【www.guakaob.com--成人英语三级】
.一、词形变换
1.stomach---------/胃疼--------2.tooth(复数)-------/牙疼-----------
3.lie(过去)------/现在分词-------4.break(过去)----------
5.hurt(过去)-----------6.surprise(形)----------//-------------
7.troulb(可数/不可数)8.hit(过去)----------/现在分词---------
9.she(反身)-----------------10.we(反身)---------
11.sick(名词)--------------12.climb(名词)-----------
13.accident(一起事故)--------------14.knife复数------------
15.mean(过去)--------//(名词)---------16.decide(名词)---------
17.important(名词)---------
18.die(过去)----------/现在分词--------//形--------/(名词)---------
二、重点短语
haveafever发烧
2.haveacough咳嗽
3.haveacold受凉;感冒
4.haveastomachache胃疼/headache头痛
5.haveatoothache牙疼
6.haveasoreback背疼
7.haveasorethroat喉咙痛
8.drinkenoughwater喝足够的水
9.talktoomuch说得太多
10.liedownandrest躺下来休息
11.hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶
12.seeadentist看牙医
13.getanX-ray拍X光片
14.takeone’stemperature量体温
15.putsomemedicineonsth.在„„上面敷药
16.feelveryhot感到很热
17.soundlike+名词听起来像
18.allweekend整个周末[来源:数理化网]
19.inthesameway以同样的方式
20.gotoadoctor看医生
21.goalong沿着„„走
22.onthesideoftheroad在马路边
23.shoutforhelp大声呼救
24.withoutthinkingtwice没有多想
25.getoff下车
26.haveaheartproblem有心脏病
27.toone’ssurprise使.......惊讶的
28.thanksto多亏了;由于
29.intime及时
30.savealife挽救生命
31.getintotrouble造成麻烦
32.rightaway立刻;马上
33.becauseof由于
34.getoutof离开;从„„出萍
35.hurtoneself受伤
36.putabandageonsth.用绷带包扎
37.falldown摔倒
38.feelsick感到恶心
39.haveanosebleed流鼻血
40.cuthisknee割伤他的膝盖
41.putherheadback把她的头向后仰
42.haveproblemsbreathing呼吸困难
43.mountainclimbing登山运动
44.beusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事
45.runout(of)用完;用尽
46.sothat以便
47.so...that如此„„以至于„
48.beincontrolof掌管;管理
49.inadifficultsituation在困境屮
50.keepondoingsth.继续或坚持做某事
51.makeadecision做出决定
52.takerisks冒险
53.giveup放弃
Unit1What’sthematter?语法讲解 SectionA
1.What’sthematter?怎么啦?出什么事情了?
(解析)matter/'m?t?(r))/n.问题;事情
What’sthematterwithyou?
=What’sthetroublewithyou?
=What’swrongwithyou?
=Whathappenstoyou?你怎么了?
(注):matter和trouble为名词,其前可加the或形容词性物主代词,
wrong是adj.不能加the
(2013自贡3)18.—What’sthematter______Tom.Heiswetthrough.
—Hiscarran_______theriver. A.with;inB.to;intoC.with;into
()①What’s____withyou? A.troubleB.thematterC.thewrongD.matter
(2013湖北孝感)—_________?
—IhaveaheadacheandIdon’tfeellikeeatinganything. A.HowareyouB.WhatcanIdoforyou
C.What’sthematterwithyouD.Howdoyoulikeit
(2011.云南昆明)27.—What’sthematterwithTina?
—_______________. A.Sheisaway.B.Sheiscool. C.Shehasasorethroat.D.Sheshouldtakesomemedicine
(拓展)matter的用法
(1)Itdoesn’tmatter没关系(用来回答别人道歉时的用语)
()—I’msorrytobreakyourpen.—_______
A.That’srightB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.Thankyou
(2013江苏徐州)3.—Pleasedon'tthrowpaperontheground.
—________,Iwon't. A.ExcusemeB.That'sallright C.SorryD.Itdoesn'tmatter
(2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔)17.-Ihaveapaininmyback.
-_____.You’dbetterseeadoctor.
A.I’msorrytohearthatB.Nothingserious
C.Itdoesn’tmatter
(2013湖北武汉)39.—I’mverysorry.Ibrokeyourteacup.
—__________.
A.Itdoesn’tmatterB.You’dbetternot
C.TakeiteasyD.It’stoobad
(2013四川广安)26.—Sorry,I'mlateagain.
—______.
A.That’sOKB.Itdoesn'tmatterC.Goodidea
2.havea/an+疾病名词“患„„病”(cold/fever/cough)
①Mike’ssister_________________(nothave)astomachache.
(2012曲靖中考)Ididn’tsleepwelllastnight,becauseI_____atoothache. A.wasB.wentC.hadD.took
(2013山东莱芜)—Tony,What’s___matterwithyou?
—Ihave_____toothache. A.a;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;/
4.Shetalkedtoomuchyesterdayanddidn’tdrinkenoughwater.
她昨天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。
(解析1)toomuch/toomany/muchtoo
短语
含义
用法
例句
too[来源:] much
太多[来源:][来源:][源:]
[来源:]
后接不可数名词[来源:]
Thereis[来源:] 来
toomuchrain[来源:]
thesedays[来源:]
修饰动词,放在动词之后 WatchingTVtoomuch
isbadforyoureyes. too many
太多
后接可数名词复数 Therearetoomany thingsformetodo
everyday. much too
太
修饰形容词或副词
It’smuchtoocold
inwinter.
()Mr.Smitheats______food,sohe’s_____fat. A.muchtoo;toomuchB.toomany;muchtoo C.toomuch;toomuchD.toomuch;muchtoo
(2013孝感)—Whyareyousotiredthesedays?
—Well,Ihave________homeworktodo. A.toomuchB.toomany C.muchtooD.manytoo
(2013广西玉林)—Themeatis____delicious.
—Yes,butdon’teat_____. A.toomuch;toomuchB.muchtoo;toomuch C.toomuch;muchtooD.muchtoo;muchtoo
(解析2)enough的用法
(1)adj.足够的,充分的修饰名词时,可放在名词之前或之后enoughtime
(2)adv.“足够地,十分,相当”
修饰adj./adv,放在adj./adv后expensiveenough (3)be+adj.+enoughtodosthbestrongenoughtocarrythebox.
()①Theboyisn’t___todresshimself. A.oldenoughB.enougholdC.old
(2013绥化3)26.—Howdoyoulikethetalkshow?
—Ithinkit’s________,butsomepeoplethinkit’sso________.
A.wonderfulenough;bored B.enoughwonderful;boring C.wonderfulenough;boring
5.drinksomehotteawithhoney.喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶。
(解析)with:⑴prep“具有,带有”,表示某物具有某种特征。 Sheisagirlwithlonghair.
with(反)without ()Hehasasorethroat.Heshould______. A.seeadentistB.drinkhotteawithhoney C.drinkalotofmilkD.eatnothing
(2010宁夏1)25.—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?
—Yes,andpleasegetmesomemilk.Iprefercoffee____milk. A.withB.toC.ofD.on
(2013连云港)30.—I'dlikeacupofblackcoffee.Whataboutyou,Maggie?
—Iprefercoffee________sugar. A.thanB.forC.withD.to
⑵prep用......,表示“使用某种工具” Cutitwithaknife.
6.seeadentistandgetanx-ray.看牙医并且拍张x光。
(解析1)seeadentist=gotoadentist看牙医
seeadoctor=gotoadoctor看医生
(解析2)X-ray/'eksrei/n.X射线;X光
(2011湖南湘西)Youareill.Youhadbetter___thedoctorrightnow. A.lookatB.seeC.watch
(2012四川成都)33.—Wheredidyougoyesterday,Rick?
—Iwenttoseea______becauseIhadacold. A.teacherB.doctorC.reporter
7.Whatshouldshedo?她该怎么办呢?
ShouldItakemytemperature?我应该量一下体温吗?
(解1)should“应该”情态动词,后跟动词原形,表示责任和义务
shouldnot=shouldn’t不应该
主语+should/shouldn’t+动词原形...
①Youshouldliedownandrest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。
②Youshouldn’t’tgooutatnight.你晚上不应该出去。
①Youshould_________(lie)downandrest.
()②You____bequietwhenyouareinthereadingroom.
A.shouldB.shouldn’tC.canD.can’t
(2013重庆)30.Hurryup,oryou____catchthetrain.
A.can’tB.needn’tC.mustn'tD.shouldn’t
(2013山西)21.Acountryhasdreams.Weteenagers________alsohavedreams.A.mayB.mustC.should (2013安徽)You_____driveyourcarsofast.It’sverydangerous.
A.wouldn’tB.shouldn’tC.couldn’tD.mightn’t
(解析2)takeone’stemperature量体温
8.No,itdoesn’tsoundlikeyouhaveafever.
Unit1What’sthematter?
.一、词形变换
1.stomach---------/胃疼--------2.tooth(复数)-------/牙疼-----------
3.lie(过去)------/现在分词-------4.break(过去)----------
5.hurt(过去)-----------6.surprise(形)----------//-------------
7.troulb(可数/不可数)8.hit(过去)----------/现在分词---------
9.she(反身)-----------------10.we(反身)---------
11.sick(名词)--------------12.climb(名词)-----------
13.accident(一起事故)--------------14.knife复数------------
15.mean(过去)--------//(名词)---------16.decide(名词)---------
17.important(名词)---------
18.die(过去)----------/现在分词--------//形--------/(名词)---------
二、重点短语
haveafever发烧
2.haveacough咳嗽
3.haveacold受凉;感冒
4.haveastomachache胃疼/headache头痛
5.haveatoothache牙疼
6.haveasoreback背疼
7.haveasorethroat喉咙痛
8.drinkenoughwater喝足够的水
9.talktoomuch说得太多
10.liedownandrest躺下来休息
11.hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶
12.seeadentist看牙医
13.getanX-ray拍X光片
14.takeone’stemperature量体温
15.putsomemedicineonsth.在„„上面敷药
16.feelveryhot感到很热
17.soundlike+名词听起来像
18.allweekend整个周末[来源:数理化网]
19.inthesameway以同样的方式
20.gotoadoctor看医生
21.goalong沿着„„走
22.onthesideoftheroad在马路边
23.shoutforhelp大声呼救
24.withoutthinkingtwice没有多想
25.getoff下车
26.haveaheartproblem有心脏病
27.toone’ssurprise使.......惊讶的
28.thanksto多亏了;由于
29.intime及时
30.savealife挽救生命
31.getintotrouble造成麻烦
32.rightaway立刻;马上
33.becauseof由于
34.getoutof离开;从„„出萍
35.hurtoneself受伤
36.putabandageonsth.用绷带包扎
37.falldown摔倒
38.feelsick感到恶心
39.haveanosebleed流鼻血
40.cuthisknee割伤他的膝盖
41.putherheadback把她的头向后仰
42.haveproblemsbreathing呼吸困难
43.mountainclimbing登山运动
44.beusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事
45.runout(of)用完;用尽
46.sothat以便
47.so...that如此„„以至于„
48.beincontrolof掌管;管理
49.inadifficultsituation在困境屮
50.keepondoingsth.继续或坚持做某事
51.makeadecision做出决定
52.takerisks冒险
53.giveup放弃
Unit1What’sthematter?语法讲解
SectionA
1.What’sthematter?怎么啦?出什么事情了?
(解析)matter/'m?t?(r))/n.问题;事情
What’sthematterwithyou?
=What’sthetroublewithyou?
=What’swrongwithyou?
=Whathappenstoyou?你怎么了?
(注):matter和trouble为名词,其前可加the或形容词性物主代词,
wrong是adj.不能加the
(2013自贡3)18.—What’sthematter______Tom.Heiswetthrough.
—Hiscarran_______theriver.
A.with;inB.to;intoC.with;into
()①What’s____withyou?
A.troubleB.thematterC.thewrongD.matter
(2013湖北孝感)—_________?
—IhaveaheadacheandIdon’tfeellikeeatinganything.
A.HowareyouB.WhatcanIdoforyou
C.What’sthematterwithyouD.Howdoyoulikeit
(2011.云南昆明)27.—What’sthematterwithTina?
—_______________.
A.Sheisaway.B.Sheiscool.
C.Shehasasorethroat.D.Sheshouldtakesomemedicine
(拓展)matter的用法
(1)Itdoesn’tmatter没关系(用来回答别人道歉时的用语)
()—I’msorrytobreakyourpen.—_______
A.That’srightB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.Thankyou
(2013江苏徐州)3.—Pleasedon'tthrowpaperontheground.
—________,Iwon't.
A.ExcusemeB.That'sallright
C.SorryD.Itdoesn'tmatter
(2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔)17.-Ihaveapaininmyback.
-_____.You’dbetterseeadoctor.
A.I’msorrytohearthatB.Nothingserious
C.Itdoesn’tmatter【troulb的可数名词】
(2013湖北武汉)39.—I’mverysorry.Ibrokeyourteacup.
—__________.
A.Itdoesn’tmatterB.You’dbetternot
C.TakeiteasyD.It’stoobad
(2013四川广安)26.—Sorry,I'mlateagain.
—______.
A.That’sOKB.Itdoesn'tmatterC.Goodidea
2.havea/an+疾病名词“患„„病”(cold/fever/cough)
①Mike’ssister_________________(nothave)astomachache.
(2012曲靖中考)Ididn’tsleepwelllastnight,becauseI_____atoothache.
A.wasB.wentC.hadD.took
(2013山东莱芜)—Tony,What’s___matterwithyou?
—Ihave_____toothache.
A.a;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;/
4.Shetalkedtoomuchyesterdayanddidn’tdrinkenoughwater.
她昨天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。
(解析1)toomuch/toomany/muchtoo
短语
含义
用法
例句
too[来源:]
much
太多[来源:][来源:][源:]
[来源:]
后接不可数名词[来源:] 来
Thereis[来源:]
toomuchrain[来源:]
thesedays[来源:]
修饰动词,放在动词之后
WatchingTVtoomuch
isbadforyoureyes.
too
many
太多
后接可数名词复数
Therearetoomany
thingsformetodo
everyday.
much
too
太
修饰形容词或副词
It’smuchtoocold
inwinter.
()Mr.Smitheats______food,sohe’s_____fat.
A.muchtoo;toomuchB.toomany;muchtoo
C.toomuch;toomuchD.toomuch;muchtoo
(2013孝感)—Whyareyousotiredthesedays?
—Well,Ihave________homeworktodo.
A.toomuchB.toomany
C.muchtooD.manytoo
(2013广西玉林)—Themeatis____delicious.
—Yes,butdon’teat_____.
A.toomuch;toomuchB.muchtoo;toomuch
C.toomuch;muchtooD.muchtoo;muchtoo
(解析2)enough的用法
(1)adj.足够的,充分的修饰名词时,可放在名词之前或之后enoughtime
(2)adv.“足够地,十分,相当”
修饰adj./adv,放在adj./adv后expensiveenough
(3)be+adj.+enoughtodosthbestrongenoughtocarrythebox.
()①Theboyisn’t___todresshimself.
A.oldenoughB.enougholdC.old
(2013绥化3)26.—Howdoyoulikethetalkshow?
—Ithinkit’s________,butsomepeoplethinkit’sso________.
A.wonderfulenough;bored
B.enoughwonderful;boring
C.wonderfulenough;boring
5.drinksomehotteawithhoney.喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶。
(解析)with:⑴prep“具有,带有”,表示某物具有某种特征。
Sheisagirlwithlonghair.
with(反)without
()Hehasasorethroat.Heshould______.
A.seeadentistB.drinkhotteawithhoney
C.drinkalotofmilkD.eatnothing
(2010宁夏1)25.—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?
—Yes,andpleasegetmesomemilk.Iprefercoffee____milk.
A.withB.toC.ofD.on
(2013连云港)30.—I'dlikeacupofblackcoffee.Whataboutyou,Maggie?
—Iprefercoffee________sugar.
A.thanB.forC.withD.to
⑵prep用......,表示“使用某种工具”
Cutitwithaknife.
6.seeadentistandgetanx-ray.看牙医并且拍张x光。
(解析1)seeadentist=gotoadentist看牙医
seeadoctor=gotoadoctor看医生
(解析2)X-ray/'eksrei/n.X射线;X光
(2011湖南湘西)Youareill.Youhadbetter___thedoctorrightnow.
A.lookatB.seeC.watch
(2012四川成都)33.—Wheredidyougoyesterday,Rick?
—Iwenttoseea______becauseIhadacold.
A.teacherB.doctorC.reporter
7.Whatshouldshedo?她该怎么办呢?
ShouldItakemytemperature?我应该量一下体温吗?
(解1)should“应该”情态动词,后跟动词原形,表示责任和义务
shouldnot=shouldn’t不应该
主语+should/shouldn’t+动词原形...
①Youshouldliedownandrest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。
②Youshouldn’t’tgooutatnight.你晚上不应该出去。
①Youshould_________(lie)downandrest.
()②You____bequietwhenyouareinthereadingroom.
A.shouldB.shouldn’tC.canD.can’t
(2013重庆)30.Hurryup,oryou____catchthetrain.
A.can’tB.needn’tC.mustn'tD.shouldn’t
(2013山西)21.Acountryhasdreams.Weteenagers________alsohavedreams.A.mayB.mustC.should (2013安徽)You_____driveyourcarsofast.It’sverydangerous.
A.wouldn’tB.shouldn’tC.couldn’tD.mightn’t
(解析2)takeone’stemperature量体温
26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’ s surprise 使....... 惊讶的 28. thanks to 多亏了 ;由于
29. in time 及时 .一、词形变换
30. save a life 挽救生命 1.stomach---------/胃疼-------- 2.tooth(复数)-------/牙疼-----------
31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 3.lie(过去)------/现在分词------- 4.break(过去)----------
5.hurt(过去)----------- 6.surprise(形)----------//------------- 32. right away 立刻;马上 7.troulb(可数/不可数) 8.hit (过去)----------/ 现在分词--------- 33. because of 由于
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
9.she(反身)----------------- 10.we(反身)---------
11.sick(名词)-------------- 12.climb(名词)-----------
13.accident(一起事故)-------------- 14.knife 复数------------
15.mean (过去)--------// (名词)--------- 16.decide(名词)---------
17.important(名词)---------
18.die (过去)----------/ 现在分词-------- //形--------/ (名词)--------- 二、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a cold 受凉;感冒 4. have a stomachache 胃疼/headache 头痛 5. have a toothache 牙疼 6. have a sore back 背疼 7. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 8. drink enough water 喝足够的水 9. talk too much 说得太多 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医 13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one’ s temperature 量体温 15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药
16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like +名词 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生
21. go along 沿着……走
22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without thinking twice 没有多想
25. get off 下车
34. get out of 离开;从……出萍
35. hurt oneself 受伤 36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fall down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便 47. so. . . that 如此… …以至于… 48. be in control of 掌管;管理 49. in a difficult situation 在困境屮 50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事 51. make a decision 做出决定 52. take risks 冒险 53. give up 放弃
Unit1 What’s the matter?语法讲解 Section A 1. What’ s the ? 怎么啦?出什么事情了?
(解析)matter/ ' mætə(r)) /n.问题;事情 What’ s the matter with you? = What’s the trouble with you?
= What’ s wrong with you? =What happens to you? 你怎么了?
(注): matter 和trouble 为名词, 其前可加the
代词, wrong 是adj. 不能加the【troulb的可数名词】
; ;
26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’ s surprise 使....... 惊讶的 28. thanks to 多亏了 ;由于
29. in time 及时 .一、词形变换
30. save a life 挽救生命 1.stomach---------/胃疼-------- 2.tooth(复数)-------/牙疼-----------
31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 3.lie(过去)------/现在分词------- 4.break(过去)----------
5.hurt(过去)----------- 6.surprise(形)----------//------------- 32. right away 立刻;马上 7.troulb(可数/不可数) 8.hit (过去)----------/ 现在分词--------- 33. because of 由于
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
9.she(反身)----------------- 10.we(反身)---------
11.sick(名词)-------------- 12.climb(名词)-----------
13.accident(一起事故)-------------- 14.knife 复数------------
15.mean (过去)--------// (名词)--------- 16.decide(名词)---------
17.important(名词)---------
18.die (过去)----------/ 现在分词-------- //形--------/ (名词)--------- 二、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a cold 受凉;感冒 4. have a stomachache 胃疼/headache 头痛 5. have a toothache 牙疼 6. have a sore back 背疼 7. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 8. drink enough water 喝足够的水 9. talk too much 说得太多 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医 13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one’ s temperature 量体温 15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药
16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like +名词 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生
21. go along 沿着……走
22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without thinking twice 没有多想
25. get off 下车
34. get out of 离开;从……出萍
35. hurt oneself 受伤 36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fall down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便 47. so. . . that 如此… …以至于… 48. be in control of 掌管;管理 49. in a difficult situation 在困境屮 50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事 51. make a decision 做出决定 52. take risks 冒险 53. give up 放弃
Unit1 What’s the matter?语法讲解 Section A 1. What’ s the ? 怎么啦?出什么事情了?
(解析)matter/ ' mætə(r)) /n.问题;事情 What’ s the matter with you? = What’s the trouble with you?
= What’ s wrong with you? =What happens to you? 你怎么了?
(注): matter 和trouble 为名词, 其前可加the
代词, wrong 是adj. 不能加the
; ;
名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加s或es. 现将构成规则与读音规则列表如下:
英语里有一些名词的复数形式不是以词尾-s或-es构成,它们的构成方法主要如下表:
其它名词复数的规则变化
1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数: 如: two Marys the Henrys【troulb的可数名词】
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays
比较: 层楼:storey ---storeys story---stories
2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:
a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos;
b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c. 均可,如:zero---zeros / zeroes
3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:
a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs;
b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves;
c. 均可,如: handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves 名词复数的不规则变化
1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth
mouse---mice man---men woman---women
注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。
如: an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。
2)单复同形 如:
deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese
li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin
但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:
a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters
3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。
如: people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说 a person,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。 如: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:
a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。
c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。 "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. <<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。
5) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes
若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers
6) 另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
名词复数的变化
1、 名词复数的规则变化 成对的共有10对: 清 浊 [p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] [f] [v] [s] [z] [θ] [Б ] [∫] [З] [ts] [dz] [t∫][dЗ]
[tr] [dr]
另外,清辅音还有:[r]、[h],一共是12个。
浊辅音还有:[m]、[n]、[ŋ]、[l]、[j]、[w],一共是16个
一般情况 加 -s 清辅音后读/s/ map-maps
浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars
以s, sh, ch, x等结尾 加 -es 读 /iz/
bus-buses/ watch-watches
以ce, se, ze,等结尾 加 -s 读 /iz/
license-licenses
以辅音字母+y结尾 变y 为i再加es
读 /z/ baby---babies
2、 其它名词复数的规则变化
1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。例如: two Marys the Henrys
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:
a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos;
b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes
(注意:英语中只有四个以O结尾加es的单词:negro,hero,tomato,potato) c. 上述a和b两种方法均可,如zero---zeros / zeroes。 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时: a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs;
b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves
knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves;
c. 上述a和b两种方法均可,如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。 3 、名词复数的不规则变化
1) child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth
mouse---mice man---men woman---women
注意:由一个词加 man 或 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women,如an Englishman,two Englishmen。但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。
2) 单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。
3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如: people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle, the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,如The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
4) 以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:
a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。 b. news 为不可数名词。
c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。
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