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秋日还京陕西十里作阅读答案及翻译篇一
《翻译阅读作业答案》
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory. Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It not only includes "remembering" things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed (嗅出)something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 "words"—string of alphabetic or numerical characters—ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information that
the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.
The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving
intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. But while language greatly expands the number and the king of things a person can remember, it also requires a huge memory capacity. It may well be this capacity that distinguishes humans, setting them apart from other animals.
57. Which of the following is TRUE about memory?
[A] It helps us perceive things happening around us every day.
[B] It is based on the decisions we made in the past.
[C] It is rooted in our past habits and skills.
[D] It connects our past experiences with the present.
58. According to the passage, memory is helpful in one's life in the following aspects EXCEPT that ________.
[A] it involves a change in one's behavior
[B] it keeps information for later use
[C] it warns people not to do things repeatedly
[D] it enables one to remember events that happened in the past
59. What is the author's view about computers and human beings in terms of intelligence?
[A] Computers have better memory than a child does.
[B] Computers are as intelligent as a teenager is.
[C] Computers can understand as many as 100,000 words.
[D] Human beings are far superior to computers.
60. What is the major characteristic of man's memory capacity according to the author?
[A] It can be expanded by language. [C] It may keep all the information in the past.
[B] It can remember all the combined words. [D] It may change what has been stored in it.
61. Human beings make themselves different from other animals by _______.
[A] having the ability to perceive danger
[B] having a far greater memory capacity
[C] having the ability to recognize faces and places on sight
[D] having the ability to draw on past experiences
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based in the following passage.
"Family" is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that their society is based on family life, they are thinking of "family" in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit. Thus, every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent family— hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life.
For both the man and the woman, marriage means leaving one's parents and starting one's own life. The man's first duty will then be to his wife, and the wife's to her husband. He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the running of the new home. Their children will be their common responsibility and theirs alone. Neither the wife's parents nor the husband's, nor their brothers or sisters, aunts or uncles, have any right to interfere with them—they are their own masters.
Readers of novels like Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice will know that in former times marriage among wealthy families was arranged by the girl's parents, that is, it was the parents' duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry her. Until that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents' home, and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry(嫁妆). It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage. This has had two results: a girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry.
62. What does the author mean by "'Family' is of course an elastic word"?
[A] Different families have different ways of life.
[B] Different definitions could be given to the word.
[C] Different nations have different families.
[D] Different times produce different families.
63. For an English family, the husband's duty is ________.
[A] supporting the family while the wife is financial
秋日还京陕西十里作阅读答案及翻译篇二
《《答王阮亭 尤侗》阅读答案及翻译》
答王阮亭 尤侗
①来书谓仆《清平调》①一剧，为吾辈伸眉吐气，第不图肥婢竞远胜冬烘试官，摩诘出公主之门。太白以贵妃上第，乃知世间冬烘试官愧巾帼多矣，读竟太息，又复起舞。 ②仆谓天下试官皆妇人耳，若闺阁怜才反过试官十倍。太白赋《清平调》、《上清调》，贵妃以玻璃七宣杯酌西凉葡萄酒笑饮，敛绣巾再拜，不正天子门生真为贵妃弟子矣! ③假使太白当年果中状元，不过盲宰相作试官耳，不幸出林甫、国忠②之门，耻孰甚焉?何如玉环一顾笑于朱衣万点乎?然仆甫脱稿，即有罪我为骂状元者，昔王渼陂作《杜甫游春》剧，人谓其骂宰相，今仆亦遭此语，何李白、杜甫之不幸，而林甫、力士接踵于世也。此又仆之助公太息者也。
【注释】①《清平调》：尤侗所撰杂剧，戏说唐代诗人李白等三人参加科举考试的故事。剧中，唐玄宗让“知音懂律”的杨贵妃任主考，杨贵妃选李白所作《清平调》一曲为压卷，取为状元。②林甫、国忠：指唐玄宗时的奸臣李林甫、杨国忠。
22．解释加点词语。(2分)
(1)第不图肥婢竟远胜冬烘试官
(2)林甫、力士接踵于世
23．下列选项最符合“乃知世间冬烘试官愧巾帼多矣”原意的一项是( )。(3分)
A．于是知道人世间那些昏聩无能的试官愧对许多女性。
B．因此知道人世间那些昏聩无能的试官因为女性而惭愧。
C．才知道人世间那些昏聩无能的试官在女性面前应该感到惭愧。
D．人世间那些昏聩无能的试官竟然知道女性会因此而惭愧的。
24．第②段列举李白和杨贵妃的例子，是为了证明__________________的观点。(2分)
25．作者认为假使李白当年果真中了状元，也是件可耻的事，因为___________。(2分)
26．谈谈你对第③段“此又仆之助公太息”的理解。(3分)
[参考答案]
22．（1）料想；（2）一个接一个（2分） 23. C（3分） 24. 如果女子爱才，超过那些无能的试官不知道多少倍。（2分） 25．即便是被那些昏聩之人点中状元，自己的价值也不能真正被认可。或：如果不是知音，即便是被点中状元也感到羞耻。或：出自像李林甫杨国忠之类的奸臣门下，作者感到耻辱。）（2分） 26. “太息”是作者对王阮亭的叹息深有同感：试官昏聩、奸臣当道，真正的人才得不到选拔和赏识。（3分）
【附】译文二
（你）来信说我写的《清平调》杂剧，替我们这些读书人扬眉吐气，只是没料想到那个胖胖的女子竟然大大胜过那些昏聩无能的试官，王维因为玉真公主而中状元，李白因杨贵妃而登科，才知道人世间那些昏聩无能的试官在女性面前应该感到非常惭愧，读完此剧发出感叹，（继而又）手舞足蹈。
我说天底下的试官都是妇人罢了，（其实）女子如果真的爱惜人才反而超过那些试官许许多多。（我在剧中说）李白作《清平调》、《上情调》时，杨贵妃便用玻璃杯斟上西凉葡萄酒
笑着劝饮，同时整顿衣裳起身再拜，（这）不正是说明天子门生其实是贵妃的弟子吗！ 假如李白当年真的中了状元，（其实）也不过是瞎了眼的宰相作试官（胡乱点中的）罢了，更不幸的是出自李林甫、杨国忠这些奸臣的门下，还有比这个更羞耻的吗？哪比得上杨玉环在众人之中（对他）回头一笑呢？但是我刚刚写成这个剧本，就有人指责我，说我是骂状元的人，当初王九思（渼陂）写了《杜甫游春》这出戏，有人说他是在骂宰相，如今我也遭到了这样的指责，为什么李白杜甫这类人如此不幸，而李林甫、高力士之类的人接连不断地出现在世上呢？这正是我要和你一起叹息的啊。
秋日还京陕西十里作阅读答案及翻译篇三
《《答王阮亭 尤侗》阅读答案及翻译》
《答王阮亭 尤侗》阅读答案及翻译
答王阮亭
尤侗
①来书谓仆《清平调》①一剧，为吾辈伸眉吐气，第不图肥婢竞远胜冬烘试官，摩诘出公主之门。太白以贵妃上第，乃知世间冬烘试官愧巾帼多矣，读竟太息，又复起舞。
②仆谓天下试官皆妇人耳，若闺阁怜才反过试官十倍。太白赋《清平调》、《上清调》，贵妃以玻璃七宣杯酌西凉葡萄酒笑饮，敛绣巾再拜，不正天子门生真为贵妃弟子矣!
③假使太白当年果中状元，不过盲宰相作试官耳，不幸出林甫、国忠②之门，耻孰甚焉?何如玉环一顾笑于朱衣万点乎?然仆甫脱稿，即有罪我为骂状元者，昔王渼陂作《杜甫游春》剧，人谓其骂宰相，今仆亦遭此语，何李白、杜甫之不幸，而林甫、力士接踵于世也。此又仆之助公太息者也。
【注释】①《清平调》：尤侗所撰杂剧，戏说唐代诗人李白等三人参加科举考试的故事。剧中，唐玄宗让“知音懂律”的杨贵妃任主考，杨贵妃选李白所作《清平调》一曲为压卷，取为状元。②林甫、国忠：指唐玄宗时的奸臣李林甫、杨国忠。
22．解释加点词语。(2分)
(1)第不图肥婢竟远胜冬烘试官 ．
(2)林甫、力士接踵于世 ．．
23．下列选项最符合“乃知世间冬烘试官愧巾帼多矣”原意的一项是( )。(3分)
A．于是知道人世间那些昏聩无能的试官愧对许多女性。
B．因此知道人世间那些昏聩无能的试官因为女性而惭愧。
C．才知道人世间那些昏聩无能的试官在女性面前应该感到惭愧。
D．人世间那些昏聩无能的试官竟然知道女性会因此而惭愧的。
24．第②段列举李白和杨贵妃的例子，是为了证明__________________的观点。(2分)
25．作者认为假使李白当年果真中了状元，也是件可耻的事，因为___________。(2分)
26．谈谈你对第③段“此又仆之助公太息”的理解。(3分)
[参考答案]
22．（1）料想；（2）一个接一个（2分） 23. C（3分） 24. 如果女子爱才，超过那些无能的试官不知道多少倍。（2分） 25．即便是被那些昏聩之人点中状元，自己的价值也不能真正被认可。或：如果不是知音，即便是被点中状元也感到羞耻。或：出自像李林甫杨国忠之类的奸臣门下，作者感到耻辱。）（2分） 26. “太息”是作者对王阮亭的叹息深有同感：试官昏聩、奸臣当道，真正的人才得不到选拔和赏识。（3分）
【附】译文
（你）来信说我写的《清平调》杂剧，替我们这些读书人扬眉吐气，只是没料想到那个胖胖的女子竟然大大胜过那些昏聩无能的试官，王维因为玉真公主而中状元，李白因杨贵妃而登科，才知道人世间那些昏聩无能的试官在女性面前应该感到非常惭愧，读完此剧发出感叹，（继而又）手舞足蹈。
我说天底下的试官都是妇人罢了，（其实）女子如果真的爱惜人才反而超过那些试官许许多多。（我在剧中说）李白作《清平调》、《上情调》时，杨贵妃便用玻璃杯斟上西凉葡萄酒笑着劝饮，同时整顿衣裳起身再拜，（这）不正是说明天子门生其实是贵妃的弟子吗！
假如李白当年真的中了状元，（其实）也不过是瞎了眼的宰相作试官（胡乱点中的）罢了，更不幸的是出自李林甫、杨国忠这些奸臣的门下，还有比这个更羞耻的吗？哪比得上杨玉环在众人之中（对他）回头一笑呢？但是我刚刚写成这个剧本，就有人指责我，说我是骂状元的人，当初王九思（渼陂）写了《杜甫游春》这出戏，有人说他是在骂宰相，如今我也遭到了这样的指责，为什么李白杜甫这类人如此不幸，而李林甫、高力士之类的人接连不断地出现在世上呢？这正是我要和你一起叹息的啊。
秋日还京陕西十里作阅读答案及翻译篇四
《英语阅读理解及答案(含全文翻译)》
【第一篇】One day Jack’s wife was cleaning out a closet（壁橱）.“Look at all these umbrellas,” she said to Jack. “There are eight and they are all broken.”“I’ll take them to the umbrella shop and have them mended,” Jack said.Jack took the eight umbrellas to the shop and left them there. “They’ll be ready tomorrow,” the shopkeeper said.That evening Jack went home from the office by bus as usual. He sat next to an old woman. She had an umbrella on the floor near her.When the bus reached his stop, he picked up her umbrella and stood up. “Hey!” the woman said. “That’s my umbrella!”“I’m sorry,” Jack said, and at the same time he gave the umbrella to her. “I wasn’t thinking. Please excuse me.”The next day he got back the umbrellas from the umbrella shop and got on the bus.As he sat down, a voice behind him said, “You certainly have a successful day!”He turned around and saw the woman whose umbrella had almost been taken by him the day before.( )1.Jack’s wife found _____ umbrellas in the closet.A. eight broken B. broken eight C. eight new D. new eight( )2. _____ had the broken umbrellas mended in the umbrella shop.A. Jack’s wife B. Jack C. The shopkeeper D. The old woman( )3.That evening the old woman’s umbrella was almost taken by _____.A. the shopkeeper B. Jack’s wife C. Jack D. the driver( )4.The next day Jack saw the woman _____ .A. in the shop B. at home C. on the train D. on the bus( )5.Which of the following is True?A. Jack had an umbrella shop. B. The woman’s umbrella was Jack’s.C. The woman thought Jack was a thief.D. Jack bought eight umbrellas from the shop again.[译文]一天杰克的妻子正在打扫一个壁橱。“看这么多的雨伞,”她对杰克说：“有八个之多，但都是坏的”。“我把雨伞拿到店铺去修一下,”杰克说。杰克把八个雨伞带到店铺去修理了，“这些雨伞明天就可以修好,”店主说。那天晚上杰克下班后照常坐公共汽车回家。他坐在一个老太太的旁边，并且老太太附近的地板上放着一把雨伞。当公共汽车到站时，杰克拿起老太太的雨伞并站起来。“嘿!” 老太太说：“那个雨伞是我的!”“非常抱歉,”杰克说，在同一时间他把雨伞递给了老太太。“我脑子一时糊涂了，以为那是我的伞，请你原谅我。”第二天杰克到店铺拿了修好的雨伞并坐公共汽车回家。当他坐下的时候，他背后有人在说, “你今天肯定成功了！”他调过头来一看，正是昨天杰克差一点拿了别人伞的那个女的。[答案]1—5 ABCDC【第二篇】When we want to tell other people what we think, we can do it with the help of words. We can also do it in many other ways, too. Sometimes we move our heads up and down when we want to
say “yes”, and we shake our heads when we want to say “no ”. Some people can’t hear or speak. They talk with the help of gestures（手势）.People from other countries often have to do it if they don’t know your language.Here is a story. An American was once having his holiday in Italy, but he could not speak Italian. One day he went to a restaurant and sat down at a table. When the waiter came, the American opened his mouth, put his fingers in it and took them out again. In this way he wanted to say “Bring me something to eat”. The waiter soon brought him a cup of tea. The American shook his head and the waiter understood that he didn’t want tea. So he took it away and brought him a glass of milk. The American shook his head again. He was very hungry now and looked sad. He was just going to leave the restaurant when another man came in. When this man saw the waiter, he put his hands on his stomach(胃). In a few minutes there was a large plate of bread and meat on the table in front of him.( )1.Sometimes people move their heads _____ when they want to say “yes”.A. right and left B. fast and slow C. hard and easy D. up and down( )2.If people want to say _____ ,they may shake their heads.A.“no” B.“yes” C.“words” D.“OK”( )3.If you can,t_____ ,you may talk with the help of gestures.A. write and read B. say or sing C. hear and speak D. go or come( )4.The American wanted _____.A. to drink a cup of tea B. to go to bedC. to have some food D. to talk with the waiter( )5.If people want the waiter to bring them something _____ , they,d better put their hands on their stomach.A. to drink B. to write C. to speak D. to eat[译文]当我们想告诉其他人我们所想的的时候，我们可以用语言来实现，我们也可以用许多其他的方法来实现。有时我们通过点头表示“是”， 我们通过摇头表示“不是”。有些聋人或哑巴通过手势与别人交流。有些不懂本国语言的外国人必须通过手势与别人交流。这里有一个故事。一个美国人曾经到意大利度假，但是他不会讲意大利语。一天他去一家餐馆并坐在一张餐桌的旁边。当服务员来的时候，美国人张开嘴并多次把手指放在最里再拿出来，以这种方法表示他想说“给我拿点吃的来”。过一会服务员把一杯茶带给他，美国人摇头表示不是的，服务员明白了他不需要茶。于是服务员把它拿走，再拿一杯牛奶给他，美国人再次摇头，他现在饿极了和看上去很痛苦。他正要离开餐馆，这时另一个男人进了餐馆。当这个男人看到服务员的时候，他把手放在胃部，几分钟后就有一大盘面包和肉被放在他的餐桌上。[答案]1—5 DACCD【第三篇】It was a quiet village in which there was a military camp(军营).It was far fr
om the towns and cities and there were some high mountains around. Of course it was a good place for training the new soldiers. But it was difficult for the young men to go outside. Mr White, an officer of forty, was strict with them and he hardly let them leave the camp.Once Mr White was ill in bed. He couldn’t work and a young officer, Mr Hunt began to train the new soldiers instead of him. He knew the young men well and let nine soldiers go to the nearest town to have a holiday. But night fell and none came back to the camp. He was worried about it and stood at the gate. It was five to twelve when Mr Hunt decided to go to the town and see what was happening to the young men. He started the car quickly and set off. At that moment the nine soldiers came back. It seemed they drank wine. Of course they found the officer was angry.“I’m sorry, sir,” said the first soldier. “I left the town on time. But something was wrong with my bus on my way here. I had to buy a horse and made it run fast. Bad luck! It died and I had to run back.”And the other seven soldiers said they were late for the same reasons. It was the last soldier’s turn. He said, “I’m sorry, sir. I got on a bus on time, but…”Having heard this, the officer became even angrier and stopped him at once. He called out, “If you say something was wrong with your bus, I’ll punish you at once!”“No, no, sir,” said the young man. “My bus was all right, but the horse died!”( )1.The military camp was built in the village to _____ .A. stop the soldiers from going to towns B. stop the soldiers from meeting their friendsC. train the new soldiers D. make the young men live quietly( )2.Mr Hunt let the nine soldiers have a holiday because _____ .A. he was kind to them B. they felt lonelyC. they had something important to do D. they were the best of all( )3.The young officer was worried because _____ .A. a traffic accident had happened B. he was afraid something happened to the nine soldiersC. the nine soldiers would come back D. the nine soldiers drank too much in the town( )4.The nine soldiers returned to the camp late because _____ .A. something was wrong with their buses B. their horses died on the return wayC. it took them much time to run back D. they all drank much in the town( )5.Which answer do you think is true?A. You’ll believe only the last soldier. B. The officer believed the nine soldiers.C. You’ll believe none of the nine soldiers. D. The officer won’t punish his soldiers.[译文]有一个军事营地就在安静的村庄里，它离乡镇和城市很远，周围有高山。当然这是一个训练新兵的好地方，但是这些人去外面就比较困难。一个四十岁的白长官对他们很严格，几乎不让他们离开营地。一旦白长官卧病在床不能工作时，就由一个打猎的年轻人替代白长官来训练新
兵。打猎的年轻人与新兵很熟悉，一次他让九名士兵去最近的城镇休假，但是夜幕降临了他们还没有返回营地。打猎的年轻人很担心于是站在门口守望。晚上12点差5分钟时打猎先生决定去城镇看看这些年轻人发生了什么事。他迅速地启动汽车并开动，正在这时九名士兵回来了，他们看上去好像醉酒了，当然他们发现打猎先生生气了。“对不起，先生,”第一位士兵说，“我准时离开城镇，但是在路上汽车出了毛病，我不得不购买一匹马并让它跑得很快。很不幸，马死了，我不得不跑步回来。”而且另外七名士兵说他们回来晚了是因为同样的原因。最后一名士兵说,“对不起，先生，我准时上了公共汽车，但是…”听见这, 打猎先生非常很生气并且阻止他继续说，他大声喊出来,“如果你说你的公共汽车有点毛病，我马上惩罚你!”“不，没有，先生，”年轻人说.“我的公共汽车没有问题，但是马死了!”[答案]1—5 CABDC
秋日还京陕西十里作阅读答案及翻译篇五
《英文阅读+题+答案+翻译》
Go for the Gold
Diana Golden was 12 years old when she found out she had cancer. She was
walking home one day after playing in the snow when her right leg simply gave out. Doctors diagnosed the problem as bone cancer. They recommended removing her leg above the knee.
When Diana heard the news, she asked the first question that came into her mind: “ Will I still be able to ski?”
“When the doctors said yes,” she later recalled, “I figured it wouldn‟t be too bad.” That attitude was characteristic of Diana‟s outlook on life. Losing a leg would
cause most children to lose confidence and hope, but Diana refused to dwell on the negative. “Losing a leg?” she‟d say. “It‟s nothing. A body part.”
Most of all, Diana didn‟t want to let cancer stopk her from doing what she loved. And what she loved was skiing. Diana had been on skis since the age of five. Her home in Lincoln, Massachusetts, was just a couple of hours from New Hampshire‟s Cannon Mountain. After the operation, Diana worked hard to get back to the mountain. “I always skied, and I intended to keep on skiing. There was never any question in my mind about that,” she declared. Seven months after losing her leg, Diana met her goal. She was back out on the slopes.
Skiing wasn‟t quite the same with just one leg, but Diana made the best of it. She learned to go faster on one leg than most people could go on two. In high school, Diana became a member of her school‟s ski racing team. And in 1979, when she was just 17, she became a member of the U.S Disabled Ski Team.
After high school, Diana Golden went on to Dartmouth College. There she saw how top two-legged skiers trained. Determined not to be left behind, Diana began training with the dartmouth team. When they ran around the track, she followed them on crutches. When they ran up and down the steps of the football stadium, she went up and down the steps too—by hopping. “I had to adapt,” she later explamed. “I was an athlete. I had one leg, which meant I had to do it differently.”
In 1982, Diana entered her first international ski race. She went to the World
Handicapped Championships in Norway, where she won the downhill competition. In 1986, Diana won the Beck Award, which is given to the best American racer in international skiing. The next year, she placed 10th in a race against some of the best nondisabled skiers in the country. And in 1988, she was named Ski Racing magazine‟s U.S. Female Skier of the Year.
As a result of her courage and determination, Diana has changed the way the
world looks at disabled athletes. People have begun to see them as strong and
competent. “Everyone has some kind of „disability‟, Diana says. “It‟s what we do with our abilities that matters.”
In 1990, Diana retired from racing for good.
Comprehension Exercise
1. When Diana lost her leg, she was__C______
A) very discouraged
B) quite unhappy
C) still optimistic
D) unaffected
2) In 1986, Diana won the Beck Award, which is given to the best American___C___
A) disabled skier
B) woman skier
C) racer in international skiing
D) Olympic skiing champion
2. The author probably wrote this passage to___B___
A) inform you about disabled skiers
B) inspire you with Diana‟s courage
C) describe the events in international ski competitions
D) tell about the disadvantages of being a disabled skier
3. Which sentence below correctly restates the following: “Determined not to be left behind, Diana began training with the Dartmouth team. C
A) Diana began training so she could make the Dartmouth team.
B) Diana trained with the Dartmouth team so she wouldn‟t finish last in her races.
C) Diana wanted to keep up, so she trained with the Dartmouth team.
D) Diana wanted to be as good as the Dartmouth team so she trained with the team.
4. Which of the following is the best summary of the passage? D
A) After Diana lost a leg to cancer, she learned to ski on one leg.
B) After losing a leg to cancer, Diana trained hard and won an Olympic gold medal.
C) After Diana lost a leg to cancer, she was still competent in many sports events.
D) After losing a leg to cancer, Diana worked hard to become a champion skier and a respected athlete.
参考译文：
勇夺金牌
当发现自己身患癌症时，戴安娜·高登才仅仅12岁。那天，她还在外玩雪。随后正准备回家时，突然发现右腿不能动了。经医生诊断，她患有骨癌。医生建议从膝盖以上进行截肢治疗。
听到这个消息，她想到的第一个问题是：“我以后还能滑雪吗？”
戴安娜后来回忆道：“当医生回答说可以时，我觉得这还不算太坏。” 这，就是戴安娜对生活的态度。对大多数孩童来说，失去一条腿，意味着失去信心，没有了希望。但是戴安娜却一直很乐观。她常说：“一条腿没了？没事，不就是身体的一部分嘛！”
更为重要的是，戴安娜不希望癌症阻挡自己所喜爱的运动——滑雪。由于她的家在马赛的林肯市，距离新罕布什尔州的加农滑雪场仅数小时路程，戴安娜从5岁起就开始滑雪。手术后，为了早日回到滑雪场，戴安娜积极接受恢复治疗。她说：“以前一直滑雪，自己也想坚持下去。在我看来，这没问题。”截肢7个月后，戴安娜实现了她的目标，重新回到了滑雪道上。
与正常的滑雪相比，单腿滑雪截然不同。但是，戴安娜充分发挥了仅有左腿的作用，不仅学会了单腿滑雪，速度还比大多数正常人快。中学的时候，她成为了校滑雪队的一名成员。1979年，17岁的她进入了美国残疾人滑雪队。
中学毕业后，高登·戴安娜进入达特茅斯学院学习。在那里，她见识到优秀的滑雪队员是怎么训练的。她下决心要迎头赶上，于是跟随达特茅斯滑雪队一块儿训练。当他们在操场跑步时，她拄着拐棍跟在后面跑。当他们在看台上上下下地跑台阶时，她也跟着上上下下——单腿跳着台阶。她后来解释说，“我必须适应这一切，我是一名运动员，我也只有一条腿，这意味着我必须以一种不同的方式完成训练。”
1982年，戴安娜第一次参加了国际性的滑雪比赛——挪威世界残疾人锦标赛，并且获得了速降滑雪比赛的第一名。1986年，她荣获了美国贝克奖，这个奖专门给在国际性滑雪比赛获得冠军的美国选手。次年，她参加了一次对抗赛，与一些出色的、健全的滑雪选手比赛，获得了第10名的成绩。1988年，她被美国《滑雪竞赛》杂志评为“年度最佳女滑雪运动员”。
她的勇气和决心，改变了全世界对残疾运动员的看法，人们开始承认他们是坚强的，也是有能力的。戴安娜说：“每一个人在某些方面都有一些残疾，但重要的是，我们能发挥自身的能力做些什么。”
1990年，戴安娜永远的退役了。
As dream comes true
We all have dreams. Yet so few of us fulfill (履行，实现)them. Often , a dream dies as quickly as it is born because we lack the confidence to keep it. When I was old enough to understand the realities of life , I realized that society puts a high value on youth , beauty and intellectual（智力的，聪明的） achievement. This discovery gave me some idea to develop my dream.
I know beauty is something I will never have. So I didn‟t dream of becoming
beautiful. But I didn‟t see it as something bad because it forced me to concentrate my energy to develop my other qualities. What people see in the handicapped（障碍，不利条件） is only their appearance of being handicapped. People are not impressed with the ability that lies inside every handicapped person.
My dream was simple. I dreamed of becoming a typist（打字员） when I was in secondary school. I always hoped to be able to master the typewriter. This magic machine would be my passport（护照，通行证） to getting a job. I come from a poor family of five children and the best that my parents could give us was a good school education. But, of course, this achievement proved to be no sure guarantee of getting a job in an office. The employment field was a highly competitive place. It gave not only keen（强烈的，热心的） competition to a handicapped job-seeker but also the unfriendly treatment from the physically strong and healthy. They see the handicapped as the back row of society.
However, I refused to sit in the back row. I took a brave step to break through
the wall that isolates（使隔离） the handicapped. I decided to take a course in typing run by the governmnet. I filled in the detailed information in the application form and wrote down typing as my training course. When I handed over the form to the interviewer, she looked at me then moved her eyes to my body. She left and
discussed with another member of the staff at the center. I had decided that it must be typing, or nothing. When the interviewer returned, she advised me to changemy choice from typing. “ Why don‟t you take up dressmaking so you can earn while at home ? You cannot hope to compete with college graduates,” she said. “ Offices prefer to hire smartlu dressed, pretty girls with beautiful hands, ” she added.
I knew I didn‟t have those qualifications. But I was determined to stay with my choice of typing, “ I will be a really good typist,” I told her. She accepted me. The typing instuctor admitted me into his class to give me one month as a trial（试验的） period to find out whether I could really handle the course well. I had tried my very best to master the machine. I was allowed to continue with the course after the trial period.
On the fifth month of the six-month course, I was called to the office of the chief instructor. I was one of five students in our class who was chosen to do some copy typing from the files（文件，文档） of the department. I knew I would was chosen to do some copy typing from the files of the department. I knew I would be very efficient. While I was working hard on the typewriter, taking every care to neat（整洁，整齐） and fast, my other companions spent their time talking and reading. I finished half of the work given to all of us.
More work came to me after this test. I could see quite clearly the way to
achieving my dream. I was taken on as one of the typists in one of the offices
immediately after my graduation. I did not mind starting at the bottom of the ladder. Being a typist was just the beginning of the climb. Having achieved one dream, I set
out to achieve others. I worked and studied at the same time, which was no easy task. But the sacrifice proved rewarding.
Overcoming one challenge after another gives me self-confidence. The
challenges help strengthen my courage and build up my positive attitude toward life. All these elements are necessary for the dream-come-true formula（公式）,
Dreamers should keep reaching out for their dreams, no matter what the pain, until they get what they want in life. When they are settled comfortably, they can sit back and tell the world, “ I did it alone .”
Select the most appropriate answer for each of the following questions.
1. The theme of the article is______
A) that typing is suituable for handicapped people
B) to tell how a handicapped person fulfilled her dream of becoming a typist
C) to encourage the handicapped to become typists
D) that it is not easy for the handicapped to become typists
2. The tone of the article is _______
A) encouraging
B) sad
C) hopeful
D) disappointing
3. For the writer, being physically unattractive is ______
A) unfortunate
B) a good force to develop her other abilities
C) fortunate
D) an obstacle to becoming a typist
4. The sentence “ I refused to sit in the back row. ” ( para.4 , line 1) means that the writer ______
A) didn‟t like sitting behind everybody else
B) liked to sit in the front
C) wanted to change her seat
D) didn‟t like being looked down on by other people
5. The writer eventually _______
A) became the cleverest student in the typing class
B) achieved her dream
C) failed in her attempt to get the right qualifications
D) gave up dressmaking
秋日还京陕西十里作阅读答案及翻译篇六
《《说虎》阅读答案及翻译》
《说虎》阅读答案及翻译
虎之力于人不啻(ch )倍也。虎利其爪牙，而人无之，又倍其力①焉，别人之食于虎也，无怪矣。然虎之食人不恒见，而虎之皮人常寝处之，何哉?虎用力，人用智;虎自用其爪牙，而人用物。故力之用一②，而智之用百;爪牙之用各一，而物之用百;以一敌百，虽猛必不胜。故人之为虎食者，有智与物而不能用者也。是故天下之用力而不用智者，与自用而不用人者，皆虎之类也。其为人获而寝处其皮也，何足怪哉? 导读：人之所以为万物之灵，一则有发达的大脑，因而有高于万物的智慧;一则有发达的双手，因而能制造并使用工具。有这两点，因而能无敌于天下。但有的人，有大脑而不会用智，有双手而不会使物，以至于只能“自用而不用人”，那么其结果必将是“为人获而寝处其皮”，实在太可悲了。
注释：①又倍其力：它的力量又加倍了。②力之用一：力量的功用只有一点。
阅读题：
一、解释加点的词
1.虎之力于人不啻倍也( )( ) 2.而虎之皮人常寝处之( )
3.则人之食于虎也( ) 4.然虎之食人不恒见
( )
二、翻译
1.故力之用一，而智之用百。
2.是故天下之用力而不用智者，与自用而不用人者，皆虎之类也。
3.其为人获而寝处其皮也，何足怪哉?
三、作者在本文中告诉我们一个什么道理?
参考答案：
一、1.与人相比 止 2.坐卧 3.被 4.不常见
二、l.所以力量的功用只有一点，而智慧的功用非常之多。 2.所以世上用力而不用智，与只用一己之力而不能发挥他人作用的人，都是虎的同类。 3.它被人捕获，被人所杀而“寝处其皮”，有什么值得奇怪的呢?
三、人是万物之灵，有大脑要学会用智，有双手要学会使物，这样才能“虎之皮人常寝处。”
《说虎》翻译：
老虎的力量同人相比，所差不止一倍。虎爪牙锋利，而人没有那样的尖爪利牙，老虎的力量又比人大几倍，所以人被虎吃掉，没有什么奇怪的。然而虎吃人不常见，而虎皮人常常铺它用它，为什么呢?虎用力气，人用智慧;虎用自己的爪牙，而人借助外物。所以力量的功用只有一点，而智慧的功用非常之多;爪牙的功用是一，而物的功用是百;用一来对抗百，即使勇猛必不获胜。所以人被虎吃掉，是有智慧和外物而不用。所以天下用力而不用智慧的人，与只仗自己一个人而不发挥大家作用的人，都是虎的同类。它被人所获，被人所杀而用其皮来坐卧，有什么值得奇怪的呢?
秋日还京陕西十里作阅读答案及翻译篇七
《课外古文阅读翻译及答案(11—20)》
十一．王冕苦学
王冕者，诸暨（jì）人。七八岁时，父命牧牛垄（lǒng）上，窃入学舍，听诸生诵书；听已，则默记。暮归，忘其牛。或牵牛来责踏田者，父怒,挞（tà）之，已而复如初。母曰：“儿痴如此，何不听其所为!”冕因去依僧寺而居。夜潜出，坐佛膝上，执策映长明灯读之，琅琅达旦。佛像多土偶，狞(níng)恶可怖；冕小儿，恬若不见。安阳韩性闻而异之，录为弟子，学遂为通儒。 (《王冕传》)
【译文】
王冕，诸暨人。七八岁的时候，他的父亲让他到地里放牛，（他）却偷偷的到私塾去，听学生念书，听过之后，就默默的背诵。黄昏回去的时候，却忘了（带）他的牛（回来）。一个人牵着牛问是谁家的(牛)踩坏了庄稼，王冕的父亲非常生气，打了他，事后还是这样。王冕母亲说：“儿子喜欢读书，为什么不任凭他做自己（想做）的事情呢？”王冕因此离开，去寺院居住。晚上偷偷出来，坐在佛像膝上，手执简策映着长明灯读书，书声朗朗直到天亮。佛像大多是土烧制的，狰狞（使人感到）害怕，可怕。王冕当时年幼，平静得好像不知道。安阳韩性听说王冕后对他感到惊异，就收他为弟子。王冕努力学习于是成为当时的大儒。
【答案】
1．①田埂、田畔高地 ②早晨
2．(1)王冕听完后，就默默地记住了。
(2)安阳的韩性听说他苦读的事，认为他与众不同。
3．学舍偷听读书；寺庙借长明灯读书。围绕“学习成才”这一中心言之成理即可，如：学习必须勤奋刻苦；学习条件差，只要努力，照样能成才；逆境出人才
等。
十二、文征明习字
文征明临写《千字文》，日以十本为率，书遂大进。平生于书，未尝苟且，或答人简札（zhá），少不当意，必再三易之不厌，故愈老而愈益精妙。
【译文】
明朝书法家文徴明临摹《千字文》，每天以十本为标准，书法于是就迅速进步起来。他平生对于写字，从不马虎，有时回复别人的书信，稍微有一点不满意，一定要再次更改，不怕麻烦。因此，他的年纪越大，书法就更加精致巧妙。
【答案】
1．终于 对于 有时 书信
2．稍微有些不满意，一定再三修改，不怕麻烦。
3．文征明勤奋习字，获得很大的进步。
十三、薛谭学讴
薛谭学讴(ōu)于秦青，未穷青之技，自谓尽之，遂辞归。秦青弗止，饯行于郊衢（qú），抚节悲歌，声振林木，响遏行云。薛谭乃谢求反，终身不敢言归。
【注解】①讴：这里是歌唱。②饯行于郊衢：饯，设宴送行。郊衢，郊外的大道边。③抚节悲歌：抚节，打着节拍。④薛谭乃谢求反：谢，道歉。
【译文】
薛谭向秦青学习唱歌，还没有学完秦青的技艺，自己就以为学完了，于是便告辞离开。秦青没有劝阻他，在城外大道旁给他送行，秦青打着节拍，高唱悲歌。那歌声使树木振动了，使空中的飞云停住了。 薛谭（听了后）便（向秦青）道歉并请求能回去（继续学习唱歌），（从此）一辈子不敢再说回去的事了。
【答案】
1．①学尽 ②阻止 ③遏止
2．薛谭向秦青学习演唱的本领，他没有学尽秦青的技艺，自认为把师傅的本领完全学尽了 。
3．学习没有止境，要谦虚好学，不能够浅尝辄止 。
十四、任末好学
任末年十四时，学无常师，负笈（jí）不惧险阻。每言：“人而不学，则何以成？”或依林木之下，编茅为庵，削荆为笔，刻树汁为墨。夜则映星望月，暗则缕（lǚ）麻蒿（hāo）以自照。观书有会意者，题其衣裳，以记其事。门徒悦其勤学，更以静衣易之。非圣人之言不视。临终诫曰：“夫人好学，虽死犹存；不学者虽存，谓之行尸走肉耳！”
【译文】
任末十四岁，求学没有固定的老师，背着书籍（去拜师），不怕（一路上的）危险困阻。常常说：人如果不学习，那么凭什么取得成就呢？有时靠在林木下，编白茅为茅草小屋，削荆条制成笔，刻划树汁作为墨水。晚上就在星月下读书，昏暗（的话）就烧麻蒿来自己照亮（书籍）。看书有领会的时候，写在他的衣服上，用来记住这件事。一同求学的人十分喜欢他的勤学，常用干净的衣服交换任末写满字的衣服。不是古代圣贤的著作他是不看的。快死时告诫说：“人喜欢学习，即使死了也好像活着；不学的人，即便是活着，也是庸碌无能，如同行尸走肉一般罢了。”
【答案】
1.①人如果不学习，那么凭什么取得成就？
② 昏暗（的话）就点燃剖扎好的麻蒿条子来照明（书籍）。
2.在艰难的条件下仍坚持勤奋学习
3.行尸走肉。常用来比喻不学无术，无所作为，稀里糊涂得过且过混日子的人。
十五、沈约笃志好学
孤贫，笃志好学，昼夜不释卷。母恐其以劳生疾，常遣减油灭火。而昼之所读，夜辄（zhé）诵之，遂博通群籍，善属文。济阳蔡兴宗闻其才而善之，及为郢yǐnɡ州，引为安西外兵参军，兼记室。兴宗常谓其诸子曰：“沈记室人伦师表，宜善师之。” （节选自《南史·沈约传》）
【译文】
沈约年幼丧父，家境贫寒，志向坚定而且热爱学习，日日夜夜不放下书卷（不知疲劳）。他的母亲担心他因为太劳累而生出疾病，时常让他少添灯油（熄灯）。而（沈约）白天所诵读过的文章，晚上就能够背诵，于是精通众多典籍，能够写出很好的文章。从家中被起用接受朝廷征聘。济阳蔡兴宗听说了他的才能很赏识他。蔡兴宗时为郢州刺史，引荐沈约为安西外兵参军，兼任记室（官名）。蔡兴宗曾经对他的几个儿子说：“沈约的为人堪称师表，你们应该好好地向他学习。”
【答案】
1.（1）担心 （2）听说 （3）等到 （4）学习（以„„为师）
2.（沈约）白天读书，晚上就背诵它（白天所读的书）。
3.笃志好学（专心致志，勤奋好学。）。
十六、范仲淹有志于天下
范仲淹二岁而孤，家贫无依。少有大志，每以天下为己任，发愤苦读，或夜昏怠，辄zhé以水沃面；食不给jǐ，啖dàn粥而读。‖既仕，每慷慨论天下事，奋不顾身。乃至被谗chán受贬，由参知政事谪zhé守邓州。‖仲淹刻苦自励，食不重chóng肉，妻子衣食仅自足而已。常自诵曰：“士当先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐也。”
【译文】
范仲淹两岁的时候就失去了父亲，家中贫困无依。他年轻时就有远大的志向，常常把治理天下作为自己的责任，发奋苦读，有时晚上疲倦了，就用冷水冲头洗脸。连饭也吃不上，就吃粥坚持读书。做官以后，常常谈论天下大事，奋不顾身。以至于遭人谗言被贬官，由参知政事降职作邓州太守。范仲淹刻苦磨炼自己，吃东西不多吃肉，妻子和孩子的衣食仅自保自养罢了。他经常朗诵自己作品中的两句话：“读书人应当在天下人担忧之前先担忧，在天下人享乐之后才享乐。”
【答案】
1.①有时夜里疲惫困倦，常常用冷水洗脸。②妻子和孩子的衣食仅仅自足罢了。
2.①年少家贫而胸有大志。②做官后因直言而遭谗降职。③刻苦自励而心忧天下。
3.岳阳楼记，揭示主题。
十七、王羲之窃读
晋王羲之，字逸少，旷①子也，七岁善书。十二见前代笔说②于父枕中，窃而读之。父曰：“尔何来窃吾所秘？”羲之笑而不答。母曰：“尔看用笔法？”父见其小，恐不能秘之，曰：“待尔成人，吾授也。”羲之拜请:“今而用之使待成人恐蔽儿幼令③也。”父喜，遂与之。不盈期月，书便大进。卫夫人④见，语yù太常王策曰：“此儿必见用笔诀，近见其书，便有老成之智。”流涕曰：“此子必
秋日还京陕西十里作阅读答案及翻译篇八
《《苏氏文集序》阅读答案及翻译》
《苏氏文集序》阅读答案及翻译 予友苏子美之亡后四年，始得其平生文章遗稿而集录之。子美，杜氏婿也，遂以其集归之，而告于公曰：“斯文，金玉也，弃掷埋没粪土，不能销蚀，必有收而宝之于后世者。虽其埋没而未出，其精气光怪已能常自发见，而物亦不能掩也。故方其摈斥摧挫之时，文章已自行于天下；虽其怨家仇人，及尝能出力而挤之死者，至其文章，则不能少毁而掩蔽之也。凡人之情，忽近而贵远，子美屈于今世犹若此，其伸于后世宜如何也？公其可无恨。”
予尝考前世文章政理之盛衰，而怪唐太宗致治几乎三王之盛，而文章不能革五代之余习。后百有余年，韩、李②之徒出，然后元和之文始复于古。唐衰兵乱，又百余年而圣宋兴。又百余年，而古文始盛于今。文章或不能纯粹，或迟久而不相及，何其难之若是欤！岂非难得其人欤？嗟吾子美，以一酒食之过③，至废为民而流落以死；此其可以叹息流涕。
子美之齿少于予，而予学古文反在其后。天圣之间，予见时学者务以言语声偶擿裂④，号为“时文”，以相夸尚。而子美独与其兄作古歌诗杂文，时人颇共非笑之，而子美不顾也。其后天子患时文之弊，下诏书，讽勉学者以近古，由是其风渐息，而学者稍趋于古焉。独子美为于举世不为之时，其始终自守，可谓特立之士也。
子美官至集贤校理而废，后为湖州长史以卒，享年四十有一。其状貌奇伟，望之昂然，而即之温温，久而愈可爱慕。其材虽高，而人亦不甚嫉忌，其击而去之者，意不在子美也。赖天子聪明仁圣，凡当时所指名而排斥，二三大臣而下，欲以子美为根而累之者，皆蒙保全，今并列于荣宠。虽与子美同时饮酒得罪之人，多一时之豪俊，亦被收采，进显于朝廷，而子美独不幸死矣，岂非其命也，悲夫！
（选自《唐宋八大家文选》，有改动）
【注】①苏氏文集：即苏舜钦文集。苏舜钦，字子美，宋初著名散文家、诗人，北宋诗文革新运动的倡导者。②韩、李：指韩愈，李翱。③ 酒食之过：庆历五年苏子美用卖故纸的公款宴请宾客，被御史中丞以“监守自盗”的罪名弹劾。④以言语声偶擿裂：摘取古代典籍中的文句，再用声调平仄、对偶等方法拼凑成文章。擿裂，剔取割裂。
2．对下列句子中加点词的解释，不正确的一项是 ( ) （3分）
A．公其可无恨 恨：遗憾
B．遂以其集归之 归：属于
C．望之昂然，而即之温温 即：接近
D．欲以子美为根而累之者 累：株连
3．下列句子中，肯定苏子美文学才华、文学追求的一组是( ) （3分）
①必有收而宝之于后世者 ②则不能少毁而掩蔽之也
③号为时文，以相夸尚 ④时人颇共非笑之，而子美不顾也
⑤独子美为于举世不为之时 ⑥而即之温温，久而愈可爱慕A．①③⑤ B．②③⑥ C．①④⑥ D．②④⑤
4．下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括，不正确的一项是( ) （3分）
A．苏子美遭受排挤挫折时，文章却流传于天下，即使他的怨家仇人，也不能够损毁掩盖他文章的光芒。
B．唐朝初年，文章还留有五代文风的余习；一百多年后韩愈、李翱等人出现，文章才恢复了古文传统；宋朝兴起后，又过了近百年，古文才开始兴盛。
C．苏子美有个性思想，见解独特，在当时文坛“时文”风行之时，他不为所动，坚持写古体诗文，被当时很多人非议嘲笑。
D．苏子美因“酒食之过”遭弹劾而被罢官，后来任湖州长史死去；当初攻击驱逐他的人却被保全，得到荣耀恩宠，并在朝廷担任显要职务。
5．把原文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(6分)
（1）凡人之情，忽近而贵远，子美屈于今世犹若此，其伸于后世宜如何也？（3分）
（2）天子患时文之弊，下诏书，讽勉学者以近古。（3分）
参考答案：本文由“中小学作文阅读答案网”整理提供
2．B（归：还给）3．D 4．D(“攻击驱逐他的人”不当) 5．（1）大凡人们的感情，都是轻视近代，看重古代，子美困窘地生活在今天，文章还如此受人重视，将来他的文章该会怎样受到人们的喜爱啊!（“忽、贵” 1分。“屈于今世犹若此”1分，“其伸于后世宜如何也？”1分。（2）皇上担忧时文的弊端，下诏书，劝勉学写文章的人要学习古文传统。
[患：担忧。讽勉：规劝。（讽：劝勉）1分。近古：学习（接近）古文传统。（近：接近，学习）1分]
【参考译文】
我的朋友苏子美死后四年，我才得到他生平的文章遗稿收集抄录。子美是杜家的女婿，我便把这部文集归还他家，并告诉杜公说："这些文章是珍贵的金玉。即使被丢弃埋没在粪土中，也不会消磨腐蚀的。将来一定有人收藏珍爱它。即使它被埋没，没有显露出来，它的灵气、奇异的光芒常常自动地显现出来，外物也不能掩盖它。所以当子美遭排挤挫折的时候，他的文章已经传于天下。即使他的怨家仇人，以及曾经出力排挤，把他置于绝境的人，对他的文章却一点都不能贬低、遮蔽。大凡人们的感情，都是轻视近代，看重古代，子美困窘地生活在今天，文章还如此受人重视，将来他的文章该会怎样受到人们的喜爱啊!杜公您可以没有遗憾了。”
我曾经考察前代文学、政治的兴盛衰落，很奇怪唐太宗将国家治理得兴盛太平，接近三代圣王盛世时代，可是在文章方面，却不能革除齐梁等朝浮靡文风的残余习气。此后一百多年，韩愈、李翱这些人出现，这之后元和年代的文章才恢复了古代传统。唐朝衰亡，战事绘乱，又过了一百多年，大宋兴起。又过了几百年，古文才在今天兴盛起来。文章或不能纯正精粹，或过了很久还赶不上时代的步伐。为什么如此困难呢?难道不是因为难以得到那能够振兴文风的人才吗?可叹我的朋友子美，因为一顿酒饭的过失，以致罢官为民，流落异乡而死，这真是令人叹息流泪啊。
子美的年龄比我小，可是我学习古文而在他之后。天圣年间，我见到当时学习写文章的人，追求文辞声调对偶和摘取古人文句，称之为“时文”，还以此相互夸耀推崇但唯独子美和兄长写作古体诗歌和杂文，当时的人都非议讥笑他们，但子美却不为理睬。后来，天子担忧时文的弊端，发布诏书勉励写文章的人学习古文，从此那种推崇时文的风气渐渐停止，而学写文章的人也逐渐趋向古文了。只有子美在全社会都不写古文时却努力去写，他始终独自坚持，真可以算得是个具有独立见解的人了。
子美做官升到集贤较理就被撤职，后来任湖州长史直到死去，享年四十一岁。他的形貌奇特魁伟，看上去高傲的样子，可是接近他却感到和蔼可亲，时间长了更加令人喜爱仰慕。他的才能虽然很高，可是别人对他也不怎么嫉恨。他们攻击他、把他排挤走，用意不在打击子美本人。全靠皇上聪明仁圣，凡是当时被指名受排斥、从两三个大臣往下、有人欲借苏子美事件对他们进行株连陷害的人，都被保全下来了，现在都得到了荣耀恩宠。当年跟子美一起饭酒获罪的人，很多都是闻名一时的杰出人物，现在都重新被收录选用，在朝廷上担任显要职位。可是唯独子美不幸死了，难道不是他的命运吗？悲衰啊！
UNIT 1
1.His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by.
他想当足球明星的梦想随着时间的推移慢慢消退了。
2. A Boeing 747 aircraft didn’t gain enough height to clear the mountain. In a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. No one survived the accident.
一架波音747飞机没有升到足够的高度以飞越那座高山，转瞬间一头撞向大山爆炸了。机上无人生还。
3. Students have easy access to the resources in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it. 学生们可以很容易地获得图书馆的资源，所以他们应该充分地利用好图书馆。
4. Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at that time, hit an iceberg when she was under way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.
当时世界上最豪华的游轮泰坦尼克号在她前往美国的途中撞到了冰山，结果轮船沉没在大西洋中，成百上千的人死于这场海难。
5. Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach. They lie packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunbathing.
每年夏天，游客们都涌向这一著名的海滩。来此享受日光浴的游客像沙丁鱼一样挤满了海滩。
6. They have been to St. Louis once and have a vague general knowledge of its wonders, but the day of their glory is over now. They lapse into a humble silence and learn to disappear when the ruthless engineer approaches.
他们曾经到圣路易斯去过一次，对于那把的新奇食物稍微知道一个大概，可是现在他们的光荣时代已成过去了。他们从此自知没趣，再也不说话了，而且每逢这个毫不留情的机匠走过来的时候，他们就知道赶快躲开。
UNIT 2
l. Some cyber gurus claim that the Internet will prevent wars, reduce pollution, and combat various forms of inequality.
有些网络专家认为因特网可以防止战争,减少污染,还能克服种种形式的不平等。
2. Although the Internet undeniably fosters communications, it will not put an end to war, since wars are by no means caused simply by the failure of different peoples to understand each other adequately. 不可否认，因特网可以增进交流，但它却无法消除战争，因为战争的爆发不仅仅是由于不同种族间缺乏充分理解而引起的。
3. The Internet can help reduce energy consumption and pollution only if doing things online genuinely displaces real-world activities.
只有当网上的活动能够真正取代现实世界中的行为时，因特网才能帮助节约能源，减少污染。
4. The poor are not shunning the Internet because they cannot afford it. The problem is that they lack the skills to exploit it effectively. Therefore, it makes more sense to aim for universal literacy than universal Internet access.
穷人不能用因特网并不是因为他们买不起，而是他们缺乏必要的技能来有效地利用它，所以提高老百姓的文化水平要比给他们提供上网机会更有意义。
5. Thanks to the Internet, income inequality between people doing similar jobs in different countries has been reduced. However, the inequality between information workers in poor countries and their poorest compatriots has been increased.
因为有了因特网，在不同国家从事类似工作的人们之间收入上的不平等减少了，但是贫穷国家中从事信息产业的人们与他们最贫穷的同胞之间在收入上的差异却拉大了。
6. If human nature remains stubbornly unchanged, despite the claims of the techno-prophets, humanity cannot simply invent away its failings.
如果人类的本性始终固执地保持不变，不管科技预言家的预言是什么，，人类的发明也绝不能克服其自身的缺陷。
UNIT 4
l. I find that walking along the quiet lake can provide refreshment from a day's sedentary job. 我发现在办公室坐了一天之后，晚上沿着静静的湖边散散步会令人神清气爽。
2. Exercising and relaxing yourse1f is often prescribed as an effective cure for fatigue.
锻炼和放松自己通常被认为是治疗疲劳症的有效方法。
3. The less active you are, the faster this aging process accelerates, and the more vulnerable you become to physical and psychoIogica1 problems.
你的活动量越小，机体老化的过程就越快，你就越容易面临生理和心理方面的种种问题。
4. Even if you keep up dieting, you cannot reduce to the point where you achieve the kind of body-shaping you want.
即使你坚持节食，你也不可能减到你所希望的那种身材的程度。
5. People thought he had happy late years during which time he did litt1e but slept and ate, yet he was often tired and depressed.
人们认为他有一个幸福的晚年，因为在这期间他除了睡觉、吃饭几乎什么事情都不做。但他却常常感到疲惫和心情压抑。
6. In the past when hay was baled by hand and laundry scrubbed on a washboard, people seldom
complained of tiredness. However, people feel dragged out and complain a lot in the modern time of 1aborsaving devices and convenient transportation.
过去，人们用搓衣板洗衣服，用手捆干草，很少抱怨疲劳；而如今人们拥有各种节省体力的装置和方便的交通设施，但却总是抱怨疲劳不堪。
UNIT 11
l. The main concern of the people is that if China’s urban economy can not join international intercourse, our country will be in a disadvantageous situation in the world market.
人们主要关心的是如果城市经济不能和国际接轨，我国在世界竞争中就会处于被动。
2. Smuggling operations not only disorder our markets, and evade custom duty, but also harm the survival and development of national industry.
走私不仅扰乱市场，偷逃关税，而且还危害到民族工业的生存与发展。
3. To promote the rapid development of economy the government is trying to restore public confidence in its management of the economy.
为了促进经济的迅速发展，政府正在努力恢复公众对其经济管理的信心。
4. This popular theory must be discarded in the light of new findings for the benefit of the majority of the people.
由于新的发现，为了大多数人的利益，必须放弃这一已被广泛接受的理论。
5. In order to protect the environment, traditional farming methods are coming into use in many areas in Europe.
为了保护环境，传统的农业方法正在欧洲很多地区越来越多地得到使用。
6. Because of the time limit and the shortage of human resources, the firm has not yet managed to find new premises that are suitable for their purpose.
由于时间有限，又缺乏人力，这个公司还没有找到适合他们需要的新的场地。
秋日还京陕西十里作阅读答案及翻译篇十
《秋日还京陕西十里作》
《秋日还京陕西十里作》是初唐诗人薛稷写的一首五言古诗。全诗在自然质朴的语言中，深深地蕴含着对故土的思念、对政治的隐忧和对人生短暂的感慨，在沉郁哀伤的音调中，透露出一种骏爽刚健的风格特征，这正是杜甫所称道的古风，亦即建安风骨的体现，也正是沈德潜所说的“高浑超逸”之处。在从容的外表下，激昂慷慨的感情，深深地触动读者的心弦，产生出强烈的感染力。
秋日还京陕西十里作
驱车越陕郊，北顾临大河。隔河望乡邑，秋风水增波。
西登咸阳途，日暮忧思多。傅岩既纡郁，首山亦嵯峨。
操筑无昔老，采薇有遗歌。客游节回换，人生知几何？
作品注释
⑴嵯峨（cuó é）：形容山势高峻。
⑵筑（zhú）：古代一种击弦乐器。
作品鉴赏
伟大诗人杜甫在《观薛稷少保书画壁》一诗中称赞说：“少保有古风，得之《陕郊篇》。”《陕郊篇》就是这首《秋日还京陕西十里作》。“京”指长安，诗中以咸阳代指。“陕西十里”，即河南陕县以西十里的长亭，古代五里一短亭，十里一长亭，供行役者途中暂息。这首诗，就是薛稷从陕县西回京城长安时，途中所作。清代沈德潜也给以很高评价，说这首诗：“高浑超逸，火色俱融。少陵云：‘ 少保有古风，得之《陕郊篇》。’见重于哲匠，不偶然也。”
诗作表现的是一种对故乡的深深眷念之情。首句“驱车越陕郊”，“驱”、“越”两个动词的连用，开篇就给人一种马不停蹄、车轮滚滚、行色匆匆之感，为王命奔波的辛苦和自己的飘忽无定，全都隐含在字句之中，为引出下文，不露声色地作了巧妙的伏笔。陕县在黄河南岸，诗人回长安正是沿河而行，他在车中望见了一河之隔的北岸的故乡—— 山西蒲州。
一个“望”字，活画出诗人引颈翘首，深情注目故土的情景，触发出无穷的乡思。那宽阔无垠的大河上，秋风凄紧，正卷起浩渺无际的滚滚波涛，一片苍茫迷蒙，只听见浩荡的水声。此时此刻，自己既不能回归故里，连眼中的故乡也只有一些依稀的影子，一种强烈的思乡之念使胸中不禁涌起难解的忧愁。开始四句起得极为自然，语言朴实，但境界却十分阔大，诗人的思乡之情在这种阔大的境界中，被表现得格外广远无际和沉郁苍凉。
由于望家乡而不见，一片乡思萦绕不去，日暮之时，诗人想到了家乡蒲州的两座名山，并因山及人。
两座山一是傅岩，又叫傅险，在蒲州平陆东，相传为商朝奴隶傅说从事版筑（即筑土墙）之处，后来傅说被商王武丁任为大臣，国政得到了很好的治理。然而，现在那曲折幽深的傅岩山上，已经再也没有傅说这样的人了。二是首阳山，又叫雷首山，在蒲州永济南。
据《史记·伯夷列传》记载：周初殷朝遗民伯夷、叔齐两兄弟义不食周粟，采薇首阳山，作《采薇歌》，最后终于饿死在首阳山。然而，现在那巍峨险峻的首阳山上，也已经再没有伯夷、叔齐这样的人了，只剩下了这首《采薇歌》。这些，当然是从对家乡的怀恋中产生出的对古人的追念，表现出作者仰慕贤士、高人的思想，但同时也流露出对当今政治的隐忧。和盼望有高尚的、具有非凡才干的人出来治理国家，使天下得到安定的心理。这里面，包含着诗人深沉的感慨和忧虑。
最后，诗人又从思乡之念中，想到自己已经多年客游在外了，时间像轮回般地不断前进，一生不知还有多长的时间。于是诗人把思乡之情，扩展到了对人生无常的感叹，表现了更为深长、悲凉的意味，使得全诗至此充满了一种令人回肠荡气的思想感情。
在结构上，诗人也作了不落窠臼的安排。全诗之“眼”在“日暮忧思多”一句。按说，诗人完全可以把在全诗中具有重要作用的“西登咸阳途，日暮忧思多”二句放在开头，以统领全篇，从“多”字逐一展开，以抒发乡思、隐忧和人生感喟。但是，若此，就显得较为平直，难以表现那种起伏跌宕的情绪。因此，诗人先从思乡写起，到“西登”二句时，突然作一顿挫，这样，即使乡情显得强烈，
又为下文表现从乡情生发开去的复杂思想，作了铺垫。这一收一放，使得诗情分外遒劲有力，那种骏爽刚健的风格也凸现在读者眼前。同时，在“西登”二句前后，句法上也是有意造成对比。“驱车”四句，纯是散行，在气势流转中，极为自然地抒发思乡情怀。而“傅岩”四句，却是工丽的对偶，使语言显得十分精美，在深沉婉曲中，传达了不易言喻的隐衷。这样，在变化中，感情得到了丰富的体现。最后两句，又以散句结束，“客游”一句照应篇首，“人生”一句拓展诗意，在回环谨严中又有宕逸，形式上十分完美。沈德潜说“火色俱融”，就是指它的内容和形式的高度统一，确非虚誉，难怪它得到了伟大诗人杜甫的称赞，使它成为薛稷的代表作。
作者简介
薛稷（649—713）唐代诗人、书画家。字嗣通，蒲州汾阳（今山西万荣西）人。官位显通，官至太子少保，礼部尚书，人称“薛少保”。他的外祖魏征，家富图籍，多有虞世南、褚遂良墨迹，薛稷锐精模写，穷年忘倦，遂以擅书名世。他的文章、绘画，也颇精丽，杜甫的诗中多有咏赞。
5、首句“驱车越陕郊，北顾临大河”一句中的动词富有表现力，请试做分析。（5分）
解题思路
先找出首句当中的动词出来，有“驱”、“越”、“顾”、“临”。再从这些动词中分析表现力。
如何分析表现力？为什么使用这些动词，这些动词使用时为了说明什么。分析时，结合诗句内容和诗句表达的情感。
① “驱”、“越”两个动词的连用，开篇就给人一种马不停蹄、车轮滚滚、行色匆匆之感,写出了诗人奔波的辛苦和飘忽无定。（3分)
②“顾”形象地表现出诗人对故乡的留念之情。（2分）
6、诗人说“日暮忧思多”，请结合全诗分析诗人都有哪些忧思？（6分）
解题思路
结合具体诗句分析情感，题干中“哪些”说明情感不唯一，有多少情感就写多少情感。
诗歌中前四句，写出了对故乡的眷恋，其中“北顾”、“望乡”生动形象的写眺望家乡；中间六句傅岩、伯夷、叔齐典故的使用（结合诗下小注）表达了对古人的追思，说明当今已无这样的贤士，流露出对当今政治的隐忧；诗歌的最后两句，想到自己“客游”多年，尤其是“人生知几何”更是表达了对人生无常的感叹。
①开头四句，写自己奔波在外，眺望家乡，表现的是一种对故乡的深深眷念之倩；（2分)
②借家乡名山的典故，写已无傅岩、伯夷、叔齐这样的贤士,表达了对古人的追念与仰慕，也流露出对当今政治的隐忧；（2分)
③最后，诗人想到自己已多年客游在外,时间像轮回般地不断前进，一生还能有多长的时间呢？表达了对人生无常的感叹。（2分）