【www.guakaob.com--翻译】
8B Unit2 Travelling
Period3(Grammar)
一、词组翻译
1．刚刚______________________ 2．去乡下______________________
3．海洋公园__________________ 4．在沙地上玩__________________
5．在寒假期间________________ 6．第一场海豚表演______________
7．一天中最美好的部分________ 8．在香港逗留的期间____________
二、单词拼写
1. Look! Some children are playing on the_______（沙滩）．
2. Class is_______（结束）and students can go to play football.
3．My grandparents like to live in the_______（农村）．
4. His little cat has been_______（死的）for two days.
5. Tom's parents have been_______（结婚）for 15 years.
三、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空
1. The film_______ (begin) for five minutes.
2. (2013．盐城)- Is your father at home?
- No, I'm afraid he_______ (go) out.
3. I just_______ (clean) my room. It's clean and tidy now.
4. I have ever_______ (be) to Singapore three times.
5. The old man_______ (die) for ten years.
四、单项选择
( )1. - Where's your father?
-He _______ to Changsha.
A. have been B. has gone C. has been D. have gone
( )2. (2013 扬州)A number of tourists _______ Yangzhou many times because such a
beautiful city.
A. have been to B. has been to
C. has gone to D. have gone to
( )3. (2013．广安)- How long have you _______ here?
- For two days. I _______ here the day before yesterday.
A. been; came B. come; came C. came; came D. come; come
( )4. (2013．衡阳) Look at these stamps. I _______ them for five years.
Wow, they are wonderful.
A. kept B. have kept C. have bought D. bought
( )5. Jack_______ school two years ago and he _______ for two years.
A. leaves; has gone B. left; has been away
C. leaves; has been away D. left; has gone
五、句型转换
1．Jim has already gone to Shanghai.（改为否定句）
Jim _______ _______ to Shanghai_______．
2．(2013．兰州（对画线部分提问）
How _______ _______ has the boy been to the USA?
3．I moved to Nanjing in 2005.（同义句转换）
I _______ _______ in Nanjing since 2005.
4．(2013．兰州)Mr Brown and his wife have been married for 20 years.（同义句转换） Mr Brown and his wife _______ _______ 20 years ago.
5．Paul left Canada two days ago.（同义句转换）
Paul _______ _______ _______ _______ Canada since two days ago.
六、完形填空
holiday in Australia. And we have been in Australia for three days up to now. We are having a we will fly to another city, Cairns, to see coral reefs（珊瑚礁）. It is said that words cannot 7 the beauty of the colourful corals there. Many famous made there. Now we our bags so that we will get here again.
( )1. A. cost B. spend C. hold D. take
( )2. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest
( )3. A. beautiful B. important C. interesting D. exciting
( )4. A. for example B. as to C. such as D. that is
( )5. A. sad B. happy C. few D. past
( )6. A. until B. so C. but D. and
( )7. A. describe B. tell C. speak D. produce
( )8. A. books B. films C. characters D. comics
( )9. A. busy B. easy C. happy D. exciting
( )10. A. for spending B. to coming
C. to spending D. for coming
七、阅读理解
Arriving in New York There are three airports in New York．When you arrive at one of them．you can take a bus or a taxi to any place in New York．
Public transport In New York there is a good bus and subway(地铁)service．If you are planning to use the subway a lot, you should buy a subway ticket for ten journeys because it’s cheaper．But you don’t have to use public transport—there are lots of places you can go to on foot, like the Empire State Building(帝国大厦)，5th Avenue(大街)and Central Park。The New
York taxis are a part of the city experience，so you should take at least one taxi during your visit . Hotels There are lots of good hotels in New York．but you don’t have to pay a lot to stay in the city, there are lots of smaller hotels and the YMCA near Central Park is great for young people．
Eating out There are many kinds of food in New York and you shouldn’t eat at McDonald’s every day．There are good restaurants in little Italy and Chinatown，for example． Shopping Shopping in New York is fun. There are big shops on 5th Avenue．They are open seven days a week．But be careful when you look at the prices, you have to pay a special 8‰tax(税)on everything you buy in New York．
Places to see Finally．there are a lot of places to see in New York—Times Square，the Statue of Liberty。And you shouldn’t go home without climbing the Statue of Liberty to enjoy the scenery of the city.
( )1．How many kinds of public transport are mentioned(提到)in the second paragraph?
A．Two． B．Three． C．Four． D．Five．
( )2．“The Plaza”here is the name of________．
A．a restaurant B．a hotel C．an airport D．a shop
( )3．How much do you have to pay if you buy a book of $10 in New York?
A．$10.8． B．$10.08． C．$18． D．$10．
( )4．When you visit New York，you should_________．
A．eat at McDonald’s every day B．take a taxi whenever you go out
C．stay at the best hotel D．climb the Statue of Liberty
( )5．From the passage．we can learn that_________．
A．people can visit many places of interest in New-York on foot
B．New York is not a good place for shopping
C．people must travel by public transport in New York
D．people have to eat only one kind of food in New York
参考答案
一、1．just now 2．go to the countryside 3．Ocean Park 4．play on the sand
5．during the winter holiday 6．the first dolphin show
7．the best part of the day 8．during the stay in Hong Kong
二.1. sand 2. over 3. countryside 4. dead 5. married
三. 1. has been on 2. has gone 3. have; cleaned 4. been 5. has been dead
四. BAABB
五. 1. hasn't gone; yet 2. many times 3. have lived/been 4. got married 5. has been
away from
六. BCACD CABAB
七.BBADA
English Grammar
Meaning: English grammar is the body of rules that describe the structure of expressions in the English language. This includes the structure of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences.
Content:
1. Basic English Grammar
Basic English Grammar
A. General terms:
1. morphology 词法 2. syntax 句法 3. word 单词 4. phrase 词组
5. sentence 句子 6. clause 从句 7. main clause 主句 8. part of speech 词性 9. structure 结构
B. Tenses 时态
1. past future tense 过去将来时 : would do
2. past future continuous tense 过去将来进行时: would be doing
3. past future perfect tense 过去将来完成时 : would have done
4. present simple tense 一般现在时 : do (does)
5. past simple tense 一般过去时 : did
6. future simple tense 一般将来时 : will do
7. present perfect tense 现在完成时 : have done
8. past perfect tense 过去完成时 : had done
9. future perfect tense 将来完成时 : will have done
10. present continuous tense 现在进行时 : is (am, are) doing
11. past continuous tense 过去进行时 : was (were) doing
12. future continuous tense 将来进行时 : will be doing
13. past future continuous tense 过去将来进行时 : would be doing
14. present perfect continuous tense 现在完成进行时 : have been doing
15. past perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 : had been doing
C. Part of speech 词性
1. noun名词: （Nouns are naming words,noun names a person,place,thing,idea）
proper noun 专有名词, common noun 普通名词, countable noun 可数名词, uncountable noun 不可数名词, abstract noun抽象名词, concrete noun 具体名词, material noun物质名词, collective noun集体名词
2.Ajective (describe or modify nouns)
3. verb动词: (Verbs show action,the state of being)
transitive verb及物动词, intransitive verb不及物动词, linking verb系动词, auxiliary verb助动词, modal verb情态动词, regular verb规则动词, irregular verb不规则动词, phrasal verb短语动词
4. preposition 介词(show position and how things go together) 6. conjunction连词 (are joining words ,phrases ,or sentences) 7. adverb副词 (tell about adj. v. adv.)
5. pronoun代词(take the place of nouns)
personal pronoun人称代词, possessive pronoun物主代词, reflexive pronoun反身代词, demonstrative pronoun指示代词, interrogative pronoun疑问代词, relative pronoun关系代词, indefinite pronoun不定代词
(all, each, every, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no)
F. Elements of sentences句子成分
1. subject主语 2. predicate谓语 3. object宾语 4. dual object双宾语 5. direct object直接宾语 6. indirect object间接宾语 7. complex object复合宾语 8. complement补语 9. subject complement主补 10. object complement宾补 11. predicative表语 12. attribute定语 13. appositive同位语 14. adverbial状语
G. Subordinate clause从属句
1. nominal clause名词从句 2. attributive clause定语从句 3. object clause宾语从句 5. subject clause主语从句 6. appositive clause同位语从句 adverbial clause状语从句
10. adverbial clause of time时间状语从句
11. adverbial clause of place地点状语从句
Examples:
Proper grammar use
1. subject / verb agreement: must have both in a sentence; subject and verb must agree in terms
of quality and tense. Here is an example of what not to do: Three students sits in the hallway. So the verb must indicate the subject(three students), the verb “sits” is wrong, it should be either sit or sat, depending in the meaning you want to convey. The verb “sits” should only be used for a singular subject. For example: “John sits in the hallway” is correct.
2. Corect sentence structure: adj comes before the noun it describes. Red car.
3. Knowing the parts of speech: You look extremely exquisite.
Summary: It seems to be based on a fixed set of concepts, which govern dozens of constructions and thousands of verbs -- not only in English, but in all other languages -- fundamental concepts such as space, time, causation and human intention, such as, what is the means and what is the ends.
I START TO question the very nature of our thoughts -What our language habits reveal-- the way we use words, how we learn, and how we relate to others…. Let me start off with a technical problem is, which verbs go in which
constructions? The verb is the chassis of the sentence. It's the framework onto which the other parts are bolted.
An intransitive verb, such as "dine," for example, can't take a direct object. You have to say, "Sam dined," not, "Sam dined the pizza." A transitive verb mandates that there has to be an object there:"Sam devoured the pizza." You can't just say, "Sam
devoured." There are dozens or scores of verbs of this type, each of which shapes its sentence. So, a problem in explaining how children learn language, a problem in
teaching language to adults so that they don't make grammatical errors, and a problem in programming computers to use language is which verbs go in which constructions.
For example, the dative construction in English. You can say, "Give a muffin to a mouse," the prepositional dative. Or, "Give a mouse a muffin," the double-object dative. "Promise anything to her," "Promise her anything," and so on. Hundreds of verbs can go both ways.So a tempting generalization for a child, for an adult, for a computer is that any verb that can appear in the
construction, "subject-verb-thing-to-a-recipient" can also be expressed as "subject-verb-recipient-thing." You've got to extract generalizations so you can produce and understand new sentences.
Unfortunately, there appear to be exceptions. You can say, "Biff drove the car to Chicago," but not, "Biff drove Chicago the car." You can say, "Sal gave Jason a headache," but it's a bit odd to say, "Sal gave a headache to Jason." The solution is that these constructions, despite initial appearance, are not synonymous, that when you crank up the microscope on human cognition, you see that there's a subtle difference in meaning between them. So, "give the X to the Y," that construction corresponds to the thought"cause X to go to Y." Whereas "give the Y the
X" corresponds to the thought "cause Y to have X."
Now, many events can be subject to either construal, kind of like the classic
figure-ground reversal illusions, in which you can either pay attention to the particular object, in which case the space around it recedes from attention, or you can see the faces in the empty space, in which case the object recedes out of consciousness. How are these construals reflected in language? Well, in both cases, the thing that is construed as being affected is expressed as the direct object, the noun after the
verb. So, when you think of the event as causing the muffin to go somewhere -- where you're doing something to the muffin -- you say, "Give the muffin to the mouse." When you construe it as "cause the mouse to have something," you're doing something to the mouse, and therefore you express it as, "Give the mouse the muffin."
So which verbs go in which construction -- the problem with which I began
-- depends on whether the verb specifies a kind of motion or a kind of possession change. To give something involves both causing something to go and causing
someone to have. To drive the car only causes something to go, because Chicago's not the kind of thing that can possess something. Only humans can possess things. And to give someone a headache causes them to have the headache, but it's not as if you're taking the headache out of your head and causing it to go to the other person, and
implanting it in them. You may just be loud or obnoxious, or some other way causing them to have the headache. So, that's an example of the kind of thing that I do in my day job. Well, there are a number of interesting conclusions, I think,from this and many similar kinds of analyses of hundreds of English verbs. First, there's a level of fine-grained conceptual structure, which we automatically and unconsciously
compute every time we produce or utter a sentence, that governs our use of language.
It's very hard to find any example of abstract language that is not based on some
concrete metaphor. For example, you can use the verb "go" and the prepositions "to" and "from" in a literal, spatial sense."The messenger went from Paris to
Istanbul." You can also say, "Biff went from sick to well." He needn't go anywhere. He could have been in bed the whole time, but it's as if his health is a point in state
space that you conceptualize as moving. Or, "The meeting went from three to four," in which we conceive of time as stretched along a line. Likewise, we use "force" to indicate not only physical force, as in, "Rose forced the door to open," but also
interpersonal force, as in, "Rose forced Sadie to go," not necessarily by manhandling her,but by issuing a threat. Or, "Rose forced herself to go," as if there were two entities inside Rose's head, engaged in a tug of a war.
Second conclusion is that the ability to conceive of a given event in two different ways, such as "cause something to go to someone" and "causing someone to have something," I think is a fundamental feature of human thought, and it's the basis for much human argumentation, in which people don't differ so much on the facts as on how they ought to be construed. Just to give you a few examples: "ending a pregnancy" versus "killing a fetus;" "a ball of cells" versus "an unborn
child;" "invading Iraq" versus "liberating Iraq;" "redistributing wealth" versus
"confiscating earnings." And I think the biggest picture of all would take seriously the fact that so much of our verbiage about abstract events is based on a concrete
metaphor and see human intelligence itself as consisting of a repertoire of concepts -- such as objects, space, time, causation and intention -- which are useful in a social, knowledge-intensive species, whose evolution you can well imagine, and a process of metaphorical abstraction that allows us to bleach these concepts of their original conceptual content --space, time and force -- and apply them to new abstract
domains, therefore allowing a species that evolved to deal with rocks and tools and animals, to conceptualize mathematics, physics, law and other abstract domains.
So to sum up: language is a collective human creation, reflecting human
nature, how we conceptualize reality, how we relate to one another. And then by analyzing the various quirks and complexities of language, I think we can get a window onto what makes us tick.
Unit 3 Grammar ---- the usage of it
【学习目标】：掌握It人称代词和作形式主语和形式宾语的用法.
【教学难点】It作形式主语和形式宾语的常用句型.
【使用方法与学法指导】自学20分钟自学金榜37-38页，完成语法学案
Task 1 预习检测
It可指代事物、动物、婴儿或未知的人。指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。
①How is _______( = you life, work ) going ? it
②— Do you like ______here ? it
— Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice.
Task 2 it 考点归纳
考点一：It/that/those/one/ the one/ 区别
①it =the /this/ my…+单数名词; 代替特定的单数名词, 前面提到的“同一”事物，
one =a/an+单数名词
②one代替不特定的单数名词表泛指
③the one表特指, 其复数形式the ones，在口语中也常用those代替；当后面有介词短语修饰时，一般用that或those，当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)，如the red one。
④those特指代可数名词复数；that代不可数或特指可数名词单数,还可做关系代词修饰__定语___从句
1）One of the most important questions they had to consider was ______ of public health. C
A. what B. this C. that D. which
2）—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ? A
—No, I’d rather buy in the bookstore.
A. it;one B.one; one C.one; it D.it;it
3） I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy ______.B
A. one B. it C. this D. that
4）We’ve been looking at houses but haven’t found ______ we like yet. D
A. it B. them C. that D. one
5） Lei Feng is a hero, ______， I think, who will be remembered by Chinese forever. D
A. who B. it C. which D. one
6） It’s a little surprising that a house made of wood or bamboo may stay up in an earthquake while
______ made of steel and concrete may fall down.
A. one B. that C. it D. what A
7） When it comes to “The Best Travelling City in China”， the first ______ impresses us is
Chengdu.
A. that B. one C. which D. what A
8） —Mum, have you seen my cellphone? A
—______ you bought last week? I’m afraid I haven’t seen ______.
A. The one; it B. The one; one C. One; it D. One; one
9)—I wonder if I can use your camera.
—I don’t have ______. But my room－mate does. He bought ______ last month. D
A. one；one B. it；one C. it；it D. one；it
10）．I went shopping for the perfect dress, ______ would make me look younger. B
A. one in which B. the one that C. the one in which D. one that
考点二：几种表示时间的句型
① It is time ( about time ,high time ) that .sb did/should do sth.
◆ It’s high time that we___________(go) to the exhibition. went/should go
② It is/was the first ( second ... ) time that ..sb have/had done sth.
◆ It’s the first time that I_____________(praise). Have been praised
③ It is/has been .... since sb did或it was…+.
◆ It’s three years since they___________(marry). married/got married
◆ It was several years since I __________(meet) such a heavy snow. Had met
④ It is / was ... when ...
◆ It was 1949 when the PRC______________(found) was founded
◆ It was about noon_________ we arrived at the camp site. when
⑤It will be / was ... before ...
◆ It will be two years before we ________(adopt) the new policy. adopt
◆ It wasn’t long before I __________(appeal) her for support. Appealed to
考点三：形式主语（代替不定式/动名词/从句）
常见重要句型：
①It is no good / no use / useless / a waste of time/ fun /dangerous + __ doing ______(do)
②It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural) ___ for __ sb that…（should）动词原形 ③It is kind/brave/cruel/ clever /honest/ wise/rude /typical /silly / modest /polite __ of ___ sb to do sth. 这一句型可以改写为：sb. is kind __to do_____(do) th.
④It is a pity /a shame/a pleasure/ an honor 等+that „（should）+动词原形
◆ ___it ___ is a pity that we have lost the match narrowly.
⑤. It happens , seems, appears, turns out / proves + that…
1) It _____happened______碰巧 that I had seen this problem in some book.
改写：I happened ___to have seen________this problems in some book
2) It looks __as if/though______it is going to rain .
3) It proved that the suggestion referred to was valuable
改写The suggestion referred to __proved to be valuable___________________.
⑥ It is/was said /___reported____/__thought___/___considered___/__believed___that……. ◆ It is said __that____he has gone to New York to attend a medical meeting.
可改写为He is said ___to have gone________ to New York to attend a medical meeting.
⑦ It is suggested (ordered/advised/proposed/recommended等+that…(should)
◆ It is suggested that immediate measures____(should)_be taken___(take) to protect the environment
⑧ It occurs to /strikes sb. to do / that…：使某人想起„„
◆ It ___occurred to/struck________想到me that it might be a good idea to establish a blog ⑨. It is no wonder…：难怪 _it ______is no wonder she keeps such a good figure.
区别: There is no need to do/ no doubt that/no point/sense ( in) doing/evidence that/ sign that ⑩. It comes about that…：发生
◆ How did __it____ come about __that___he chose law as his major?
形式主语补充：
① It is up to parents__to teach_____(teach) their children manners. 该由父母教孩子礼貌。 ② When____it___ comes to English, no one can match him. 当谈到„„
③ ___it ___is certain / likely / possible / probable _____he will sign up for the competition. ….可能 ④ It doesn’t matter __whether_____he is for my plan or not.
⑤ It took me ages __to repair______(repair) my computer. 做….花费
⑥ I owed it to him ___that__ I am still alive
考点四 形式宾语(代替不定式/动名词/从句) 常与feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine,
think, suppose, regard等连用
①I think it no use___complaining_____ (complain) about their prejudice.
②We think it important ____to acquire____(acquire) a foreign language.
appreciate, love, like, hate, see to(负责，注意) + it + 从句
③Don’t take ___it__for granted that college graduates can do everything in all aspects
④I will see to (确保)___it___ that everything is ready.
⑤You may rely on it ___that__they will help you solve the problem
Task 3【当堂检测】
11．If I can help ____ , I don't like working late into the night．
A．so B．that C．it D．them
12. I don't think ____hard for a student to master a foreign language within five years.
A. that B. it C. too D. very 13. It was the second time you ______the same mistake.
A. made B . has made C. make D. had made
14. It will not be ______we meet again.
A. long before B. before long C. soon after D. shortly after
15. Equipped with modern facilities, today's libraries differ greatly from______ of the past.
A. that B. those C. ones D. one
16.____ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. A. This B. That C. What D. It
17．The information on the Internet spreads much more rapidly than _____in the newspaper.
A．that B．it C．those D．one
18. ______ certain that his invention will lead to the development of production.
A. That's B. This is C. It's D. What's
19. Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ______didn't help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it 20. It is important that she ______with Mr. Williams immediately.
A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak
21. ______that there’s another good harvest this year.
A. It says B. It is said C. It was said D. He was said
22. I really appreciate ______ if you can lend your computer.
A. that B. what C. it D. which
23. It didn’t ______ her ______ for help.
A. occur; to ask B. occur to; to ask C. occur to; asking D. happen to; that to ask
24. Why don’t you bring _____ to his attention that you are to ill to go on working?
A．one B．it C．that D．this b
25．The young mother saw her baby fall to the ground,______ brought her heart to her mouth．
A．it B．and which C．and that D．this c
26．We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen．So Peter made _____ from some wood we had.
A．it B．one C．himself D．another b
27. Cars do cause us some health problems — in fact far more serious _____ than mobile phones do.
A. one B. ones C. it D. those
28．The headmaster didn’t make ______clear when and where the sports meeting would be held.
A．this B．that C．it D．one
29. --Would you like to buy a car here?
--Yes, but I’d like to buy _______ made in Shanghai.
A. one B. that C. it D. the one
30. There is one work in the Renaissance: the Mona Lisa. _______is believed the beast example of a
new life-like style of painting that amazed people when it was first used
A. This B. It C. One D. That
31. I think it a great honor ______to visit your country.
A. to invite B. inviting C. having invited D. to be invited
32. is no need to make a decision today. We can do it at the meeting tomorrow.
A．It B．This C．That D．There
33．I hate ____when the weather along the Changjiang River becomes freezing cold without heating
inside. A．it B．that C．this D．so
34. ---It is raining cats and dogs. ---______ .
A. So it is B. So is it C. Neither it is D. Neither is it
35. Though a great deal of material has been printed，I’m afraid there aren’t enough copies for each
listener to have ________. A. it B. them C. those D. one
36.—How ________ feel to cover 60 miles on foot in a single day?
—Really tiring. Especially when there is no one in company.
A. do you B. does that C. did you D. does it
37. Has ______been decided when we are to hold the sports-meeting?
A. that B. this C. it D. what
语法-----时态习题
1) After searching for half an hour, she realized that her glasses ____on the table all the time.
A) were lain B) had been lain
C) are lying D) had been lying
2) By the time you get to Beijing tomorrow, I ____for Shanghai.
A) shall have left B) will leave
C) am leaving D)have already left
3) I bought a new house last year, but I____my old house yet, so at the moment I have two houses.
A) didn't sell B) have not sold
C) had not sold D) don't sell
4) Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they ____better health.
A) could have enjoyed B) have enjoyed
C) have been enjoyed D)are enjoying
5) I decided to go to the library as soon as I____.
A) finish what I did B) finished what I did
C) finished what I was doing D)would finish what I was doing
6)Julia hadn't reached the restaurant when Jim____there.
A)got B) has got C) had got D) had been
7) Even though they ____for twenty years, the two neighbors are not on good terms.
A) have been lived side by side B) had been living side by side
C) have been side by side living D) have been living side by side
8) When the final grades were posted, Max ____that he had passed the physics exam after all.
A) discovers B) discovered C) had discovered D) has discovered
9)I ____you the book as soon as possible, I promise you.
A) would send B) will send C) sent D) send
10) We ____down when she ____plates of food for us.
A) had hardly sat, had bought B) hardly sat, bought
C) hardly sat, had bought D) had hardly sat, bought
11) When I called you this morning, nobody answered the phone.____?
A) where have you been B)where have you been to
C) where did you go D)where were you
12) As my mother ____here before, I went to meet her at the railway station.
A) had never been B) has never been
C) had been never D) never was
13) Our team ____every match so far this year, but we still have three more games to play.
A) was winning B) has won C) had won D) wins
14) He____for three years.
A) has joined the army B) has been in the army
C) has been serving in the army D) joined the army
15) The growth of part time and flexible working patterns, and of training and
retraining schemes, ____more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.
A) have allowed B) allow
C) allowing D) allows
16) The car____at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about ten o'clock tonight.
A) would go B) went
C) will be going D) goes
17) The company ____a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.【grammar,have,been,to,go,to】
A) is promised B) is promising
C) has been promising D) promised
18) No sooner had he sat down than the telephone____.
A) rings B) was ringing
C) rang D) hand rung
19) what _____ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?
A) do you suppose B) you suppose
C) will you suppose D) you would suppose
20) Mr. James ____a city bus for over twenty-five years before retirement.
A) is driving B) drove
C) has driven D) drives
21) I ____a radio talk on Shakespeare when my uncle came home and started shouting at the top of his voice.
A) was hearing B) heard
C) was listening to D) listened to
22) He____novels, whenever his wife goes shopping.
A) is reading B) reads
C) has read D) has been reading
23)I am not sure whether tomorrow he ____the meeting or not, as he has not been here lately.
A) attend B) attends
C) will attend D) attended
24)I_ ___that she will pass the final examination.
A) expect B) have expected
C) had expected D) was expected
25) They thought it ____fun to take the car.
A) can be B) would be
C) will be D) has been
26)She reminded me that Bangkok ____the capital of Thailand.
A) is B) was
C) had been D) have been
27）“Let„s hurry。 The president is coming。”“Oh， I am afraid that we____。”
A）already miss him B）had already missed him
C）will miss him already D）have already missed him
28）She was told the examination ____on Friday。
A）will be given B）would be given
C）to be given D）is given
29）They believed that by using computers the production of their factory____。
A）will already increase
B）would greatly increase
C）would be increased greatly
D）will have been greatly increased
30）You won„t know if it fits you before you____it on。
A）will try B）are trying
C）try D）have tried
31）We ____your terms carefully but ____to say that we cannot accept them。
A）are studying…regret
B）have studied…are regretting
C）have studied…regret
D）have been studying…have regretted
32）James has just arrived， but I didn„t know he ____until yesterday。
A）will come B）was coming
C）had been coming D）came
33）By the time you arrive tonight，I ____for several hours。
A）had studied B）have been studied
C）had been studying D）will have been studying
34）According to the timetable， the train for Shanghai_ ___at seven o„clock in the
evening。
A）leaves B）has left
C）was left D）will leave
35）I can„t find my dictionary。I wonder whether Mary ____it now。
A）have B）has
C）is having D）had
36））Mr Harris said that he ____to the supermarket before going home。
A）will go B）had gone
C）would go D）is to go
37）It was not until then that I came to know that knowledge ____only from practice。
A）had B）has come C）came D）comes
38）You ____the difficulties when I finish telling you the whole story。
A）will be seen B）will have seen
C）will see D）see
39）She is studying medical science now， but she_ ___a lawyer。
A）used to be B）would be
C）formerly were D）had been
40） It is reported that by the end of this month， the output of cement in the factory
____by about 10%。（CET－4 1996，1）
A） will have risen B） has risen
C） will be risen D） has been rising
41).My train arrives in New York at eight o„clock。 The plane I would like to take
from there ____by then。 （CET－4 1998，6）
A） will have left B） would leave C） had left D） has left
42. If you smoke in a non-smoking section people______
A）Will object B) objected C） must object D） have objected
43. The conference _____ a full week by the time it ends
A）must have lasted B )will have lasted C）would last D） has lasted
44. It seems oil ___from this pipe for some time, we „ll have to take the machine apart
to put it right
A）had leaked B) is leaking C） leaked D）has been leaking
45. If she doesn‟t tell him the truth now he will simply keep on asking her until she
___
A）has done B )does C）will do D）would do
46. We __our breakfast when an old man came to the door
A）Just have had B) have just had C） just had D）had just had
47. Before the first nonstop flight made in 1949, it ___necessary for all planes to land
for refueling.
A）would be B has been C） had been D）would have been
48. Until then, his family ___form him for six months
A）didn‟t hear B) hasn‟t been hearing C） hasn‟t heard D）hadn‟t heard
49. Ever since Picasso‟s paintings went on exhibit, there ___large crowds at the
museum every day.
A）have been B) has been C) is D) are being
50. The last half of the nineteenth century ___the steady improvement in the means of travel
A）has witnessed B) was witnessed C）is witnessed D）witnessed
将来进行时
一、将来进行时的形式 ：将来进行时由“will/shall be+现在分词”构成
二、将来进行时的用法 :将来进行时表示在将来某一时间内正在进行的动作。将来进行时有很强的推测性，因此人们往往在以下几种场合中使用它：
1. 表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，一般带状语。
例如：What will you be doing at this time next Monday?
下周一的这个时候你将做什么了？
When he comes to my house tomorrow, I____________(写 )the report.
Daniel’s family ____their holiday in Huangshan this time next week. (2009 安徽)
are enjoying B. are to enjoy C. will enjoy D. will be enjoying
2. 表示现在正在进行的动作，但这个动作会延续到将来。
例如：I wonder if it will still be raining this afternoon.
我想知道今天下午是否还会一直下雨。
I think that she ____________(work)on this experiment until next morning.
我想她会一直在做这个实验直到第二天早上。
3. 表示预定的将来动作或对将来的预测。
例如：The weather report says that it ____ when we arrive in Wuxi City tomorrow afternoon.
A.is snowing B. snows C. will be snowing
Tomorrow I___________ to Bombay.明天我将飞往孟买。
After you take the medicine, you _________ much better.
吃完药后，你会感觉好很多。
4. 表示委婉或有礼貌的询问、请求等语气.
例如：When shall we be meeting again？ 我们什么时候能再见面？
例题： -- ____you _____ basketball this weekend? If you will, could I join you?
Yes. Welcome to join us!
Do; play B.Have; played C.Are; playing D.Will; be playing
5. 表示原因。
例如：Please come tomorrow afternoon .Tomorrow morning, I'll be having a meeting.
明天下午快点来。明天早上我将有一个会议。
6. 表示结果。
例如：Stop the child or he will be falling over. 快阻止孩子，要不然他会摔跤的。
7. 表示对将来的打算（区别于对将来的预测）
例如：My duties will end in July, and I'll be returning to Beijing. 七月我将结束工作，返回北京。
过去将来时
一、概念
过去将来时的动词表示对过去某一时间来说将要发生的动作或呈现的状态。这个时态常用在宾语从句中。
二、过去将来时用法
1. should/would + 动词原形
例如：He said he would be there before Monday.他说他星期一以前将在那里。
We hoped she should not go the next week. 我们希望下星期她不去。
注意：这个时态是一个相对的时态，立足于过去某时，从过去的观点看未来。在一定的语境中也可用于其他从句或句子中。
例如：It was a problem whether he____________ us. 他是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 It was seven o’clock. The sun would soon set. 这时是七点钟，太阳即将落山。
此外，would（should）+动词原形 过去将来时常可用来表示过去习惯性的动作。此时，不管什么人称，一律用would。
例如： Whenever she had time，she would do some reading.她一有时间，总是看书。 I____________with them when I was a child.当我还是孩童时，总是和他们一起玩。
2. was/were going + 动词不定式 表示过去曾经打算或计划准备要做的事。
例如： They told me that they _____________________.将要举行一次野餐。
We were going to have a meeting. 我们曾经打算开个会。
过去将来时的这种形式可以表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的事，但未实现的动作。 I was just going to ring him up when she came.
我刚要给他打电话，她就来了。 ( 电话没打成 )
3. was/were about + 动词不定式 表示在过去看来正要、即将做某事。
例如：They were about to leave when the telephone rang. 他们正要走，电话铃响了。 I____________________________________________ 我正要睡觉，她来看我了。
4．was/were + 动词不定式 表示表示计划、安排要做的事情
例如： He _____________ her at 10 on the street. 他约定和她10点钟在街上见面。 注意：若表示过去没有实现(或被取消)的计划，则用was (were) to+动词完成时。 例如： They were to have left at 7 last night. 他们本来计划昨晚7点离开的。
5 .go, come, leave, take off, arrive, start等少数动词（词组）用于过去进行时，表示过去将要发生的事情 如: They said they _________________ America soon.他们说他们不久就要动身去美国
M2U2语法练习
一、单项选择
1. The Blacks with us for the time being.
A. will stay B. would stay C. have been staying D. will be staying
2. The plane at the present speed until it crosses the mountain at about ten tonight.
A. would go B. went C. will be going D. goes
3. Mr. Smith will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because ______ then.
A. he must have a class B. he will be teaching a class
C. he teaches a class D. he will have been teaching a class
4. I won’t be able to watch the concert on TV tonight because I homework at that time.
A. shall have done B. shall be doing C. shall do D. have been doing
5. I _______ my boss at three this afternoon.
A. shall be picking up B. shall be picked
C. shall have been picking up D. shall have picked
6. You can’t miss Frank. He______ a dark green suit and a yellow tie waiting for you.【grammar,have,been,to,go,to】
A. is wearing B. will wear C. wears D. will be wearing
7. ----Could you give these books to Mr. Black?
----Absolutely, _______him at five o’clock this afternoon.
A.I will have a talk B. I have a talk with
C.I can have a talk with D.I will be having a talk with
8. I’m afraid I won’t be available then. I _____ a friend off at three this afternoon.
A. see B. am seeing C. will see D. will be seeing
9. Next Friday I will go to another concert .They ____some thing by Mozart at that time.
A. play B. will be playing C. are going to play D. are to play.
10. ---What are you doing, Jack?
---Make a model plane. I ____ it in the science class at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning.
A. will be showing B. am going to show C. show D. have showed
11. We _____ a debate on some environmental issues all afternoon tomorrow.
A. will be having B. am having C. am going to have D. have
12. What do you think you _____at this time next year?
A .will do B. will be doing C. are about to do D. do
13. ---What will you do tomorrow evening?
---I _____my favorite program between 8 and 11, then I will go out to drink in my usual bar.
A. will watch B. am about to watch
C. will be watching D. am watching
14. ---When will you come to see me, Dad?
---I will go to see you when you_____ the training course.
A. will have finished B. will be finishing C. are finishing D. finish
15. Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend, up in no time.
A. to stand B. standing C. stood D. would stand
16. I _______ very happy if I could be of some service to you.
A. would be B. have been C. must be D. can be
17. The meeting was to at 9 o’clock but the manager until twenty minutes later.
A. start; didn’t turn up B. have started; didn’t turn up
C. start; hadn’t turned up D. be started; hadn’t turned up
18. ---- he come to see you?
----Of course, please. And I’d rather he A. Will; inform B. Shall; told C. Should; would say D. Can; spoke
19. If the building project _____ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company
_____ fined.
A. will be completed; is to be B. to be completed; will be
C. being completed; will be D. completed; was
20. ---- I rang you at about ten, but no one answered the phone.
---- Oh, that was probably when I _______ my neighbor.
A. visited B. was going to visit C. was visiting D. had visited
21. Because I the next day, I went to bed early on Saturday evening.
A. was leaving B. will leave C. had left D. was about to leave
22. ----Henry, fancy meeting you here.
----Oh, it’s you Jack. Sorry, I ______ you ______ to me.
A. didn’t think; were speaking B. don’t think; spoke
C. didn’t think; would speak D. thought; are speaking
23. By next summer John in this factory for thirteen years.
A．has been working B．will have been working
C．will be working D．has worked
24. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ___from the university next year.
A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate
25. I _______________ the office when the telephone rang.
A. was about to leave B. would leave C. left D. was to leave
26. According to their agreement reached in 1943, no country ___________ peace with Germany alone.
A. is to make B. was to make C. would make D. was about to make
27. He promised me if we_______ the game, he ________us a round of drink.
A. win; will buy B. would win; would buy
C. won; bought D. won; would buy
28. He said time and time again that he _________, but he actually stayed well after midnight.
A. is leaving B. was leaving C. was to leave D. will leave
29. ---- Mom, I got the first prize in the spelling contest.
----Oh, how great! Daddy will be so proud of you. He _____ you _____ to win.
A. never think; are going B. never thought; were going
C. didn’t think; were going D. hadn’t thought; were going
30. Tom_________ to Jerry and tell him about his new school at once.
A. will write B. writes C. wrote D. writes
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. He __________ (lie) on one of the sunny beaches in Hawaii all day when he spends his holiday there.
2. Don’t call me between 2:00 and 4:00 this afternoon. I ________ (have) an test then.
3. Nobody knew what ________ (happen) to the Earth in a century’s time.
4. Mr. Lee said he would give the CD to me as soon as he ______ (return) from Canada.
5. When we were young, father________ (take) us for a special treat on Mother’s day.
6. ----Did you invite Sarah to your birthday party?
----Sorry, I forget. I _______ (call) her now.
7. You have to put in more effort if you were _________ (pass) the test.
8. I __________ (tell) you about my plan, but you stopped me before I could speak.
9. Will you __________（use）your computer this time tomorrow?
10. I __________ (close) the kitchen door when a little mouse popped its head out.
三、句子改错
1. He was to cross the road when a car suddenly raced up round the corner.
2. When we went to the west coast for spring break, we will find hotel near the beach.
3. Many animals will die of thirst when the river will run dry.
4. She said she was going to come when her mother told her supper was ready.
5. Are you going to call the police when you found your laptop stolen?
四、中译英
1. 我正打算往河里跳时看见水里出现一条蛇。
2. 下个月的今天我们将乘飞往去南美洲。
3. 据报道，有一颗人造卫星将在酒泉被发射。
4. 她本打算今年暑假去欧洲旅行，但金融危机使她丢了工作。
5. 我的朋友告诉我他下个月就开始他的研究计划。
五、真题回顾
1. ---Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something.
---Oh, how nice of you! I ______ you ______ to bring me a gift.
A. never think; are going B. never thought; were going
C. didn’t think; were going D. hadn’t thought; were going
2. --We could have walked to the station; it was so near.
---Yes. A taxi ______ at all necessary.
A. wasn't B. hadn't been C. wouldn't be D. won't be
3. .We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ___ office soon.
A. leaves B. would leave C. left D. had left
4. --- Alice, why didn't you come yesterday?
--- I _______, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
5. ---Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.
--- Oh, nothing much. In fact, I _____ of my friends back home.
A. have just thought B. was just thinking
C. would just think D. will just be thinking
6. ---Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night.
--- I _____, but I suddenly remember I had homework to do.
A. had to B. didn’t C. was going to D. wouldn’t
7. In a room above the store where a party_______ , some workers were busily setting the table.
A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held
8. I _____ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _______.
A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred
C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred
9. --- Has your father returned from Africa yet?
--- Yes, but he _________ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.
A. was B. has been C. will be D. would be
10. ---Ring me at seven a.m.?
--- No, not that early! I ________.
A. sleep B. will sleep C. am sleeping D. will be sleeping
11. You know, I ______ looking for a job for three months, and this is my first interview.
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