerate=put up with=忍受 abandoned=give up=放弃

lately=recently=接近、近来

shine=polish=擦亮 decent=honest=诚实的、正派的 deadly=fatal=致命的

4：insist on=demand=坚持 damaging=harmful=有损害的 seldom=rarely=很少、不常 speeds=velocity=速度

physician=doctor=大夫 particularly=especially意思近似、表示“特别、尤其” safe=secure=安全的 branch=division=分支、分支机构 abnormal=unusual=不平常的 abundant=plentiful=丰富的

accelerate=step up=加快 accumulate=collect=收集、积聚 allocate=assign=分配、指派 childish=immature=幼稚的、不成熟的 barren=bare=贫瘠的、赤裸的、光秃的

5：appalling=dreadful=表示条件之差使人感到吃惊 anyhow=anyway achieved=attain=通过努力取得或达到某种目标

Sensational=exciting=令人激动的 stroll=walk=走路；散步

7：annoying=irritating=有“使烦恼的”、“使人不愉快的”等意思 deliberately=intentionally意思相同=故意、蓄意地

vague=imprecise=模糊的 ,含糊的、不确切的、不明确的 summit=top of the mountain=指“山顶” census=count

outrageous=unacceptable=不可接受的 scared=frightened=害怕的、受惊的

lure=at traction=吸引；诱惑 packaged=compactly=密集地；浓厚地 fascinated=intrigue=使„„着迷、强烈地吸引住

probed=explore=探察；研究 settle=solve=解决 trembled=shake=摇动；颤抖 shocked=surprised=震惊的 abide=stick to=坚持；遵循 widens=broaden=变宽；扩大

abided by=adhere to=服从、遵守 without bias=fairly=偏袒、偏见 terminated=put an end to=结束

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总篇五：2012年职称英语考试(理工类A)级考试真题

2012年职称英语考试(理工类A)级考试真题试题答案

一、词汇选项：

1.We almost ran into a Rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of us withoutsignaling.

A. overtook B. hit C. passed D. found

2.He shifted his position a little, in order to alleviate the pain in hisleg.

A. control B. ease C. experience D. suffer

3.Our aim was to update the health service, and we succeeded.

A. offer B. provide C. fund D. modernize

4.Every week the magazine presents the profile of a well-known sportspersonality.

A. description B. success C. evidence D. plan

5.All the flats in the building had the same layout.

A. color B. size C. function D. arrangement

6.Newborn babies can discriminate between a man‟s and a woman‟s voice.

A. treat B. express C. distinguish D. analyze

7.The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fiftymiles away.

A. hot B. heavy C. fresh D. windy

8.Nothing would induce me to vote for him again.

A. teach B. help C. attract D. discourage

9.When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn‟t resist have a peep.

A. chance B. look C.visit D. try

10.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous. A. slightly B. partly C. faintly D. completely 11.He was weary of the constant battle between them. A. fond B. proud C. tired D. afraid

12.She moves from one exotic location to another.

A. unusual B. familiar C. similar D. proper

13.He has been granted asylum in France.

A. protection B. power C.relief D. license

14.The photographs evoked memories of our

A. stored B. blocked C.erased D. refreshed

15.The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks.

A. empty B.big C. long D. new

二、阅读判断

Europa’swatery underworld

Europa, one of Jupiter‟s 63 known moons,looks bright and icy on the surface. But appearances can be deceiving: Mileswithin its cracked, frigid shell, Europa probably hides giant pools of liquidwater. Where scientists find liquid water, they hope to find life as well.

Since we can‟t go diving into Europa‟sdepths just yet, scientists instead have to investigate the moon‟s surface forclues to what lies beneath. In a new study, scientists investigated one groupof strange ice patterns on Europa and concluded that the formations mark thetop of an underground pool that holds as much water as the U.S. Great Lakes.

Pictures of Europa, which is slightlysmaller than Earth‟s moon, clearly show a tangled, icy

mishmash of lines andcracks known as “chaos terrains.” These chaotic places cover more than half ofEuropa. For more than 10 years, scientists have wondered what causes theformations. The new study suggests that they arise from the mixing of vastunderground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface.

For scientists who suspect that Europaalso may be hiding life beneath its icy surface, the news about the new lake isexciting.

“It would be great if these lakesharbored life,” Britney Schmidt, a planetary scientist who worked on the study,told Science News. “But even if they didn‟t, they say that Europa is doingsomething interesting and active right now.”

Schmidt, a scientist at the University of Texas at Austin, and her colleagueswanted to know how chaos terrains form. Since they couldn‟t rocket to Europa tosee for themselves, they searched for similar formations here on Earth. Theystudied collapsed ice shelves in Antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in Iceland. Thosefeatures on Earth formed when liquid water mixed with ice. The scientists nowsuspect something similar might be happening on Europa: that as water and iceof different temperatures mingle and shift, the surface fractures. This wouldexplain the jumbled ice sculptures.

“Fracturing catastrophically disruptsthe ice in the same way that it causes ice shelves to collapse on Earth,”Schmidt told Science News. She and her team found that the process could becausing chaos terrains to form quickly on Europa.

The new study suggests that on thismoon, elements such as oxygen from the surface blend with the deep bodies ofwater. That mixture may create an environment that supports life.

16.The liquid water of an underground pool of Europa is estimated xxxxx of the US Greatlakes.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

17.The strange ice patterns on Europa are formed as a result of a xxxxx undergroundwater pool.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

18.Europa is the most recently discovered one among Jupiter‟s

A. Right B. Wrong C. Notmention

19.The size of Europa is a bit larger than that of Earth‟s moon.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

20.Schmidt and her colleagues are the first group of scientists xxxxx Europa.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

21.The formations on Europa‟s surface are rather unique in the

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

22.The existence of liquid water is a necessity for a life-support

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

三、概括大意与完成句子

Learnabout Noble Gases（惰性气体）

1 Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many tourist spots offer balloon rides inorder for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains anoble gas called helium(氦). Formerly, balloons contained hydrogenbut hydrogen is very flammable and dangerous when uncontrolled. Therefore, peopleshifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the

propertiesof the noble gases.

2 People once believed that noble gases couldn‟t chemically react at all. Forthis reason, they were called inert gases(惰性气体). They werealso listed under Group 0 in theold periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero valence(价)electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when somenoble gas compounds were discovered.

3 Thegases are elements, which share similar properties. These properties includebeing monoatomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, andhaving low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon,Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the rightmostcolumn of the periodic table. If you look at the periodic table, you willnotice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge.Helium has the lowest molecular(分子的) weight whileRadon is the heaviest.

4 Remember that chemical reactions occurbecause atoms have valence electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell.When the outer shell is “unfilled” or the required number of electrons is notyet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell,meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This completenumber varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electronswhile the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be afew noble gases because of the low chemical reactivity of these said gases.

A. what is theperiodic table?

B. What are noblegases？

C. What causes the lowchemical reactivity of noble gases?

D. How were noblegases discovered? E. How were noblegases understood in the past? F. what are theapplications of noble gases? 5because of their properties, noble gases have many importantapplications. They are widely used in medicine and industries. For instance,liquid Helium is used for superconducting magnets(磁体).These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctorsuspects that a person‟s brain has been damaged, he might request for MagneticResonance Imaging(MRI). MRI allows the doctor to “see” the brain, withoutoperating on the patient.

23.paragraph 2__ E ___

24.paragraph 3__ B____

25.paragraph 4___C____

26.paragraph 5___F_____

27.Noble gases are not very chemicallyA

28.Among the elements of noble gases Helium is theB

29.The required number of electrons in noble gases‟ outer shell is D

30.MRI may make operating on the patientF

A. reactive

B. lightest

C. important

D. complete

E. flammable

F. unnecessary

四、阅读理解

第一篇

Gross NationalHappiness

In the last century, new technologyimproved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one countryresisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people andBuddhist(佛教)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan,however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its peoplecould not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972,a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan tobecome modern, but without losing its traditions.

King Wangchuck looked at other countriesfor ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their GrossNational Product (GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number ofproducts sold increases, people say the country is making progress. KingWangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure hiscountry‟s progress by people‟s happiness. If the people‟s happiness increased,the king could say that Bhutanwas making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measurecalled Gross National Happiness (GNH).

GNH is based on certain principles thatcreate happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, andjobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. Theyare happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally,people are happier when they have a good, stable government.

Now there is some evidence of increasedGNH in Bhutan.People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated andemployed. Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and thecountry has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear theirtraditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has alsobecome a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Althoughthe country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year.Bhutanhad political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan hasconnected to the rest of the world through television and internet.

Bhutanis a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan‟s GNH.These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. Theywant to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.

Brazilmay be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see theprinciples of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with adiverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhapsthe rest of the world will follow.

31.Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?

A. Apresident.

B. A Buddhistpriest.

C. A king.

D. A general.

32.Apart from modernizing Bhutan,what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?

A. To make itspopulation grow.

B. To keep itseparate from the world.

C. To keep its traditions and customs.

D. To encourageits people to get rich.

33.A country shows its progress with GNP by A. selling more products. B. spending moremoney. C. spending lessmoney.

D. providingmore jobs.

34.According to GNH, people are happier if they

A. have newtechnology.

B. have a good, stable government.

C. can changetheir religion.

D. have moremoney.

35.Today many countries are

A. using theprinciples of GNH to measure their progress.

B. workingtogether to develop a common scale to measure GNH.

C. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for socialprogress.

D. trying to find their own ways tomeasure happiness.

第二篇

DownloadKnowledge Directly to Your Brain

For the first time, researchers havebeen able to hack into the process of learning in the brain, using inducedbrain patterns to create a learned behavior. It‟s not quite as advanced as aninstant kung-fu download, and it‟s not as sleek as cognitive inception, butit‟s still an important finding that could lead to new teaching andrehabilitation techniques.

Future therapies could decode the brainactivity patterns of an athlete or a musician, and use them as a benchmark forteaching another person a new activity, according to the researchers.

Scientists from BostonUniversity and ATR ComputationalNeuroscience Laboratories in Kyotoused functional magnetic resonance imaging, or fMRI, to study the learningprocess. They were examining the adult brain‟s aptitude for visual perceptuallearning, or VPL, in which repetitive training improves a person‟s performanceon a particular task. Whether adults can do this as well as young people hasbeen an ongoing debate in neuroscience.

Led by BU neuroscientist Takeo Watanabe,researchers used a method called decoded fMRI neurofeedback to stimulate thevisual cortex. First they showed participants circles at differentorientations. Then they used fMRI to watch the participants‟ brain activity.The researchers were then able to train the participants to recreate thisvisual cortex activity.

The volunteers were again placed in MRImachines and asked to visualize shapes of certain colors. The participants wereasked to “somehow regulate activity in the posterior part of the brain” to makea solid green disc as large as they could. They were told they would get a paidbonus proportional to the size of this disc, but they weren‟t told anythingabout what the disc meant. The researchers watched the participants‟ brainactivity and monitored the activation patterns in their visual cortices.

“Participants can be trained to control theoverall mean activation of an entire brain region,” the study authors write,“or the activation in one region relative to that in another region.”

This worked even when test subjects werenot aware of what they were learning, the researchers said.

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总篇六：2012年职称英语等级考试真题(理工类A级)

2012年职称英语等级考试真题（理工类A级）

第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有下划线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. We A．overtook B．hit C．passed D．found

2. A．control B．ease C．experience D．suffer

3. A．offer B．provide C．fund D．modernize 4. 5. A．description B．success C．evidence D．plan A．color B．size C．function D．arrangement

D．analyze 6. Newborn babies A．treat B．express C．distinguish

7. The weather A．hot B．heavy C．fresh D．windy

8. Nothing A．teach B．help C．attract

9. A．chance B．look C．visit

C．faintly D．discourage D．try D．completely

D．afraid

D．proper

D．license

D．refreshed

D．new 10. A．slightly B．partly 11. He A．fond B．proud C．tired 12. A．unusual B．familiar 13. A．protection B．power 14. The A．stored B．blocked 15. A．empty B．big C．similar C．relief C．erased C．long

第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Europa’s watery underworld

Europa, one of Jupiter’s 63 known moons, looks bright and icy on the surface. But appearances can be deceiving: Miles within its cracked, frigid shell, Europa probably hides giant pools of liquid water. Where scientists find liquid water, they hope to find life as well.

Since we can’t go diving into Europa’s depths just yet, scientists instead have to investigate the moon’s surface for clues to what lies beneath. In a new study, scientists investigated one group of strange ice patterns on Europa and concluded that the formations mark the top of an underground pool that holds as much water as the U.S. Great Lakes.

Pictures of Europa, which is slightly smaller than Earth’s moon, clearly show a tangled, icy mishmash of lines and cracks known as “chaos terrains.” These chaotic places cover more than half of Europa. For more than 10 years, scientists have wondered what causes the formations. The new study suggests that they arise from the mixing of vast underground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface.

For scientists who suspect that Europa also may be hiding life beneath its icy surface, the news about the new lake is exciting.

“It would be great if these lakes harbored life,” Britney Schmidt, a planetary scientist who worked on the study, told Science News. “But even if they didn’t, they say that Europa is doing something interesting and active right now.”

Schmidt, a scientist at the University of Texas at Austin, and her colleagues wanted to know how chaos terrains form. Since they couldn’t rocket to Europa to see for themselves, they searched for similar formations here on Earth. They studied collapsed ice shelves in Antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in Iceland. Those features on Earth formed when liquid water mixed with ice. The scientists now suspect something similar might be happening on Europa: that as water and ice of different temperatures mingle and shift, the surface fractures. This would explain the jumbled ice sculptures.

“Fracturing catastrophically disrupts the ice in the same way that it causes ice shelves to collapse on Earth,” Schmidt told Science News. She and her team found that the process could be causing chaos terrains to form quickly on Europa.

The new study suggests that on this moon, elements such as oxygen from the surface blend with the deep bodies of water. That mixture may create an environment that supports life.

16. The liquid water of an underground pool of Europa is estimated of the US Great lakes.

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mention

17. The strange ice patterns on Europa are formed as a result of a giant underground water pool.

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mention

18. Europa is the most recently discovered one among Jupiter’s moons.

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mention

19. The size of Europa is a bit larger than that of Earth’s moon.

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mention

20. Schmidt and her colleagues are the first group of scientists discovering Europa.

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mention

21. The formations on Europa’s surface are rather unique.

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mention

22. The existence of liquid water is a necessity for a life-support.

A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mention

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Learn about Noble Gases（惰性气体）

1 Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many tourist spots offer balloon rides in order for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains a noble gas called helium（氦）. Formerly, balloons contained hydrogen but hydrogen is very flammable and dangerous when uncontrolled. Therefore, people shifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the properties of the noble gases.

2 People once believed that noble gases couldn’t chemically react at all. For this reason, they were called inert gases（惰性气体）. They were also listed under Group 0 in the old periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero valence（价）electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when some noble gas compounds were discovered.

3 The gases are elements, which share similar properties. These properties include being monoatomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, and having low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the rightmost column of the periodic table. If you look at the periodic table, you will notice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge. Helium has the lowest molecular（分子的）weight while Radon is the heaviest.

4 Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have valence electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer shell is “unfilled” or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell, meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This complete number varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electrons while the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the low chemical reactivity of these said gases.

5 because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications. They are widely used in medicine and industries. For instance, liquid Helium is used for superconducting magnets（磁体）. These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctor suspects that a person’s brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). MRI allows the doctor to “see” the brain, without operating on the patient.

23. Paragraph 24. Paragraph 25. Paragraph 26. Paragraph

27. Noble gases are not very chemically 28. Among the elements of noble gases Helium is the .

29. The required number of electrons in noble gases’ outer shell is 30. MRI may make operating on the patient .

第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇

Gross National Happiness

In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist（佛教）culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.

King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross National Product (GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country’s progress by people’s happiness. If the people’s happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness (GNH).

GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.

Now there is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.

Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.

Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.

31. Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?

A．A president. B．A Buddhist priest.

C．A king. D．A general.

32. Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?

A．To make its population grow. B．To keep it separate from the world.

C．To keep its traditions and customs. D．To encourage its people to get rich.

33. A country shows its progress with GNP by

A．selling more products. B．spending more money.

C．spending less money. D．providing more jobs.

34. According to GNH, people are happier if they

A．have new technology. B．have a good, stable government.

C．can change their religion. D．have more money.

35. Today many countries are

A．using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.

B．working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.

C．taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress.

D．trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.

第二篇

Download Knowledge Directly to Your Brain

For the first time, researchers have been able to hack into the process of learning in the brain, using induced brain patterns to create a learned behavior. It’s not quite as advanced as an instant

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总篇七：2012年职称英语理工类A级考试真题及答案

一、词汇选项：

1.We almost ran into a Rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of us withoutsignaling. A. overtook B. hit C. passed

D. found

2.He shifted his position a little, in order to alleviate the pain in hisleg.

A. control

B. ease

C. experience

D. suffer

3.Our aim was to update the health service, and we succeeded.

A. offer

B. provide

C. fund

D. modernize

4.Every week the magazine presents the profile of a well-known sportspersonality.

A. description

B. success

C. evidence

D. plan

5.All the flats in the building had the same layout. A. color B. size C. function

D. arrangement

6.Newborn babies can discriminate between a man’s and a woman’s voice.

A. treat

B. express

C. distinguish

D. analyze

7.The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fiftymiles away.

A. hot

B. heavy

C. fresh

D. windy

8.Nothing would induce me to vote for him again.

A. teach

B. help

C. attract

D. discourage

9.When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn’t resist have a peep.

A. chance

B. look

C.visit

D. try 10.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous. A. slightly B. partly

C. faintly

D. completely

11.He was weary of the constant battle between them.

A. fond

B. proud

C. tired

D. afraid

12.She moves from one exotic location to another.

A. unusual

B. familiar

C. similar

D. proper

13.He has been granted asylum in France.

A. protection

B. power

C.relief

D. license 14.The photographs evoked memories of our A. stored B. blocked

C.erased

D. refreshed

15.The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks.

A. empty

B.big

C. long

D. new二、阅读判断

Europa’swatery underworld

Europa, one of Jupiter’s 63 known moons,looks bright and icy on the surface. But appearances can be deceiving: Mileswithin its cracked, frigid shell, Europa probably hides giant pools of liquidwater. Where scientists find liquid water, they hope to find life as well.

Since we can’t go diving into Europa’sdepths just yet, scientists instead have to investigate the moon’s surface forclues to what lies beneath. In a new study, scientists investigated one groupof strange ice patterns on Europa and concluded that the formations mark thetop of an underground pool that holds as much water as the U.S. Great Lakes.

Pictures of Europa, which is slightlysmaller than Earth’s moon, clearly show a tangled, icy mishmash of lines andcracks known as “chaos terrains.” These chaotic places cover more than

half ofEuropa. For more than 10 years, scientists have wondered what causes theformations. The new study suggests that they arise from the mixing of vastunderground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface.

For scientists who suspect that Europaalso may be hiding life beneath its icy surface, the news about the new lake isexciting.

“It would be great if these lakesharbored life,” Britney Schmidt, a planetary scientist who worked on the study,told Science News. “But even if they didn’t, they say that Europa is doingsomething interesting and active right now.”

Schmidt, a scientist at the University of Texas at Austin, and her colleagueswanted to know how chaos terrains form. Since they couldn’t rocket to Europa tosee for themselves, they searched for similar formations here on Earth. Theystudied collapsed ice shelves in Antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in Iceland. Thosefeatures on Earth formed when liquid water mixed with ice. The scientists nowsuspect something similar might be happening on Europa: that as water and iceof different temperatures mingle and shift, the surface fractures. This wouldexplain the jumbled ice sculptures.

The new study suggests that on thismoon, elements such as oxygen from the surface blend with the deep bodies ofwater. That mixture may create an environment that supports life.

16.The liquid water of an underground pool of Europa is estimated xxxxx of the US Greatlakes.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mention

17.The strange ice patterns on Europa are formed as a result of a xxxxx undergroundwater pool.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mention

18.Europa is the most recently discovered one among Jupiter’s

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Notmention

19.The size of Europa is a bit larger than that of Earth’s moon.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mention

20.Schmidt and her colleagues are the first group of scientists xxxxx Europa.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mention

21.The formations on Europa’s surface are rather unique in the

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mention 22.The existence of liquid water is a necessity for a life-support A. Right B. Wrong

C. Not mention

三、概括大意与完成句子

Learnabout Noble Gases（惰性气体）

2 People once believed that noble gases couldn’t chemically react at all. Forthis reason, they were called inert gases(惰性气体). They werealso listed under Group 0 in theold periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero valence(价)electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when somenoble gas compounds were discovered.

A. what is theperiodic table?

B. What are noblegases？

C. What causes the lowchemical reactivity of noble gases?

D. How were noblegases discovered?

E. How were noblegases understood in the past?

F. what are theapplications of noble gases?

5because of their properties, noble gases have many importantapplications. They are widely used in medicine and industries. For instance,liquid Helium is used for superconducting magnets(磁体).These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctorsuspects that a person’s brain has been damaged, he might request for MagneticResonance Imaging(MRI). MRI allows the doctor to “see” the brain, withoutoperating on the patient.

23.paragraph 2__ E ___

24.paragraph 3__ B____

25.paragraph 4___C____ 26.paragraph 5___F_____ 27.Noble gases are not very chemicallyA 28.Among the elements of noble gases Helium is theB

29.The required number of electrons in noble gases’ outer shell is D

30.MRI may make operating on the patientF

A. reactive

B. lightest

C. important

D. complete

E. flammable

F. unnecessary

三、概括大意与完成句子

Learnabout Noble Gases（惰性气体）

A. what is theperiodic table?

B. What are noblegases？

C. What causes the lowchemical reactivity of noble gases?

D. How were noblegases discovered?

E. How were noblegases understood in the past?

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总篇八：2012年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试理工类真题及答案A

2012年职称英语考试理工类A级试题及参考答案

第一部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. He shifted his position a little in order to (alleviate) the pain in his leg.

A. control B. easy C. experience D. suffer

2. Our aim was to (update) the health service, and we succeeded.

A. offer B. provide C. modernize D. fund

3. She moves from one (exotic) location to another.

A. unusual B. familiar C. similar D. proper

4. Nothing would (induce) me to vote for him again.

A. teach B. help C. discourage D. attract

5. The photographs (evoked) strong memories of our holiday in France.

A. refreshed B. stored C. blocked D. erased

6. The weather was (crisp) and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.

A. hot B. heavy C. fresh D. windy

7. Every week the magazine presents the (profile) of a well-known sports personality.

A. success B. description C. evidence D. plan

8. Her comments about men are (utterly) ridiculous completely.

A. slightly B. completely C. partly D. faintly

9. The walls are made of (hollow) concrete blocks.

A . big B. empty C. long D. now

10. We almost (ran into) a Rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of us without signaling.

A. overtook B. hit C. passed D. found

11. When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn’t resist having a (peep) look.

A. chance B. visit C. look D. try

12. He has been granted (asylum) in France.

A. power B. relief C. protection D. license

13. He was (weary) of the constant battle between them.

A. fond B. tired C. proud D. afraid

14. Newborn babies can (discriminate) between a man’s and a woman`s voice.

A. treat B. distinguish C. express D. analyzes

15. All the flats in the building had the same (layout) arrangement.

A. color B. size C. function D. arrangement

答案：

alleviate—ease

update—modernize

exotic—unusual

induce—attract

evoked—refreshed

crisp—fresh

profile—description

utterly—completely

hollow—empty

ran into—hit

peep—look

asylum—protection

weary—tired

discriminate—distinguish

layout—arrangement

第二部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Europa’s Watery Underworld

Pictures of Europa, which is slightly smaller than Earth’s moon, clearly show a tangled(错综复杂的), icy mishmash（混合物） of lines and cracks known as “chaos terrains.（混乱地形）” These chaotic places cover more than half of Europa. For more than 10 years, scientists have wondered what causes the formations. The new study suggests that they arise from the mixing of vast underground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface.

For scientists who suspect that Europa also may be hiding life beneath its icy surface, the news about the new lake is exciting.

“Fracturing catastrophically（灾难性的）disrupts the ice in the same way that it causes ice shelves to collapse on Earth,” Schmidt told Science News. She and her team found that the process could be causing chaos terrains to form quickly on Europa.

The new study suggests that on this moon, elements such as oxygen from the surface blend with the deep bodies of water. That mixture may create an environment that supports life.

16. The liquid water of an underground pool of Europa is estimated xxxxx of the US Great lakes.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

17. The strange ice patterns on Europa are formed as a result of a xxxxx underground water pool.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

18. Europa is the most recently discovered one among Jupiter’s

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

19. The size of Europa is a bit larger than that of Earth’s moon.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

20. Schmidt and her colleagues are the first group of scientists xxxxx Europa.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

21. The formations on Europa’s surface are rather unique in the

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

22. The existence of liquid water is a necessity for a life-support

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

【答案】：ABCBBBA

第三部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

Learn about Noble Gases(惰性气体)

1. Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many tourist spots offer balloon rides in order for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains a noble gas called helium. Formerly, balloons contained hydrogen but hydrogen is very flammable and dangerous when

uncontrolled. Therefore, people shifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the properties of the noble gases.

2. People once believed that noble gases couldn’t chemically react at all. For this reason, they were called inert gases. They were also clustered under Group 0 in the old periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero valence electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when some noble gas compounds were discovered.

3. The gases are elements, which share similar properties. These properties include being monoatomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, and having low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the rightmost column of the periodic table. If you look at the periodic table, you will notice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge. Helium has the lowest molecular（分子的） weight while Radon is the heaviest.

4. Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have “valence” electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer shell is “unfilled” or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell, meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This complete number varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electrons while the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the inherent low chemical reactivity of these said gases.

5. Because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications. They are widely used in recreation, medicine and industries. For instance, Liquid Helium is used for

superconducting magnets（磁体）. These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctor suspects that a person’s brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). MRI allows the doctor to “see” the brain, without operating on the patient.

23. Paragraph 2

24. Paragraph 3

25. Paragraph 4

26. Paragraph 5

【答案】：ECDA

选项：

A. What are the applications of noble gases?

B. How were noble gases discovered?

C. What are noble gases?

D. What cause the low chemical reactivity of noble gases?

E. How were noble gases understood in the past?

F. What is the periodic table?

27. Noble gases are not very chemically______.

28. Among the elements of noble gases Helium is the____.

29. The required number of electrons in noble gases` outer shell is _____.

30. MRI may make operating on the patient ______.

【答案】：FCBA

选项：

A. unnecessary

B. complete

C. lightest

D. important

E. flammable

F. reactive

第四部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

Small But Wise

On December 14，NASA blasted a small but mighty telescope into space．The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around as a trashcan．Don't let its small size fool you：WISE has a powerful digital camera，and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects in the known universe，including asteroids，faint stars，blazing galaxies and giant clouds of dust where planets and stars are born．

“I'm very excited because we're going to be seeing parts of the universe that we haven't seen before，” said Ned Wright，a scientist who directs the WISE project．

Since arriving in space，the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth，held by gravity in a polar orbit(this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap)．Its camera is pointed outward，away from the Earth，and WISE will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes．After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky．

The pictures taken by WISE won't be like everyday digital photographs，however．WISE stands for “Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer．” As its name suggests，the WISE camera takes pictures of features that give off infrared radiation．

Radiation is energy that travels as a wave．Visible light，including the familiar spectrum of light that becomes visible in a rainbow，is an example of radiation．When an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree，for example，it receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree．When these waves enter the camera through the lens，they're processed by the camera，which then puts the image together．

Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light，so ordinary digital cameras don't see them，and neither do the eyes of human beings．Although invisible to the eye，longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin．

That's a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can't. Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light．Asteroids，for example，are giant rocks that float through space—but they absorb most of the light that reaches them．They don't reflect light，so they're difficult to see．But they do give off infrared radiation，so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them．During its mission WISE will take pictures of hundreds of thousands of asteroids．

Brown dwarfs are another kind of deep-space object that will show up in WISE's pictures．These objects are “failed” stars-which means they are not massive enough to jump start the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun．Instead，brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down．They're so dim that they're almost impossible to see with visible light，but in the infrared spectrum they glow．

31. What is so special about WISE?

A. It is as small as a trashcan．

C. Never before has a telescope carried a digital camera in space．

B. It is small in size but carries a large camera．

D. Its digital camera can help astronomers to see the unknown space．

32. The camera on WISE

A. produces images of objects giving off infrared radiation.

B. is equipped with expensive computers

C. reflects light visible to the human eye

D. is similar to an ordinary digital camera

33. It is true that infrared radiation

A. is not detectable to human

B. looks bright than visible light

C. is visible light reflected off an object

D. has longer waves that those of visible light

34. Which of the following statements about asteroid is NOT true?

A. The WISE telescope can take pictures of asteroids.

B. They do not reflect light that reaches them．

C. They are invisible to ordinary camera．

D. They float through space giving off visible light．

35. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that brown dwarfs?

A. are power stars like the sun.

B. give off visible light．

C. become massive and active．

D. are invisible to the WISE telescope．

【答案】：DADDB

第二篇

Download Knowledge Directly to Your Brain

For the first time, researchers have been able to hack into the process of learning in the brain, using induced brain patterns to create a learned behavior. It’s not quite as advanced

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总篇九：2012年职称英语考试理工类试题及答案_WE

全国专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试概括

外语能力是衡量专业技术人员素质和专业水平的一个重要方面，特别是经济全球化和中国对外开放不断发展的新形势，对专业技术人员的外语能力提出了更高的要求。在中央批准的各专业技术职务试行条例中，对不同系列、不同职务层次专业技术人员的外语能力都做出了规定。凡依据相应专业技术职务条例受聘担任相应专业技术职务的人员，均应按照《关于专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试的通知》（人发[1998]54号）规定的范围，报名参加相应语种、级别的外语水平测试。人事部组织的全国统一标准的职称外语考试，采取统一大纲、闭卷笔试的形式进行。考试设英语、日语、俄语、德语、法语和西班牙语6个语种，每个语种分为A、 B、C三个等级。其中，英语划分为综合、理工、卫生3个专业类别。其它语种不分专业类别。考试主要测试专业技术人员阅读理解外文专业基础文献的能力。报考人员可根据自己所从事的专业工作，任选一个语种及有关类别参加考试。

全国专业技术人员职称英语等级统一考试是由国家人事部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。本考试遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，根据英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专业技术人员掌握和使用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别专业技术职务的人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。

评价目标

全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解能力。考试总的评价目标是：申报A级的人员在2小时内应完成3000词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报B级的人员在2小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报C级的人员在2小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容。

为达到上述目标，考试对应试者的英语词汇量、语法知识和阅读理解能力分别提出如下要求：

（一）词汇量

考试所涉及的词汇和短语主要依据本大纲所附词汇表。对申报不同级别的应试者要求认知的词汇量不等：

1．申报A级的人员应认知6000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语；

2．申报B级的人员应认知5000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语；

3．申报C级的人员应认知4000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语。

（二）语法知识

考试不直接对应试者所掌握的语法知识进行考查，但应试者必须掌握基本的语法知识，主要包括：

1．英语句子的基本语序及其意义；

2．英语句子的结构和常用句型；

3．各种时、体的形式及其意义；

4．各种从句的构成及其意义；

5．句子中词语的所指、省略、替代、重复，以及句子之间的意义关系等。

（三）阅读理解能力

应试者应能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解专业的或一般内容的英语书面材料。阅读能力主要包括以下几个方面：

1．掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；

2．了解阐述主旨的事实和细节；

3．利用上下文猜测某些词汇和短语的意义；

4．既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的意义关系；

5．根据所读材料进行判断和推论；

6．领会作者的观点、意图和态度。

报名时间

各地报名时间一般在11、12月开始。各地报名时间不同，具体内容可以咨询当地人事考试中心。

考试时间

全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试一般为每年3月的最后一个星期日举行，考试设英语、日语、俄语、德语、法语和西班牙语6个语种，每个语种分为A、B、C三个等级，考试时间均为2小时。

根据《国务院办公厅关于2012年部分节假日安排的通知》，2012年3月31日调整为工作日。为保证职称外语考试顺利举行，经商国家外国专家局培训中心，并报部专业技术人员管理司同意，职称英语考试时间调整为2012年4月7日。凡涉及《关于做好2012年度全国专业技术入员职称外语等级统一考试考务工作的通知》（人考中心函〔2011〕19号）中有关事项的规定时间，均向后顺延7天，其余事项不变。请各地人事考试机构接到本通知后，密切关注考试日期及相关事项时间变化，及时通知报考考生，按照考务文件要求，做好各个环节工作，确保考试安全顺利进行。

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总篇十：2012年职称英语考试(理工类A)级考试真题(经过修正)

2012年职称英语考试(理工类A)级考试真题试题答案

一、词汇选项：

1.We almost ran into a Rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of us without signaling.

A. overtook B. hit C. passed D. found

2.He shifted his position a little, in order to alleviate the pain in his leg.

A. control B. ease C. experience D. suffer

3.Our aim was to update the health service, and we succeeded.

A. offer B. provide C. fund D. modernize

4.Every week the magazine presents the profile of a well-known sports personality.

A. description B. success C. evidence D. plan

5.All the flats in the building had the same layout.

A. color B. size C. function D. arrangement

6.Newborn babies can discriminate between a man‟s and a woman‟s voice.

A. treat B. express C. distinguish D. analyze

7.The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.

A. hot B. heavy C. fresh D. windy

8.Nothing would induce me to vote for him again.

A. teach B. help C. attract D. discourage

9.When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn‟t resist have a peep.

A. chance B. look C.visit D. try

10.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.

A. slightly B. partly C. faintly D. completely

11.He was weary of the constant battle between them.

A. fond B. proud C. tired D. afraid

12.She moves from one exotic location to another.

A. unusual B. familiar C. similar D. proper

13.He has been granted asylum in France.

A. protection B. power C.relief D. license

14.The photographs evoked memories of our

A. stored B. blocked C.erased D. refreshed

15.The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks.

A. empty B.big C. long D. new

二、阅读判断

Europa‟s watery underworld

Europa, one of Jupiter‟s 63 known moons, looks bright and icy on the surface. But appearances can be deceiving: Miles within its cracked, frigid shell, Europa probably hides giant pools of liquid water. Where scientists find liquid water, they hope to find life as well.

Since we can‟t go diving into Europa‟s depths just yet, scientists instead have to investigate the moon‟s surface for clues to what lies beneath. In a new study, scientists investigated one group of strange ice patterns on Europa and concluded that the formations mark the top of an underground pool that holds as much water as the U.S. Great Lakes.

Pictures of Europa, which is slightly smaller than Earth‟s moon, clearly show a tangled, icy

mishmash of lines and cracks known as “chaos terrains.” These chaotic places cover more than half of Europa. For more than 10 years, scientists have wondered what causes the formations. The new study suggests that they arise from the mixing of vast underground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface.

For scientists who suspect that Europa also may be hiding life beneath its icy surface, the news about the new lake is exciting.

“It would be great if these lakes harbored life,” Britney Schmidt, a planetary scientist who worked on the study, told Science News. “But even if they didn‟t, they say that Europa is doing something interesting and active right now.”

Schmidt, a scientist at the University of Texas at Austin, and her colleagues wanted to know how chaos terrains form. Since they couldn‟t rocket to Europa to see for themselves, they searched for similar formations here on Earth. They studied collapsed ice shelves in Antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in Iceland. Those features on Earth formed when liquid water mixed with ice. The scientists now suspect something similar might be happening on Europa: that as water and ice of different temperatures mingle and shift, the surface fractures. This would explain the jumbled ice sculptures.

“Fracturing catastrophically disrupts the ice in the same way that it causes ice shelves to collapse on Earth,” Schmidt told Science News. She and her team found that the process could be causing chaos terrains to form quickly on Europa.

The new study suggests that on this moon, elements such as oxygen from the surface blend with the deep bodies of water. That mixture may create an environment that supports life.

16.The liquid water of an underground pool of Europa is estimated to be as much as that of the US Great lakes.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

17.The strange ice patterns on Europa are formed as a result of a sudden collapse of the underground water pool.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

18.Europa is the most recently discovered one among Jupiter‟s

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

19.The size of Europa is a bit larger than that of Earth‟s moon.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

20.Schmidt and her colleagues are the first group of scientists to carry out a study on Europa.

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

21.The formations on Europa‟s surface are rather unique in the

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

22.The existence of liquid water is a necessity for a life-support

A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

三、概括大意与完成句子

Learn about Noble Gases（惰性气体）

1 Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many tourist spots offer balloon rides in order for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains a noble gas called helium(氦). Formerly, balloons contained hydrogen but hydrogen is very flammable and dangerous when uncontrolled. Therefore, people shifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the

properties of the noble gases.

2 People once believed that noble gases couldn‟t chemically react at all. For this reason, they were called inert gases(惰性气体). They were also listed under Group 0 in the old periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero valence(价)electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when some noble gas compounds were discovered.

3 The gases are elements, which share similar properties. These properties include being mono atomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, and having low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the right most column of the periodic table. If you look at the periodic table, you will notice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge. Helium has the lowest molecular(分子的) weight while Radon is the heaviest.

4 Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have valence electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer shell is “unfilled” or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell, meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This complete number varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electrons while the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the low chemical reactivity of these said gases.

5 Because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications. They are widely used in medicine and industries. For instance, liquid Helium is used for superconducting magnets(磁体).These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctor suspects that a person‟s brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). MRI allows the doctor to “see” the brain, without operating on the patient.

23.paragraph 2______

24.paragraph 3______

25.paragraph 4___ ____

26.paragraph 5___ _____

A. what is the periodic table?

B. What are noble gases？

C. What causes the low chemical reactivity of noble gases?

D. How were noble gases discovered?

E. How were noble gases understood in the past?

F. what are the applications of noble gases?

27.Noble gases are not very chemically______

28.Among the elements of noble gases Helium is the _____

29.The required number of electrons in noble gases‟ outer shell is ___

30.MRI may make operating on the patient______

A. reactive

B. lightest

C. important

D. complete

E. flammable

F. unnecessary

四、阅读理解

第一篇

Gross National Happiness

In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist(佛教)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972,a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wang chuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.

King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross National Product (GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wang chuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country‟s progress by people‟s happiness. If the people‟s happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness (GNH).

GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally ,people are happier when they have a good, stable government.

Now there is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Twenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wang chuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.

Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan‟s GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.

Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.

31.Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?

A. A president.

B. A Buddhist priest.

C. A king.

D. A general.

32.Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?

A. To make its population grow.

B. To keep it separate from the world.

C. To keep its traditions and customs. D. To encourage its people to get rich. 33.A country shows its progress with GNP by A. selling more products. B. spending more money. C. spending less money. D. providing more jobs. 34.According to GNH, people are happier if they A. have new technology. B. have a good, stable government. C. can change their religion. D. have more money. 35.Today many countries are A. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress. B. working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH. C. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress. D. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.

第二篇

Download Knowledge Directly to Your Brain

For the first time, researchers have been able to hack into the process of learning in the brain, using induced brain patterns to create a learned behavior. It‟s not quite as advanced as an instant kung-fu download, and it‟s not as sleek as cognitive inception, but it‟s still an important finding that could lead to new teaching and rehabilitation techniques.

Future therapies could decode the brain activity patterns of an athlete or a musician, and use them as a benchmark for teaching another person a new activity, according to the researchers.

Scientists from Boston University and ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories in Kyoto used functional magnetic resonance imaging, or fMRI, to study the learning process. They were examining the adult brain‟s aptitude for visual perceptual learning, or VPL, in which repetitive training improves a person‟s performance on a particular task. Whether adults can do this as well as young people has been an ongoing debate in neuroscience.

Led by BU neuroscientist Takeo Watanabe, researchers used a method called decoded fMRI neuro feed back to stimulate the visual cortex. First they showed participants circles at different orientations. Then they used fMRI to watch the participants‟ brain activity. The researchers were then able to train the participants to recreate this visual cortex activity.

The volunteers were again placed in MRI machines and asked to visualize shapes of certain colors. The participants were asked to “somehow regulate activity in the posterior part of the brain” to make a solid green disc as large as they could. They were told they would get a paid bonus proportional to the size of this disc, but they weren‟t told anything about what the disc meant. The researchers watched the participants‟ brain activity and monitored the activation patterns in their visual cortices.

“Participants can be trained to control the overall mean activation of an entire brain region,” the study authors write, “or the activation in one region relative to that in another region.”

This worked even when test subjects were not aware of what they were learning, the

本文来源：http://www.guakaob.com/yingyuleikaoshi/124405.html

上一篇：working mothers职称英语

下一篇：图们职称评定结果

2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总

【2012年职称英语考试《理工类》真题教材出处汇总】相关推荐

热门标签

热门推荐

最新推荐