汉语或英语谚语

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汉语或英语谚语篇一
《英文谚语的汉语翻译

英文谚语的汉语翻译

有两则关于同一条英语谚语Blood is thicker than water的译例。

其一是“清水不浓血却浓”,其二是“血浓于水”。从字面上看,上述两则译例译得固然不错,似无可厚非。

译文读起来很顺,又比较易懂,但读后似有不知所云之感。这是因为译文的形象没能准确地传达出这条谚语的

喻义来。

Longman Dictionary of English Idioms(p.28)上对这条谚语的解释是"The relationship between people

of the same family is stronger than other,relationships”因此,这则谚语似可以借用汉语中一句俗语

“亲不亲一家人”来译更能表达出“属于同一血缘关系的一家人比别人更亲近一些”的寓意。

语言是文化的表现形式。谚语同文学作品、诗歌一样是语言的精华。英语谚语是富于色彩的语言形式,一般具有生动形象、喻义明显、富于哲理的语言特征。在一定程度上,英语谚语反映了英语民族的文化特点。因此,翻译英语谚语时,仅仅以语言之间词汇的同义性(等价性)为前提,寻求对等的表现是不够的。译者须较多运用汉语 的表现手段,力求能再现英语谚语的语言风格和丰富内涵。只有多注意英语谚语字面以外所特有的语言内涵色彩, 才能使译文讽喻得当,宜于说理,又不失原来谚语所具有的语言形象。

某些英语谚语和汉语成语、俗语在表现形式和含义方面是一致的或基本一致的。汉译这些英语时,可惜用与其喻义相同或相近的成语或谚语及俗语直接对译。这样不但可以比较好地保持原文的神韵和形式,又使译文易于

为读者或听者接受。如:

Pride comes before a fall.骄兵必败。

Amiss is as good as a mile.差之毫厘,失之千里。

Two is company,but three is none。两个和尚抬水吃,三个和尚无水吃。

Walls have ear.隔墙有耳。

Enough is as good as a feast.知足常乐。

有些英语谚语虽然在语言习惯和文化背景方面和其相对的汉语谚语之间存在着某些差异,而且所比喻的事物并不一样,但他们的喻义却相互吻合,而且表达方式也很相似,汉译这些英语谚语时,常常需要“易其形式,存其精神”,

即采用形象近似的汉语成语意译。这样可使译文既喻义明显,又含而不露,且可再现原文所具有的语言效果,容易达意。

如:

Two can play the game.孤掌难鸣。

Newbroom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。

Speak of the devil,and he appears.说曹操,曹操到。

The grass is greener on the other side of the hill.这山望着那山高。

Putting the cart before the horse.本末倒置。

有些英语谚语意在言外,语言含蓄,寓意深刻。如果仅从字面意义直译成汉语,而不领会原文的具体含义及其效果,译文势必平淡无味。这样既不能表达意思,又有损于原文的语言形象和丰富内涵。因此,在翻译时,应在汉语中寻找那些与原文喻义相同或效果相似的成语、谚语或俗语来表达,则会使译文形象生动,准确达意。试比较下列各译例。

People who live in glass houses should not throw stones.如译成“住在玻璃房子里的人,不应扔石头”不如译成“己有过,勿正人”或“责人必先责己”。

In fair weather prepare for the foul.如译成“晴天要防阴天”,不如译成“有备无患”或“居安思危”或“未雨绸缪”。

Murder will out.如译成“谋杀终必败露”,不如译成“纸包不住火”。

Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.如译成“愚者敢闯天使不敢去的地方”,不如译成“初生牛犊不怕虎”。

One cannot make an omelette without breaking eggs。如译成“想吃煎蛋卷,就得打鸡蛋”, 不如译成工“有得必有失”或甚至可以引申为“不破不立”。

如果所要翻译的谚语喻义清新,形象逼真,按其字面直译其意,就能表达出原文的喻义来,则可直译。这样做既能较

完整地保存原文的表达方式,且又可丰富我们自己的语言文化,一举两得,请看下面的译例。

God helps those who help themselves.上帝帮助那些自己帮助自己的人。或“自助者天助之”。

Money is the root of all evil.金钱是万恶之源。

An empty sack cannot stand upright.空袋立不直。

Do as you would be done by. 以你所期望的别人待你的方式待人。

这与另一谚语: Don't do unto others what you don't want others do unto you.“己所不欲勿施于人”很相似。

Money talks.钱能通神。

有些英语谚语常常采用对称的修辞手段。使用这一修辞手段的目的在于加强语势,宜于说理,读后有心悦诚眼之感。

汉译这些谚语时,应适当注意保持其修辞色彩,以便体现原文的表达方式。如: You may take a horse to the water, but you can’t make it drink.

如果按字面译成,“你可以把马牵到河边去,但不能叫它饮水”至少是没有充分体现这句谚语本身所具有的强烈对比

色彩。从语法分析的观点看,在这个句子里,情态动词may和can虽然都表示“可能”的,但在含义上有所不同。这里may

表示“事实上的可能性”,而can则表示“逻辑上的可能性”。并列连词but使前后两个分句意义相反,对比色彩强烈。

在这种情况下,译文也必须力求对偶整齐,前后呼应,形成对照。如将此句译作“牵马河边易,逼它饮水难”或“老牛不喝水,不能强按头”会更好些。

总之,即使像谚语这样孤立的语句,翻译时也需尽一番揣摩切磋之功,否则译文就

可能与原文“貌合神离”,文不达意。 译事艰辛也许正在于此。

汉语或英语谚语篇二
《从英语谚语对汉语的影响看中西文化的异同》

汉语或英语谚语篇三
《英文谚语短语中英文双语对照版A系列》

英文谚语短语中英文双语对照版A系列(proverb A 1-49)

1.A bad thing never dies. 好人不长寿,祸害遗千年。

2.A bad workman always blames his tools.

笨工匠总是怪工具差。

3.A baited cat may grow as fierce as a lion.

人急悬梁,狗急跳墙。

4.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.

两鸟在林不如一鸟在手。

5.A bully is always a coward.

欺负弱小者永远是懦夫。

6.A burnt child dreads the fire.

一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。

7.A cat has nine lives.

猫有九条命;吉人自有天相。

8.A cat may look at a king. 小人物也有些权利。

9.A clear conscience can bear any trouble.

平时不做亏心事,夜半敲门心不惊。

10.A cook is bold on his own dunghill. 狗仗人势。

11.A constant guest is never welcome.

常客难受欢迎。

12.A contented mind is a perpetual feast.

知足常乐。

13.A cracked bell can never sound well.

狗嘴里长不出象牙来。

14.A crooked stick will have a crooked shadow.

上梁不正下梁歪。

15.A deceitful peace is more hurtful than an open war. 明枪易躲,暗箭难防。

16.A door must be either shut or open.

门非关即开;二者择其一。

17.A drowning man will clutch at a straw.

溺水之人不放过一根稻草;病急乱投医。

18.A dwarf on a giant's shoulders sees the farther of the two.

巨人肩上的侏儒看得远;借重他人的经验好处多。

19.A fault confessed is half redressed.

知错能改,善莫大焉。

20.A fool and his money are soon parted.

笨人难聚财。

21.A fool's mouth is his destruction. 祸从口出。

22.A forced kindness deserves no thanks.

勉强的善行不值得感谢。

23.A fox may grow grey but never good.

江山易改,本性难移。

24.A friend in need is a friend indeed.

患难见真情。

25.A full purse never lacks friend.

有钱有酒,必有朋友。

26.A golden key opens every door. 钱能通神。

27.A good husband makes a good wife. 夫善则妻贤。

28.A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。

29.A good name is sooner lost than won.

美誉易失难得。

30.A good tale is none the worse for being told twice. 动人的故事令人百听不厌。

31.A hedge between keeps friendship green.

君子之交淡如水。

32.A honey tongue, a heart of gall.

嘴甜如蜜,心黑如漆。

33.A house divided against itself cannot stand. 不和之家难长存。

34.A Jack of all trades is master of none.

样样皆通者样样不精。

35.A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 万丈高楼平地起。

36.A lazy youth, a lousy age.

少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。

37.A leopard cannot change his spots.

江山易改,本性难移。

38.A liar is not believed when he tells the truth. 常说谎话的人就算是说真话也没人信。

39.A lion may come to be beholden to a mouse.

强者亦有求助于弱者的时候。

40.A little fire burns up a great deal of corn. 星星之火可以燎原。

41.A little gall spoils a great deal of honey. 一粒老鼠屎,坏了一锅粥。

42.A little leak will sink a great ship.

牵一发而动全身。

43.A little learning is a dangerous thing.

一知半解最危险。

44.A little neglect may breed great mischief.

一失足成千古恨,再回首已百年身。

45.A man apt to promise is apt to forget.

轻诺者,信必寡。

46.A man cannot spin and reel at the same time. 一心不可二用。

47.A man without a smiling face must not open a shop. 和气生财。

48.A miss is as good as a mile.

失之毫厘,谬之千里。

49.A near neighbor is better than a distant cousin. 远亲不如近邻。

50.A new broom sweeps clean. 新官上任三把火。

51.A rolling stone gathers no moss. 滚石不生苔。

52.A slow fire makes sweet malt. 慢工出细活。

53.A sound mind in a sound body.

有健全的身体,才有健全的心智。

54.A still tongue makes a wise head. 寡言为智。

55.A stitch in time saves nine.

及时行事,事半功倍。

56.A thing of beauty is a joy for ever.

美的事物是永恒的喜悦。

57.A word is enough to the wise. 聪明人一点就通。

58.A word spoken is past recalling.

一言既出,四马难追。

59.A young idler, an old beggar.

少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。

60.A-day-old puppy doesn't know to be afraid of the tiger. 初生之犊不畏虎。

61.Able men are always busy. 能者多劳。

62.Absence makes the heart grow fonder.

小别塍新婚。

63.Accidents will happen in the best-regulated families. 家规再严也难免会出问题。

64.According to your purse govern your mouth.

量入为出。

65.Actions speak louder than words.

行动胜于空谈。

66.Advice when most needed is least heeded.

忠言逆耳。

67.After a storm comes a calm.

雨过天晴;否极泰来;苦尽甘来。

68.All are not thieves that dogs bark at.

狗所吠之人未必皆为贼;勿以貌取人。

69.All cats are grey in the dark.

所有的猫在黑暗中皆为灰色;美貌是不重要的。

70.All good things come to an end.

天下无不散的筵席。

71.All is vanity. 四大皆空。

72.All lay loads on a willing horse.

良驹负重担;马善被人骑。

73.All roads lead to Rome.

条条大路通罗马;行行出壮元。

74.All that glitters is not gold.

闪闪发光者未必都是金。

75.All the winning is in the first buying.

先下手为强。

76.All things are difficult before they are easy. 凡事必先难而后易。

77.All things are easy that are done willingly. 天下无难事,只怕有心人。

78.All things in their being are good for something. 天生我才必有用。

79.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

只工作而不玩乐,会使人变得迟钝。

80.All's fair in love and war.

情场如战场,任何手段皆可行。

81.All's fish that comes to the net.

进网的无不是鱼;来者不拒。

82.All's well that ends well. 结局好的就算好。

83.An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.

以眼还眼,以牙还牙。

84.An old man's sayings are seldom untrue.

不听老人言,吃亏在眼前。

85.Any port is a good port in a storm.

暴风雨中,任何港口皆是好的避难所。

86.Anybody can make mistakes.

人非圣贤,熟能无过。

87.Appearances are deceptive.

外表欺人;勿以貌取人。

88.Art is long, life is short.

人生短暂,而学问无穹。

89.As well be hanged for a sheep as a lamb.

偷小羊与偷大羊同为绞刑;一不做,二不休。

90.As you brew, so you must drink. 自作自受。

As you make your bed, so you must lie on it.

自己做事,自己当。

91.As you sow, so shall you reap.

种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。

92.Ask no questions and be told no lies.

不问问题就听不到假话;小孩有耳无嘴。

93.Avoid a questioner, for he is also a tattler. 避免与好探人隐私,搬弄是非之人在一起。

94.Bad news travels fast.

好事不出门,坏事传千里。

95.Barking dogs seldom bite. 会叫的狗不会咬人。

96.Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

情人眼里出西施。

97.Beauty is only skin deep.

美只是表面的;不可以貌取人。

98.Beggars can't be choosers.

乞丐绝无挑选的权利;有求于人者无权挑剔。

99.Best is cheapest. 最好的即是最划算的。

100.Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow.

今日一只鸡蛋胜过明日一支母鸡;把握现在。

101.Better be a fool than a knave.

宁为傻瓜,不做无赖。

102.Better be an old man's darling than a young man's slave. 宁为老头的爱人,也不愿成为小伙子的奴隶。

@Better be sure than sorry.

宁求安全亦不做可能会陷于险境之事。

@Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion. 宁为鸡首,不为牛后。 @Better bend than break.

宁曲勿折;大丈夫能屈能伸。

@Better late than never.

晚做总比不做好;亡羊捕牢,未为晚也。

@Better master one than engage with ten.

学多不如学精。

@Better one eye witness than two hearsay witnesses. 耳闻不如目见。

@Better the devil you know than the devil you don't know. 明枪易躲,暗箭难防。 @Better to ask the way than go astray.

问道于人总比迷失于途要强。

@Between two stools you fall to the ground.

脚踏两条船,迟早会落水。

@Birds in their little nests agree.

同巢之鸟相处好;家和万事兴。

@Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚。

@Blessed is he who expects nothing, for he shall @never be disappointed. 一无所求者无失望之虞。

@Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。

@Books and friends should be few but good.

书与朋友,贵精而不贵多。

@Bread is the staff of life. 民以食为天。

@Burn not your house to fright the mouse away.

莫为灭鼠而焚屋;勿小题大作。

@Business is business. 公事公办。

@Call a spade a spade. 称黑桃为黑桃;有话直说。

@Care killed a cat. 烦恼能杀九命猫。

@Cast never a clout till May is out.

五月前莫收冬衣;勿操之过急。

@Cast not the first stone.

莫丢第一块石头;责人之前先自省。

@Catch not at the shadow and lose the substance. 勿舍本逐末。

@Catch your bear before you sell its skin.

卖熊皮前先捉熊;凡事宜按部就班,不要过于乐观。

@Charity begins at home. 仁爱始于家。

@Children should be seen and not heard.

大人说话,小孩别插嘴。

@Christmas comes but once a year.

圣诞节一年才一次;好日子不能天天过。

@Circumstances alter cases. 此一时,彼一时。

@Clothes do not make the man.

衣冠楚楚者,未必就是正人君子。

汉语或英语谚语篇四
《谚语·中英文》

种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆 No pains,no gains.

祸从口出 言多必失 The tongue cuts the throat.

骄兵必败 Pride goes before a fall.

无官一身轻 Out of office, out of danger.

公事公办 Business is business.

积少成多 Many a little makes a mickle.

新官上任三把火 A new broom sweeps clean.

近朱者赤,近墨者黑 He that lives with cripples learns to limp.

班门弄斧 Teach fish to swim.

良药苦口 A good medicine tastes bitter.

浑水摸鱼 Fish in troubled waters.

天网恢恢,疏而不漏 Justice has long arms.

英雄所见略同 Great minds think alike. 宁为玉碎,不为瓦全. Better die with honor than live with shame.

不入虎穴,焉得虎子 Nothing venture,nothing have.

谋事在人,成事在天 Man proposes,God disposes.

前事不忘后事之师 The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future.

未雨绸缪 Live within your means and save for a rainy day.

成功源于勤奋 Industry is the parent of success. 树大招风 Names are debts.

人急造反,狗急跳墙 Despair gives courage to a coward. 熟能生巧 Practice makes perfect. 心旷神怡,事事顺利 A merry heart goes all the way.

知足常乐 Content is better than riches.

看人看年少,看天看破晓 Childhood shows the man,as morning shows the day.

和气生财 Cheek brings success.

大智若愚,大巧若拙 Cats hide their paws.

大事未成时,莫开庆功宴 Catch the bear before you sell his skin.

他山之石,可以攻玉 By other's faults, wise men correct their own.

塞翁失马,焉知非福 Behind bad luck comes good luck.

机不可失,时不再来 Take time while time is,for time will be away.

欲速则不达 More haste,less speed

以眼还眼,以牙还牙 An eye for an eye,and a tooth for a tooth.

滴水穿石 Little strokes fell great oaks.

兵不厌诈 All is fair in war.

天下无不散之宴席 All good things came to an end.

英雄所见略同 Great minds think alike.

祸不单行 Misfortunes never come alone. 谋事在人,成事在天 Man proposes,god disposes. 情人眼里出西施Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

时不我待/岁月无情 Time and tide wait for no man.

少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲 A young idler,an old beggar.

家有万贯财,不如一身健 Health is better than wealth.

无官一身轻 Out of office,out of danger.

生命在于运动 Rest breeds rust.

不入虎穴,焉得虎子 Nothing venture,nothing have.

覆水难收 Things done cannot be undone.

真金不怕火炼 True blue will never stain.

为人不做亏心事,半夜不怕鬼敲门 A clear conscience is a sure card.

事与愿违 All your swans are geese.

大器晚成 Late fruit keeps well.

既来之则安之 Take things as they come.

三个和尚没水吃 Everbody's business is nobody's business.

小巫见大巫 The moon is not seen when the sun shines.

因小失大 Penny wise and pound foolish.

五十步笑百步 The pot calls the kettle black

一失足成千古恨 Short pleasure,long lament

祸兮福所倚,福兮祸所伏 Misfortune might be a blessing in disguises.

说到曹操,曹操就到 Speak of the devil(and he will appear). 一言既出,驷马难追 A word spoken is past recalling

勿打草惊蛇 Let sleeping dogs lie.

无风不起浪 There is no smoke without fire.

胸有成竹 Have a card up one's sleeve.

人靠衣装 Fine feathers make fine birds.

挂羊头,卖狗肉 He cries wine and sells vinegar.

青出于蓝而胜于蓝 The pupil outdoes the master.

天涯何处无芳草 There are plenty of fish in the sea.

强中更有强中手 Diamod cut diamod.

人不可貌相 Judge not a book by its cover.

殊途同归 All roads lead to rome./All rivers run into the sea

口蜜腹剑 Peace on the forehead and war in the mind.

身正不怕影子歪 A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.

宁当鸡头,不当凤尾

It is better to be the head of a dog/lizard than the tail of a lion.

事实胜于雄辩 Facts speak louder than words.

寸金难买寸光阴 Money can't buy time.

失败乃成功之母 Failure is the mother of success.

教学相长 To teach is to learn.

有其父必有其子 Like father,like son.

眼不见为净 Out of sight,out of mind./Far from eye,far from heart.

有情人终成眷属 All shall be well,Jack shall have Jill.

天下无不散之筵席 Friends must part.

前事不忘,后事之师/前车之覆,后车之鉴

The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future.

1. A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near. 海内存知己,天涯若比邻。

2. A common danger causes common action. 同舟共济。

3. A contented mind is a continual / perpetual feast. 知足常乐。

4. A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑,长一智。

5. A guest should suit the convenience of the host. 客随主便。

6. A letter from home is a priceless treasure. 家书抵万金。

7. All rivers run into the sea. 殊途同归。

8. All time is no time when it is past. 机不可失,时不再来。

9. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一日一个苹果,身体健康不求医。

10. As heroes think, so thought Bruce. 英雄所见略同。

11. A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。

12. Behind the mountains there are people to be found. 天外有天,山外有山。

13. Bad luck often brings good luck. 塞翁失马,安知非福。

14. Bread is the stall of life. 面包是生命的支柱。(民以食为天。)

15. Business is business. 公事公办。

16. Clumsy birds have to start flying early. 笨鸟先飞。

17. Courtesy costs nothing. 礼多人不怪。

18. Custom makes all things easy. 习惯成自然。

19. Desire has no rest. 人的欲望无止境。

20. Difficult the first time, easy the second. 一回生,二回熟。

21. Do not change horses in mid-stream. 别在河流中间换马。

22. Do not have too many irons in the fire. 贪多嚼不烂。

23. Do not pull all your eggs in one basket. 别把所有的蛋都放在一个篮子里。(不要孤注一掷。)

24. Do not teach fish to swim. 不要班门弄斧。

25. East or west, home is the best. 东奔西跑,还是家里好。

26. Experience is the best teacher. 实践出真知。

27. Fact is stranger than fiction. 事实比虚构更离奇。(大千世界,无奇不有。)

28. Faith can move mountains. 信念能移山。(精诚所至,金石为开。)

29. First impressions are half the battle. 先入为主。

汉语或英语谚语篇五
《英语谚语的翻译》

谈英语谚语的翻译摘要:谚语是一个民族天赋、智慧和精神的体现。本人试图从影响谚语翻译的历史背景、地理环境、风俗习惯、宗教信仰等方面进行剖析,提出根据具体情况采用直译、意译、直译兼意译和释译四种翻译模式,以期收到良好成效。   关键词:谚语;翻译因素;翻译方法 英语谚语是英语文化宝库中绚丽多彩的瑰宝。看似简短的一句话,常常显得既寓意深刻,又韵味隽永。因此,要把谚语的这些特色都准确地翻译出来确实是一件难事。      英国作家和哲学家弗朗西斯?培根(Francis Bacon 1561-1626)曾经说过:“The genius,wit and spirit of a nation are discovered in its proverbs.”谚语是一个民族天赋、智慧和精神的体现。谚语是语言词汇的重要组成部分,是语言的民族形式和各种手段的集中体现,是语言中的某些部分经过长期反复使用后自然沉积而形成的形式固定,简洁明快,寓意深刻的语言精品。谚语是人类语言文化大树上硕果累累的一枝,是语言白花园中的一朵奇葩。   何为谚语呢?《谚语?歇后语概论》给谚语下了如此定义:“谚语是人民群众生活斗争的经验总结,具有传授经验和教训劝戒功能,流传于人民群众口头的话语”。英语一则谚语告诉我们:“Proverbs are the daughter of daily experience。”(谚语是日常生活的产物)英国搜集家Thomas Fuller曾对谚语作过描述:“众多的事理经过煎熬,凝练成寥寥数词,这便是谚语。”英国首相John Russel认为谚语是:“众人的智慧,一人的妙语。”   以上观点虽各不相同,但都反映了谚语的特点:1、智慧的闪光2、经验的结晶3、精美的语言4、人生的启迪5、无翼的飞翔6、真实的写照。一般我们对谚语的含义理解为谚语是意义相对完整的句子,是语言中一种重要的熟语。大部分谚语是人民生活经验的结晶。人类智慧的闪光,它启迪人生,指导人们的行为 。   学习英语语言不可能不学习英语谚语,但是英语谚语是几千年英美文化的沉淀,特别是英美文化与汉语文化的差异增加了我们学习和理解的难度,尤其是谚语的翻译对于我们正确理解谚语本身的含义及其折射出的民族文化有举足轻重的作用。本人试图从影响英语谚语翻译的因素和英语谚语的翻译方法两个方面对英语谚语的翻译策略做一些浅层次的探索。      1、影响英语谚语翻译的因素      谚语是语言的核心和精华,是人类文明的积淀。谚语的翻译也受到多方面因素的制约,为了能够反映其特有的文化特色,我们在翻译过程中需要从历史背景,地理环境,风俗习惯。宗教信仰,寓言神

话等方面全方位考虑影响其含义的因素,正确理解和翻译谚语自身所蕴涵的深刻含义。 宗教信仰   宗教是一种文化现象,谚语与文化的关系极为密切。更能折射出宗教对谚语的影响。英美国家,基督教起着特别重要的作用,所以很多谚语源自《圣经》,或与基督教有关。了解英美人的信仰对翻译相关谚语起重要作用。   The heart knows his own bitterness. 《圣经?箴言》   一颗心知道它自己的痛苦。   Every man must carry his own cross. (每个人必须背他自己的十字架。)   这条谚语来自《圣经》,cross(十字架)是耶稣走向死亡之地所带的十字架,钉上十字架而死。cross一词就有了“苦难”的转义。这条谚语的意思是,人人都要忍受生活中的苦难,承担自己的生活负担。   Forbidden fruit (禁果)一语也出自《圣经》,并为众人所周知。在《创世纪》中,亚当在伊甸园所吃的苹果是禁果,这个典故使“Forbidden fruit”一语获得“因被禁止反而想弄到手的东西”的转义。从而产生:   Forbidden fruit is sweet.   禁果是甜的。这句谚语表示“不让得到的东西格外有诱惑力”。   在英语谚语翻译的过程中,除了以上四个主要的因素需要认真考虑外,我们还要考虑到寓言神话、文学艺术和体育美术等因素还会影响到我们对英语谚语的翻译和理解。 风俗习惯   风俗习惯是一个地区的人的生活方式,包括的东西很多,涉及生活的各个地域。它既受到一个民族的政治、经济、宗教、文学等方面的影响,又必然反映出该民族的风俗习惯,谚语更是与风俗习惯紧密相关,英语谚语的翻译离不开对英美风俗习惯的了解。   任何一个民族都有自己喜欢的动物,因此宠物文化有鲜明的地域性。中国人一般都鄙视狗,常用狗来比喻坏人坏事。但英美国家大都对狗有好感,认为狗是忠实可靠的朋友,其中一部分受到外来文化的影响而含有贬义外,大部分没有贬义。在英美文化中,“狗”经常用来比喻人的生活,派生出许多谚语。   Every dog has his own day. (每只狗都有他的好时光。)   这条谚语比喻“人人都有得意的一天。”   An old dog barks not in rain. (老狗不乱吠。)   这条谚语比喻“老年人做事有经验。”   Dog does not eat dog. (狗不吃狗。)   这条谚语比喻“一个人不应该攻击或伤害同伙,或赚他的钱。”与这条英语习语相近的汉语有:“同室不操戈,同类不相残。”   Love me, love my dog. (喜欢我,也要喜欢我的狗。)   这条谚语的比喻意思是:任何希望与我保持友谊的人,都必须接受和容忍所有属于我的东西。我的个

人爱好和我的观点意见。同这条谚语相近的汉语习语有“爱屋及乌。”   He that lies down with dogs must rise up with fleas. (与狗同眠的人身上必然有跳蚤。) 这条谚语的比喻意义近似与汉语谚语“近朱者赤,近墨者黑。”   猫也是英美文化的宠物,多用来比喻女人,猫和狗一样,常被比喻成人,自然也引出不少谚语。   All cats are grey in the dark.(所有的猫在黑暗中都是灰色的。)   这条谚语比喻“人在未成名时,很难看出有什么区别”。   A cat has nine lives. (猫有九命。)   在英美文化习俗中,传说猫天资聪明,动作灵敏,在很多其他动物会被伤害的情况下,猫都能逃脱劫难。这条谚语比喻“生命力极强”。   A cat in gloves catches no mice. (戴手套的猫捉不到老鼠。)   这条谚语比喻“四肢不勤的人,什么事也做不出来”。   历史背景   社会历史的发展对语言的影响是巨大的。随着时代的变化,旧的语言逐渐衰亡,新的语言不断产生。在历史的进程中,谚语好比一面镜子,能清楚地反映其历史的变迁。因此我们在翻译谚语时需要考虑其历史背景,才能正确理解谚语的含义。   公元前55年,古罗马统帅恺撒征服不列颠岛,而英国历史上真正的“罗马人的征服”(Roman Conquest)是在公元43年开始的。从此罗马人占领不列颠400年之久。罗马人的文化对不列颠的影响仍留在岛上,在今天的英语谚语中仍然可以找到历史的痕迹。例如:   Do in Rome as the Romans do. 在罗马就要过罗马人的生活。(喻:入乡随俗。)   Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的。(喻:伟业非一日之功。)   All roads lead to Rome. 条条道路通罗马. (喻:殊途同归。)   这三条谚语足以反映出“罗马人的征服”(Roman Conquest)对英语谚语的影响,足以反映出罗马帝国昔日的辉煌。   地理环境   谚语的产生与人们生活和劳动的地理环境习习相关。英国是一个岛国,位于欧洲西部大西洋中的不列颠诸岛上,南面有英吉利海峡(the English Channel),多拂尔海峡(the straits of Dover),东面隔北海(the North Sea)。这里的海上运输业和渔业特别发达,因此留下了不少与航海业和渔业有关的谚语。例如:   All is fish that comes to his net. 进到网里的都是鱼。   这条谚语的比喻意义是“任何有用的东西或有好处的东西都来者不拒”,含有贬义。   Never offer to teach fish to swim. 不要教鱼儿游泳。   这条谚语的比喻意义是“不要在行人面前卖弄自己”。相当于汉语谚语“不要班们弄斧”。   He who would catch fish must not mind getting wet. 要想

抓鱼就不能怕弄湿衣。   这条谚语的比喻意义与汉语谚语“要吃龙肉,就得亲自下海”的比喻意义相似。   The great fish eat up the small. 大鱼吃小鱼。   这条谚语形象的描绘出自然界和人类社会的激烈斗争,相互倾轧的状况。   He that would sail without danger must never come on the main sea. 谁在航行时不冒险,他就永远不要来到大海上。   这条谚语比喻“不付出就没有收获”,相当于汉语谚语“不入虎穴,焉得虎子”。   大不列颠岛是典型的温带海洋性气候,雨量充沛,风大雾多,降雨量特别大。因此产生了一条谚语:It never rains but it pours.(不雨则己,一雨倾盆)。   这条谚语的比喻意义是“倒霉的事情总是一起发生的”,相当于汉语成语“祸不单行”的意思。   2、 英语谚语的翻译方法      卢梭说过:“谚语是一个人的机智,所有人的智慧”。既然谚语反映的内容是经验的结晶,智慧的闪光,历史文化的沉淀,那么谚语的翻译也是必然要反映谚语的本质,揭示谚语的内涵。著名美国翻译家奈达(Nida)指出:“所有的翻译,不管它是诗歌还是散文,都必须关心接受者的反应;因此,翻译的最终目,从它对观众产生的效果而看,是评价任何翻译最基本的因素。”所以我们应是运用多种翻译方法,再现英语谚语的内涵和本质,下面简单介绍一下针对不同的谚语运用不同的翻译方法。  释意法   释意法就是指在对一个谚语翻译的同时,其后再附上注释或解释,以便使读者更好地理解该谚语的内在含义。在英语谚语中有一些本民族持有的人名、地名和历史典故等,给我们的理解和翻译带来一定的困难。在直译和意译都不能完全达到翻译准确的情况下,笔者认为翻译时需要用一定手段来补偿,可采用直译加注释,意译加注释或直译意译加注释的方法,达到对谚语原文化内涵的全面理解。例如:   If the sky falls, we shall catch larks. (天塌下来正好抓云雀,意指:何必岂人忧天。)   Bacchus bath drowned more men than Nepture. (酒比海淹死的人多,Bacchus-酒神,Nepture-海神。)   What is a workman without his tools. (没有工具的工匠有什么用,意指:巧妇难为无米之炊。)   He that lives with Muse shall die in the straw. (缪斯是希腊神话中掌管文艺、音乐、天文等的女神。文学艺术家生前大都穷困潦倒,不受世人的重视,只有死后才出名。)   直译法   所谓直译,就是在译文语言条件许可时,在译文中既保持原文的内容,又保持原文的形式-特别指保持原文的比喻,形象和民族地方色彩等。直译法更好地保留了英语中“原

汁原味”的成分,因此,如果读者能对译后的谚语寓意一目了然,我们首先用直译法。例如:   A home without love is no more than a baby without a soul. (没有爱的家庭就像一个没有灵魂的躯体。)   He laughs best who laughs last. (谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。)   Knowledge is power. (知识就是力量。)   Time is money. (时间就是金钱。)   Life is short and time is swift.(人生苦短,岁月易逝。)   The eye is the window of the mind.(眼睛是心灵的窗户。)   可见,直译法保留了原文的形象和比喻,保留了其表达手法,保存着原作的丰姿。   意译法   所谓意译是指用译语常用的语言和熟悉的形象来翻译英语谚语其特有的民族文化,因此其表达方式和汉语有着某些差异。当原文的意思内容与译文的表达形式有矛盾不宜采取直译法处理,或用直译法处理会给读者带来歧义时,就应采用意译法。例如:   When Greek meets Greek, then comes the tug of war. (两雄相遇,必有一争。)   Nothing ventured, nothing gained. (不入虎穴,焉得虎子。)   Every bean has it’s black. (凡人各有其短处。)   A new broom sweeps clean. (新官上任三把火。)   直译兼意译   有时在翻译英语谚语时,单纯的直译或意译都不能确切有效地表达原来谚语的含义,这时可采用直译意译相结合的方法进行翻译,以弥补直译难达意,意译难传神的不足,在直译后再加上谚语的真实含义,“以期收到画龙点睛的效果。”(曾自立,1983)。例如:   Cut your coat according to your cloth. (量布裁人,量入为出。)   Even Homer sometimes nods. (荷马也有瞌睡时,智者千虑,必有一失。   A daughter is fairer than fair mother. (女儿比母亲更漂亮,青出于蓝而胜于蓝。)

汉语或英语谚语篇六
《双语谚语、俗语(英语、汉语)》

1.if you’re brave enough to say GOODBYE, life will reward you with a new HELLO.

只要你勇敢说出再见,生活一定会赐予你一个新的开始。

2.Get outside every day, Miracles are waiting everywhere.

每天出去走走,奇迹就在身边。

3.The GOD only arranges a happy ending, if it’s not happy, it means that it’s not the final result. 上天只会安排快乐的结局,如果不快乐说明还不是最后的结局。

4.People come and go. But life is simply about those who care enough to stay.

有些人会在你的人生来了又走,但只要有那些愿意停留的人便已足够。

5.if happiness is limited, there’ll also be an end to misery.

如果幸福有尽头,痛苦也未必会不朽。

6.Don’t let a bad day make you feel like you have a bad life.

不要让糟糕的一天让你误认为有个糟糕的人生。

7.To love is to risk not being loved.

爱一个人就是去冒不被爱的险。

8.For man is man and master of his life.

人就是人,是自己命运的主人。

9.When you’re good to others, you are best to yourself.

善待他人,既是最好的善待自己。

10.Good for good every man can do, good for bad only an oble man can do.

以德报德人人都能做到,以德报怨只有高尚的人才能做到。

11.Often we are firm from weakness, and audacious from timidity.

我们常常在软弱中变得坚强,在懦弱中练出胆量。

12.Your WORST Enemy can sometimes be YOU, without realizing it.

你可能没有意识到,有时候你最大的敌人可能就是你自己。

13.Hold the head of the lonely, put proud expression-brave say”I not bad at all”

昂起孤单的头,摆着骄傲的表情-勇敢的说”我不差”。

14.Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn leaves.

生如夏花之绚烂,死如秋叶之精美。

15.It’s never too late to be the person you want to be.

成为自己想要成为的人,永远不会太迟。

16.The key for happiness is not to find a perfect person, but find someone and build a perfect relationship with him.

幸福的关键不在于找到一个完美的人,而是找到一个人,然后和他一起努力建立完美的关系。

17.We always have been in practice smilling, but finally become the people can’t cry.

我们一直在练习微笑,却变成了不敢哭的人。

18.Never let the reality get in the way of your dreams.

别让现实挡住了梦想的去路。

19.Sucess is actually simple, when you find it hard to hold on, you can try to insist on it a bit longer.

成功其实很简单,就是当时坚持不住的时候再坚持一下。

20.The grand essentials of happiness are:something to do, something to love and something to hope for.

获取幸福最重要的是:有所为,有所爱,有所期待。

21.Wake up every morning with the thought that something wonderfull is about to happen. 总有些好事会发生,每天清晨都抱着这种想法醒来吧!

22.As long as it is a comedy, I’d rather cry during the process.

只要是个喜剧结局,过程你让我哭都可以。

23.Action may not always bring happiness, but there is no happiness without action.

行动不一定带来幸福,不行动就肯定没有幸福。

24.In education we are striving not to teach youth to make a living, but to make a life.

教育不是为了教会青年人谋生,而是教会他们创造生活。

25.Don’t dewell so much in the past, don’t dream of the future, concentrate the mind on the present moment.

不要沉溺于过去,不要幻想未来,集中精力过好眼下的每一分每一秒。

26.The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that we are loved.

生活中最大的幸福就是,坚信有人爱着我们。

27.Life is very interesting. In the end, some of your greatest pains become your greatest strengths. 人生很有意思。最终,那些最深的痛楚变成了你最强大的力量。

28.In order to discover new lands, one must be willing to lose sight of the shore for a very long time.

想发现新大陆,就得做好很长时间看不到岸边的准备。

29.Sometimes you just need to stop for a while and look around at all the beautiful things in your life.

有时候,你的停一下脚步,想一想自己生活中拥有的所有美好的东西。

30.Life only comes around once. so make sure you’re spending it the right way, with the right ones.

生命只有一次,我们要以正确的方式,和正确的人一起度过。

31.Deliberate before you begin, then execute with vigor.

三思而后行,然后全力投入行动。

32.Happiness isn’t getting all you want, it’s enjoying all you have.

幸福不是得到你想要的一切,而是享受你所拥有的一切。

33.One of the most scaring things when you grow up is that you may become the one you used to look down upon.

成熟最恐怖的事情之一就是你可能成为自己曾经最可不起的那类人。

34.A man can succeed at almost anything for which he has unlimited enthusiasm.

只要有无限的热情,一个人几乎可以在任何事情上获得成功。

35.When I have children I’m going to make them watch the movie 2012 and tell them I survivied that.

当我有了小孩,我会让他们看电影2012,然后告诉他们我就是这样活下来的。

36.Whenever you have an aim you must sacrifice something of freedom to attain it.

无论什么时候,只有你有一个目标,就得牺牲一定的自由去实现它。

37.Every single moment counts. When you add them all up, they equal your life.

每个时刻都很重要.

38.Times, We’re looking for more, and forget about what we already have.

有时候,我们追寻更多的东西,却忘了我们已经拥有的一切。

39.We must accept finite disappintment, but we must never lose infinite hope.

我们必须接受失望因为它是有限的,但千万不要失去希望因为它是无穷的。

40.Every accomplishment starts with the decision to try.

任何成就都是从决定尝试开始的。

41.Never give up on something you really want. it’s difficult to wait, but worse to regret. 永远不要放弃你真正想要的东西,等待虽难,但后悔更甚。

42.We can’t fly high because we overweight ourselves.

我们不会高飞,因为我们把自己看的太重.

43.People say that you’re going the wrong way when it’s simply a way of your own.

当你在走一条自己的路的时候,人们往往说你走错了。

44.To lose to pursue, to marry a happiness.

要输就输给追求,要嫁就嫁给幸福。

45.The primary cause of unhappiness is never the situation but thought about it.

造成我们痛苦的,并非问题本身,而是我们对问题的想法。

46.Expectation is the root of all heartache.

期待是所有心痛的根源。

47.The moment you think about giving up , think of the reason why you held on so long. 每当你想放弃的时候,想想是什么支撑你一路坚持。

48.The man who is swimming against the stream knows the strength of it.

逆流而游的人深知水的力量。

49.The way to love anthing is to realize that it might be lost.

珍爱一切的好办法是:意识到你可能会失去它。

50.Never frown, even when you are sad, because you never know who is falling in love with your smile.

纵然伤心,也不要愁眉不展,因为你不知道谁将会爱上你的笑容。

51.Happiness is good health and a bad memory.

幸福是良好的健康加上糟糕的记性。

52.if you see the shadow in front, don’t be afraid, it’s because the sun behind you.

如果你看到面前的阴影,别怕,那是因为阳光在你的背后。

53.Today I will do what others won’t, so tomorrow I can do what others can’t.

今天做别人不愿做之事,明天做别人不能做之事。

54.Be yourself, it’s the only way of being beautiful.

做自己才是美丽的唯一途径。

55.It’s never too late to be the person you want to be.

成为自己想成为的人,永远不会太迟。

56.Each trauma, is another kind of maturity.

每一种创伤,都是另一种成熟。

57.Beauty of style and harmony and grace and good rhythm depend on simplicity. 风格之美,和谐,优雅,优美的节奏全在于简单。

58.Not everything is meant to be. But everything is worth a try.

不是所有事都能如愿以偿,但是任何事都值得去尝试。

59.The good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.

美好的生活是一种由爱所激励和由知识所指导的生活。

60.Man can only be free through mastery of himself.

只有通过掌握自己,才能让自己得到解放。

61.One’s weakest part is that he is reluctant to give up.

人最软弱的地方是舍不得。

62.Never regret. if it’s good, it’s wonderful. if it’s bad, it’s experience. 不必遗憾。若是美好,叫做精彩。若是糟糕,叫做经历。

63.It’s easier to go down a hill than up, but the view is best from the top. 下坡总是比上坡容易,但在高处才能看到最美的风景。

64.Wherever valour true is found, true modesty will there abound.

真正的勇敢都包含谦虚。

65.The purpose of life is to enjoy every moment.

生活的目的在于享受每个当下。

66.A penny saved is a penny earned.

省钱是明智的做法。

汉语或英语谚语篇七
《英语谚语》

汉语或英语谚语篇八
《汉语部分成语谚语英文翻译》

汉语部分成语谚语英文翻译

爱屋及乌

Love me, love my dog.

安步当车

stroll over instead of riding in a carriage;

walk rather than ride

百闻不如一见

Seeing is believing.

比上不足,比下有余

worse off than some, better off than many;

to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst

笨鸟先飞

A slow sparrow should make an early start.

不眠之夜

white night

不以物喜,不以己悲

not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses

不遗余力

spare no effort; go all out; do one\'s best

不打不成交

No discord, no concord.

拆东墙补西墙

rob Peter to pay Paul

吃一堑,长一智。

A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.

辞旧迎新

bid farewell to the old and usher in the new;

ring out the old year and ring in the new

大事化小,小事化了

try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all

大开眼界

open one's eyes;

broaden one's horizon;

be an eye-opener

国泰民安

The country flourishes and people live in peace

过犹不及

going too far is as bad as not going far enough;

beyond is as wrong as falling short;

too much is as bad as too little

功夫不负有心人

Everything comes to him who waits.

好了伤疤忘了疼

once on shore, one prays no more

好事不出门,恶事传千里

Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.

和气生财Harmony brings wealth

活到老,学到老

One is never too old to learn.

既往不咎

let bygones be bygones

金无足赤,人无完人

Gold can\'t be pure and man can\'t be perfect.

金玉满堂

Treasures fill the home

脚踏实地

be down-to-earth

脚踩两只船sit on the fence

君子之交淡如水

the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal;

a hedge between keeps friendship green

老生常谈,陈词滥调

cut and dried, cliché

礼尚往来

Courtesy calls for reciprocity.

留得青山在,不怕没柴烧

Where there is life, there is hope.

马到成功

achieve immediate victory;

win instant success

名利双收

gain in both fame and wealth

茅塞顿开

be suddenly enlightened

没有规矩不成方圆

Nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards.

每逢佳节倍思亲

On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one's dear ones far away.

It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most.

谋事在人,成事在天

The planning lies with man, the outcome with Heaven.

Man proposes, God disposes.

弄巧成拙

be too smart by half;

Cunning outwits itself.

拿手好戏

masterpiece

赔了夫人又折兵

throw good money after bad

抛砖引玉

a modest spur to induce others to come forward with valuable contributions;

throw a sprat to catch a whale

破釜沉舟

cut off all means of retreat;

burn one‘s own way of retreat and be determined to fight to the end

抢得先机

take the preemptive opportunities

巧妇难为无米之炊

If you have no hand you can't make a fist.

One can't make bricks without straw.

千里之行始于足下

a thousand-li journey begins with the first step--the highest eminence is to be gained step by step 前事不忘,后事之师

Past experience, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future.

前人栽树,后人乘凉

One generation plants the trees in whose shade another generation rests.

One sows and another reaps.

前怕狼,后怕虎

fear the wolf in front and the tiger behind

hesitate in doing something

强龙难压地头蛇

Even a dragon (from the outside) finds it hard to control a snake in its old haunt - Powerful outsiders can hardly afford to neglect local bullies.

强强联手

win-win co-operation

瑞雪兆丰年

A timely snow promises a good harvest.

人之初,性本善

Man's nature at birth is good.

人逢喜事精神爽

Joy puts heart into a man.

人海战术

huge-crowd strategy

世上无难事,只要肯攀登

Where there is a will, there is a way.

世外桃源

a fictitious land of peace away from the turmoil of the world;

死而后已

until my heart stops beating

岁岁平安

Peace all year round

上有天堂,下有苏杭

Just as there is paradise in heaven, ther are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.

塞翁失马,焉知非福

Misfortune may be an actual blessing.

三十而立

A man should be independent at the age of thirty.

At thirty, a man should be able to think for himself.

升级换代

updating and upgrading (of products)

四十不惑

Life begins at forty.

谁言寸草心,报得三春晖

Such kindness of warm sun, can't be repaid by grass.

水涨船高

When the river rises, the boat floats high.

时不我待

Time and tide wait for no man.

杀鸡用牛刀

break a butterfly on the wheel

实事求是

seek truth from facts; be practical and realistic;

be true to facts

说曹操,曹操到

Talk of the devil and he comes.

实话实说

speak the plain truth;

call a spade a spade;

tell it as it is

实践是检验真理的唯一标准

Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.

山不在高,有仙则名

No matter how high the mountain is, its name will spread far and wide if there is a fairy; 韬光养晦

hide one's capacities and bide one's time

糖衣炮弹

sugar-coated bullets

天有不测风云

Anything unexpected may happen.

a bolt from the blue

团结就是力量

Unity is strength.

跳进黄河洗不清

eeve if one jumped into the Yellow River, one can not wash oneself clean--there's nothing one can do to clear one's name

歪风邪气

unhealthy practices and evil phenomena

物以类聚,人以群分

Birds of a feather flock together.

往事如风

The past has vanished (from memory) like wind.;

What in past, is past.

望子成龙

hold high hopes for one's child

屋漏又逢连阴雨

Misfortunes never come singly.

When it rains it pours.

文韬武略

military expertise;

military strategy

唯利是图

draw water to one's mill

无源之水,无本之木

water without a source, and a tree without roots

无中生有

make/create something out of nothing

无风不起浪

There are no waves without wind.

There's no smoke without fire.

徇私枉法

bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends

新官上任三把火

a new broom sweeps clean

虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后

Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 蓄势而发

accumulate strength for a take-off

心想事成

May all your wish come true

心照不宣

have a tacit understanding;

give tacit consent; tacit understanding

先入为主

First impressions are firmly entrenched.

先下手为强

catch the ball before the bound

像热锅上的蚂蚁

like an ant on a hot pan

现身说法

汉语或英语谚语篇九
《中英文对照谚语》

中英文相对应的谚语

浑水摸鱼

成语出处: 语源和意源不详.公元前6世纪希腊寓言家伊索的《伊索寓言渔夫》

中讲的是混水摸鱼的故事:一位渔夫在河里捕鱼时,先拦河张网,然后用绳子拴上石块,面向鱼网击打水底,鱼吓得到处乱游,有些撞进网里。当地有人见渔夫这样做,责怪他把水搅浑了,使人不能喝到清水。渔夫说:“若不是把水搅浑,我就捕不到鱼,捕不到鱼,我就得饿死。”

有人把它作为“浑水摸鱼”的来源。我们认为寓言译介到中国来的时间与《三十六

计》成书时间的先后关系有待进一步考证。

Teach fish to swim.

Showing Off One's Proficiency with the Axe Before Lu Ban the Master Carpenter

班门弄斧典故(中英对照)

古代有一个建筑和雕刻技术非常高超的人,名叫鲁班,木匠行里尊称他为祖师。传说他曾用木头制作了一只五彩斑斓的凤凰,能够在空中飞翔三天不掉下来。在鲁班门前摆弄斧子,当然显得有些自不量力了。

Lu Ban was supposed to be a consummate carpenter in ancient times. It is said that he once carved a wooden phoenix that was so lifelike that it actually flew in the sky for three days. Thus it was considered the height of folly to show off one's skill with an axe in front of Lu Ban.

“班门弄斧”这个成语,用来比喻在行家面前显示本领。

This idiom excoriates those who show off their slight accomplishments in front of experts. Don't teach your grandmother to suck eggs. 休要班门弄斧。

A new broom sweeps clean.

意思:比喻刚出任新职时,总要摆出架势好好做几件事,一显威风与才干。三国的诸葛亮西元207年,在刘备三顾茅庐后,他答应出来辅佐一连三次用火攻,烧了博望坡、新野再与孙权联合火攻曹操于赤壁,这就叫新官上任三把火了。引申出来的意思是意思是说:新官员上任时,常常做出几件事以表现自己的才干和革除时敝的决心,过后也就一切如旧。Business is business.

成语典故: 公事按公事的原则办,不讲私人情面。成语出处: 清李宝嘉《官场现形记》第三十三回:“藩台见人家不来打点,他便有心公事公办,先从余荩臣下手。”

Out of office, out of danger.

成语典故: 不做官了,感到一身轻松。封建官僚官以后常用这句话来自我安慰。现也泛指卸去责任后一时感到轻松。

The style is the man.

成语典故: 指文章的风格同作者的性格特点相似。成语出处: 宋苏轼《答张文潜书》:“子由之文实胜仆,而世俗不知,乃以为不如;其为人深不愿人知之,其文如其为人。” Pride goes before a fall.

成语典故: 骄傲的军队必定打败仗。

Time and tide wait for no man.

成语典故: 我待:“待我”的倒装,等待我。时间不会等待我们。指要抓紧时间。

The tongue cuts the throat.

成语典故: 灾祸从口里产生出来。指说话不谨慎容易惹祸。

Every dog is a lion at home.

成语典故: 夜郎:汉代西南地区的一个小国。比喻人无知而又狂妄自大。Accidents will happen.

成语典故: 不测:料想不到。比喻有些灾祸的发生,事先是无法预料的。

A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真正的朋友。

Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩

All is not gold that glitters. 闪光的不一定都是金子

An idle youth, a needy age. 少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲

Bitter pills may have wholesome effects. 良药苦口

Do wrong once and you"ll never hear the end of it. 一失足成千古恨

Every cloud has a silver lining. 守得云开见月明

Every man has his fault. 人孰无过

First come, first served. 捷足先登

Haste makes waste. 欲速则不达

Honesty is the best policy. 诚实至上

In fair weather prepare for foul. 未雨绸缪

Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量

Let bygones be bygone. 既往不咎

Look before you leap. 三思而后行

Man proposes, God disposes. 谋事在人,成事在天

Money talks. 金钱万能

No gains without pains. 吃得苦中苦方为人上人

Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧

Silence is golden. 沉默是金

Speak well of your friend,of your enemy say nothing. 隐恶扬善

Take things as they come. 逆来顺受

The ear1y bird catches the worm. 先到先得

Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不饶人

To burn the candle at both ends. 自暴自弃

To count one's chickens before they are hatched.

To make a mountain out of a molehill. 小题大做

Too many cooks spoil tbe broth. 人多手脚乱

Well begun is half done. 事半功倍

When you are in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗

Where there is life, there is hope. 留得青山在,不怕没材烧。

Fish in troubled waters

汉语或英语谚语篇十
《汉语谚语英语翻译》

探讨汉语谚语的英语翻译

摘要 每个民族文化中都有自己的谚语,它广泛在民间流传,是言语简练而意思完整的话语,一般都是以口语形式出现,多是平俗容易理解的短句或韵语。中国历史文化悠久,汉语谚语非常清晰地表达了汉民族的文化特色。当把汉语谚语翻译成英语时,译者应该考虑中英文化的差异,较多运用英语的表现手段,使汉语谚语的语言风格及其丰富的内涵能够在英语语境中再现。本文根据归化和异化理论,提出谚语的翻译应以归化为主、异化为辅,恰当运用相应的翻译的方法,能够使英文读者很好地理解中国文化。 关键词:短句 口语形式 汉语谚语 语言风格

中图分类号:h059 文献标识码:a

谚语是语言文化中的一种表现形式,它广泛流传于民间,集中表现了劳动人民的生活实践教训,言语简练而能直接表达出真实的语言意义,一般都以口头形式流传下来。谚语与小说、诗歌等文学形式一样都是对语言的凝练,汉语谚语在某种意义上来说反映了汉民族的文化,最主要的特点是生动形象、喻义清晰,并有着深刻的哲理性。翻译是实现不同语言间的一种转换,并在转换中根据情况采取不同的策略,最具有代表性的策略当属归化和异化两种。在将汉语谚语翻译为英文时,要根据中英文化存在的差异,进行适当的语言处理,以再现汉语谚语的原貌。

一 中英翻译中的归化与异化策略

翻译的目的是能够使译文读者理解及体验异域文化,在任何翻译

开始之前,译者应该观察译语语境的特点,来确认如何在翻译中采取相应的方法和策略。译者在翻译过程中总会情不自禁地以某些接受者群体作为翻译的接受者,从而使译文在译语语境中实现原文功能的再现。所以说,翻译的中心思想是让译者了解源文本的真实信息,再现原文语言环境中的内容,而为了能够实现这种目标文化的目的,就必须要选好恰当的翻译方法。翻译中的归化和异化的策略最初是由美国翻译理论家劳伦斯·韦努蒂提出的。其中,归化的意义是说译者进行翻译时要适应译文读者,透明而流畅地使源语不让译语读者感到陌生。而异化这种翻译则是译者进行翻译时,有意识对原语文本进行适当的保留,这样译语读者才能感受到某些异质性,以更好地了解原文文化语境。所以翻译中的归化策略以目标语言文化价值观为主,力图符合本土特征、出版潮流和政治要求而采取的对原文同化手段。异化这种策略则不刻意迎合本土文化价值观,它使原文的语言形式和文化差异在译文中能够充分表达出来。总之,不管译者对译文采用什么方法,最终是要通过翻译实现原文语言再现的效果。正如韦努蒂所说的:“通顺”的翻译在英语翻译中一直占据着主导地位,最主要的是别让译文读起来像翻译,要让读者阅读起来感到非常顺畅,并能够很好地体验到不同语言文化与之间的差异性,这样才能实现不同文化间平等交流的意义。

翻译策略中的归化和异化将语言层次上升到文化、诗学和政治层面。在翻译中,应该将归化和异化互为补充,相互融合,以归化这种策略来讲,其目标是实现翻译中原语言与译入语言文化语境的相

互沟通与交流,主要关注译入语言读者的接受心理和审美感受,以译入语言为标准,来传递原语文本的信息,使读者的阅读不受影响。换句话说,译文语言要尽量采取与译入语表达规范相一致的形式,以实现与原文最为贴切的对等表达。当然,对于译文来说,也要力图达到语言自然流畅,不能让读者感受出翻译的痕迹,这实际上就是以读者为主体,当原语中出现某种说法在译入语言环境中没有时,翻译要尽量匹配译入语中相应的表达方式,以使译文读者与原文读者一样对翻译内容产生相同的反应。例如,汉语谚语有:“山中无老虎,猴子称大王。”可以运用归化译为:“the cat away,the mice play.”就不会使英语读者感到迷惑,更符合译入语言的言语规范,形象生动并且容易理解,自然能被读者所喜爱。又如,汉语中常用的谚语“朽木不可雕也”、“智者千虑,必有一失”等极具中国传统文化色彩,因此译者在进行翻译时一定要充分考虑到英语国家的读者语境,利用译语文化形态中能够理解的词句对其进行翻译,这样才能达到翻译预期的效果。当然,归化的翻译不能滥用,不能过度归化,要注意避免认错了对象,弄错了事实。

翻译策略中的异化与归化翻译相比,主要是突出体现原语文本在语言和文化上的不同,力求保留原语文化风格以及原文作者创作特色,使得译语读者与原文读者一样能够体会到原著特色,产生亲自到了那个境地的感受。如中国古诗里有“抽刀断水水更流,举杯消愁愁更愁”的诗句,对这句的翻译,美国诗人埃兹拉·庞德采用了舍弃符合译入语规范的习惯表达的典型异化策略,即:“drawing

sword,cut into water,water again flows,raise up,quench sorrow,sorrow again sorrow”,庞德将原诗的形式和句法结构在翻译过程中保留下来,充分表达了汉语句法上意象叠加的表现手法,使不懂中文的译文读者体味到中国传统古诗的原貌,更能体现原文语境中鲜明的形象和文化色彩,让译语读者耳目一新。可以说,异化翻译策略极大地丰富和发展了译语语言。现在很多新鲜生动的汉语熟语就是在这个过程中由异化策略获取的。像我们常听到的:“条条大路通罗马”等。这些表达为汉语语言注入了新鲜的血液。当然,译者在进行翻译时一定要注意异化策略不能带有太明显的翻译痕迹。因此,不管是归化策略还是异化策略都必须结合起来运用,互为补充。特别是在汉语谚语的英语翻译中,译者必须深入了解译语读者的文化语境,从推广汉语的角度出发,对两种策略要合理运用、相互结合,才能达到翻译的目的功能。

二 汉语谚语及英语翻译

1 对汉英谚语进行比较

在语言形式上,汉语谚语一般都是人们习惯使用的固定语句,包含比较完整的含义。而汉英谚语结构一致的地方都是不局限于一种规格或一个格局,结构紧凑,清晰明了,而且都含有非常深刻的寓意,使人越想越觉得有意思,而且句子长短不一。完整谚语的每一个词在它所处的整句中会具有独立地位和专属意义,而对于整句谚语的内涵能以总体形象进行引申,它能够实现非常准确神似地描绘出事物复杂现象的实质。其形式表现为成对的偶句、独立的单句,

读起来也朗朗上口,和谐动听。

例如,在汉英谚语的结构形式中:对于单句,汉语谚语有“吃水不忘挖井人”,而英语谚语中有“look before you leap”;对于成对的偶句,汉语谚语有“明枪易躲,暗箭难防”,英语谚语中也有“the bird is known by his note,the man by his words”;对于三句式结构来说,中国谚语有“一个和尚挑水吃,两个和尚抬水吃,三个和尚没水吃”,而英语谚语也有这样的句式结构。通过以上例子说明,汉英谚语中有很多都具有相似的框架,包括它们的句式结构都一样是整齐押韵,都是根据生活实践得来的价值判断和经验总结,都是从漫长的生活过程中抽象出的意义表述,并以谚语这种生动的语言形式达到表现人们生活的鲜活事例,引申出一种深刻的哲理性。

2 汉语谚语的英语翻译策略

将汉谚语翻译成英语,其翻译策略正如前文所述,一般都采用归化和异化两种策略。汉语谚语翻译成英语时,可以采用同值对译,这种翻译方法非常符合相互对应的汉英谚语翻译,译者在遵循译文语言规范化的原则上不会导致译文读者的误解,而且能够保留汉语谚语语义所包含的比喻、形象和民族色彩。如“千里之行,始于足下”、“瑞雪兆丰年”等汉语谚语可以直接译出英语语言,并且原文谚语形象和意义通俗易懂。利用这种方法,可能将原文谚语还原,即可以通过英语谚语直接解释汉语谚语,如“失败为成功之母”、“谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好”等这类谚语都可以进行直接翻译。但需要

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