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2013年普通高等学校招生,全国统一考试(全国新课标卷)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man want to do?
A．Take photos. B．Buy a camera. C．Help the woman.
2．What are the speakers talking about?
A．A noisy night. B．Their life in town. C．A place of living.
3．Where is the man now?
A．On his way. B．In a restaurant. C．At home.
4．What will Celia do?
A．Find a player. B．Watch a game. C．Play basketball.
5．What day is it when the conversation takes place?
A．Saturday. B．Sunday. C．Monday.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6，7题。
6．What is Sara going to do?
A．Buy John a gift. B．Give John a surprise. C．Invite John to France.
7．What does the man think of Sara's plan?
A．Funny. B．Exciting. C．Strange.
听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。
8．Why does Diana say sorry to Peter?
A．She has to give up her travel plan.
B．She wants to visit another city.
C．She needs to put off her test.
9．What does Diana want Peter to do?
A．Help her with her study.
B．Take a book to her friend.
C．Teach a geography lesson.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why does the man call the woman?
A．To tell her about her new job.
B．To ask about her job program.
C．To plan a meeting with her.
11．Who needs a new flat?
A．Alex. B．Andrea. C．Miranda.
12．Where is the woman now?
A．In Baltimore. B．In New York. C．In Avon.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant?
A．Where the restaurant is.
B．Whether the prices are low.
C．How well the food is prepared.
14．When did Jan begin to write for a magazine?
A．After he came back to Sweden.
B．Before he went to the United States.
C．As soon as he got his first job in 1982.
15．What may Jan do to find a good restaurant?
A．Talk to people in the street.
B．Speak to taxi drivers.
C．Ask hotel clerks.
16．What do we know about Jan?
A．He cooks for a restaurant.
B．He travels a lot for his work.
C．He prefers American food.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What do we know about the Plaza Leon?
A．It's a new building. B．It's a small town. C．It's a public place.
18．When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Leon?
A．Saturday nights. B．Sunday afternoons. C．Fridays and Saturdays.
19．Which street is known for its food shops and markets?
A．Via del Mar Street. B．Fernando Street. C．Hernandes Street.
20．Why does the speaker like Horatio Street best?
A．It has an old stone surface.
B．it is named after a writer.
C．It has a famous university.
1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.A 11.B
12．A 13.C 14.A 15.A 16.B 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.C
听力录音材料【高中英语新课标单词表听力mp3下载】
Text 1
M：I've got my camera with me, but am I allowed to take photos here? W：I think so. It doesn't say you can't.
Text 2
M：I really like living here in this flat, because it's so near the center of town. W：That's true. But it gets really noisy at night.
Text 3
M：Hi, Maggie, I'm coming, but it's snowing and the traffic is moving slowly. W：
OK, David, take your time. We'll wait for you, so we can have dinner together.
Text 4
M：
Celia, you see those girls over there? They need another player for a basketball game.Would you like to join them?
W：Seems like it's a game for fun, sure, I'll be there in a minute.
Text 5
W：
I won't have anything to wear to work on Monday, unless I pick up my clothes at the drycleaner's.
M：Then, you'd better hurry. It closes at noon on Sundays.
W：Oh, I should have gone there Saturday.
Text 6
M：
All right Sara, we know that you're planning something big for John's birthday. Could youtell us just what you have in your mind?
W：
I wanted to make his birthday a very special event. John has a sister living in France. And I'llsend her a plane ticket, so that she can be here for his birthday.
M：
Boy! What an excellent plan! That's something special. I kind of guessed you had somesecret plan and were waiting for the right time to tell me.
W：Well, I didn't want to say anything until I were sure she could come.
Text 7
W：Hey, Peter, I'm sorry.
M：Hi Diana, what's wrong?
W：We were going to Hong Kong this weekend but I'm afraid I can't go. M：How come?
W：I have a really big geography test and I have to study for it.
M：We can go next week instead.
W：
No, I don't want to ruin your weekend. You go ahead and please take the book I bought tomy friend Sally. Tell her I have to study all weekend because I can't afford to fail the test.
M：OK, then I'll go with Dan. But it's a pity you can't come.
Text 8
W：(Ring) Hello, this is Andrea.
M：
Hello Andrea, this is Alex. I have some very good news for you. Miranda was very satisfiedwith you and said she's very much looking forward to working with you. Isn't that wonderful?Congratulations dear. How does it feel to be Miranda's new assistant? I imagined that you arejust delighted with this news. So, let's see, you can start on Monday, right?
W：
Mmm...Well, I don't think I can start Monday. I'm visiting my father in Baltimore. Andbecause I don't live in New York, I'll need a couple of days to find a flat and buy some furniture,and move my things from Avon.
M：
Oh, well, then, in that case, I suppose Wednesday would be good. OK, see you then.
Text 9
W：
Hello, Mr. Jan Eric Fredmen. You're a frequent traveler and we also know that you eat outtwice a day. How come you are so fond of eating out?
M：
When I got my first job back in 1982 and started traveling, I had no other choice but to eatout. I found that I felt different due to what I was eating, so I tried to find places that servedfood that made me feel good. The secret was the quality of the food and how well the foodwas prepared. I made an effort to find good restaurants as well as nice dishes.
W：How did you manage to make a list of 218 favorite restaurants? M：
I've lived in many cities, and when I moved back to Sweden from the United States, peopleasked me where to go to eat when they went to cities I knew. I got a lot of ideas. Then I wroteabout restaurants for the Swedish Clubs' magazine. And someone suggested I gather theinformation about the restaurants together. Since I had all the facts about the restaurants I'vebeen to, I started to do that.
W：How do you find restaurants?
M：
The best way is to ask the people there. I may talk to people at the street market or take awalk and look for a place myself. I never asked a hotel clerk or a taxi driver. I don't go to emptyrestaurants or places with menus difficult to understand.
Text 10
M：
At the beginning of the tour, we'll start with the most important place in my town, which isthe Plaza Leon. The Plaza Leon, which is more than 100 years' old, is the gathering place foryoung people on Friday and Saturday nights, and for parents and children on Sundayafternoons.
4 streets lead to the plaza, which have wide sidewalks and our tree-
lined.Hernandes Street, which was named after a famous writer born in the city, contains all of thefood stores, fish markets and vegetable stands. Fernando Street, which was named after aneducator, is where all of the government offices are housed. Via del Mar Street, whose roadsare made of stones is the only street which still has its old surface. Finally, we come to HoratioStreet, on which there are 2 universities. One of them is the most famous university in mycountry. That's why it is my favorite street of all.
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷）
英 语
听力部分（每题1.5分，满分30分） 第 一 节 例：How much is the shirt?
A.$19.18. B.$9.18. C.$9.15. 答案是C.
1. What does the man want to do? A. Take photos. B. Buy a camera. C. Help the woman.
2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A noisy night. B. Their life in town. C. A place of living. 3. Where is the man now? A. On his way. B. In a restaurant. C. At home
4. What will Celia do? A. Find a player. B. Watch a game. C. Play basketball.
5. What day is it when the conversation takes place? A. Saturday. B. Sunday. C. Monday.
第 二 节
听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. What is Sara going to do? A. Buy John a gift. B. Give John a surprise. C. Invite John to France.
7. What does the man think of Sara’s plan? A. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Strange.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does Diana say sorry to peter? A. She has to give up her travel pan. B. She wants to visit another city. C. She needs to put off her test. 9. What does Diana want Peter to do? A. Help her with her study. B. Take a book to her friend. C.Teach a geography lesson.【高中英语新课标单词表听力mp3下载】
听力MP3百度网盘链接：听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the man call the woman? A. To tell her about her new job. B. To ask about her job program. C. To plan a meeting with her. 11. Who needs a new flat?
A. Alex. B. Andrea. C. Miranda. 12. Where is the woman now?
A. In Baltimore. B. In New York. C. In Avon.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant?
A. Where the restaurant is. B. Whether the prices are low. C. How well the food is prepared.
14. When did Jan begin to write for a magazine? A. After he came back to Sweden. B. Before he went to the United States. C. As soon as he got his first job in 1982. 15. What may Jan do to find a good restaurant? A. Talk to people in the street. B. Speak to taxi drivers. C. Ask hotel clerks.
16. What do we know about Jan?
A. He cooks for a restaurant. B. He travels a lot of his work. C. He prefers American food.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题
17. What do we know about the Plaza Leon? A. it’s new building. B. it’s a small town. C. it’s public place.
18. When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Leon?
A. Saturday nights. B. Sunday afternoons. C. Fridays and Saturdays.
19. Which street is known for its food shops and markets? A. Via del Mar Street. B. Fernando Street. C. Hernandes Street.
20. Why does the speaker like Horatio Street best? A. It has an old stone surface. B. it is named after a writer. C. It is a famous university.
（复制链接到浏览器中即可，文件长期有效。）
听力原文
1.Man: I’ve got my camera with me. Am I allowed to take photos for you? Woman: I think so. It doesn’t say you can’t.
2. A: I really like living here in this flat, because it’s so near to central town. B: That’s true. But it gets really noisy at night.
3. A: Hi, Maggie. I’m coming, but it’s snowing and the traffic is moving slowly. B: Ok, David. Take your time. We’ll wait for you, so we can have dinner together.
4. A: Celia, you see those girls over there? They need another player for a basketball game. Would you like to join them? B: Seems like it’s a game for fun. Sure, I’ll be there in minute.
5. A: I won’t have anything to wear to work on Monday unless I pick up my clothes at dry cleaners’. B: Then you’d better hurry. It closes at noon on Sundays. A: Oh! I should have gone there on Saturday.
6. A: Alright, Sara, we know that you are planning something big for John’s birthday. Could you tell us just what you have in your mind?
B: I want to make his birthday a very special event. John has a sister living in France. And I’ll send her a plane ticket, so that she can be here for his birthday.
A: Boy! What an excellent plan! That’s something special. I can’t guess some secret plans and we are waiting for the right time to tell him.
B: Well, I didn’t want to say anything until I was sure she could come. 7. A: Hey, Peter, I’m sorry! B: Hi, Diana, what’s wrong?
A: We were going to Hong Kong this weekend, but I’m afraid I can’t go. B: How come?
A: I have a really big geography test and I have to study for it. B: We can go next week instead. A: No, I don’t want to ruin your weekend. You go ahead and please take the book I bought to my friend Sally. Tell her I have to study all weekend, because I can’t afford to fail the test.
B: Ok, then I’ll go with them. But it’s a pity you can’t come. 8. A: Hello, this is Andrea.
B: Hello, Andrea, this is Alex. I have some very big news for you. Miranda was very satisfied with you and said she was very much looking forward to working with you. Isn’t that wonderful? Congratulations dear! How does it feel to be Miranda’s new assistant? How I imagine that you’ll just be delighted with this news. So let’s see, you can start on Monday, right? A: Umm, well, I don’t think I can start on Monday. I am visiting my father in Baltimore. And because I don’t live in New York, I’ll need a couple of days to find a flat and buy some furniture and move my things from Avon. B: Oh, well then, in that case I suppose Wednesday will be good. Ok, see you then!
9. Woman: Hello, Mr. Jan Erick Freedman. You’re a frequent traveler. And we also know that you eat out twice a day. How can you get so far and eating out.
Man: When I my first job back in 1982 and started travelling. I had no other choice but eat out I found that I felt different due to what I was eating, so I tried to find places that served food that made me feel good. The secret was the quality of the food and how well the food was prepared. I made an effort to find out good restaurants as well as nice dishes. Woman: How did you manage to make a list of 218 favorite restaurants? Man: I’ve lived in cities and when I moved back to Sweden from the United States, people asked me where to go and eat and went to the cities I know. I got a lot of ideas. Then I wrote about restaurants for a Swedish club magazine and some suggested I gather information about restaurants together since I had all the facts about the restaurants I’ve been to. I started to do that.
Woman: How do you find restaurants?
Man: The best way is to ask the people there. I may talk to the people at the street market or take a walk and look for place
for myself. I never asked hotel clerks or taxi drivers. I don’t go either restaurants or places with menus too difficult to understand. 10.
Man: At the beginning of the tour, we all started the most important place at my town which is the Plaza Leon. The Plaza Leon is more than 100 years old. It’s a gathering place for young people on Friday and Saturday nights, and for parents and children on Sunday afternoon. Four streets lead to the Plaza which have white sidewalks and tree lined. Hemandes Street which was named after writers born in the city contains all of the food stalls fish markets and vegetable stands. Femando Street which was named after a famous educator is where all of the government offices, shops and houses. Via del Mar Street which is the only street which has old stone surfaces. Finally we came to the Hewish’s Street on which there are two universities, one of which is the most famous university in my country. That’s why it’s my favorite street of all.
答案：1. ACACB 6. BBABA
11. BACAA 16. BCBCC
龙源期刊网 .cn
浅谈新课标高中英语听力教学
作者：张娜【高中英语新课标单词表听力mp3下载】
来源：《读与写·上旬刊》2014年第12期
中图分类号：G633.41 文献标识码：B 文章编号：1672-1578（2014）23-0195-02
听说读写四个方面的技能在语言学习中相辅相成，相得益彰。然而听力教学长期以来一直是英语教学中的一个薄弱环节。新课程标准理念下的英语听力教学的方针要求更高。高中英语课程的方针中七级是高中阶段必须到达的级别要求。八级、九级是为愿意进一步提高英语综合语言运用能力的高中学生实际的方针。七级听力方针（1）.能辨认语段中的重要信息。并进行简略的推断；（2）.能听懂操作性指令，并能按照要乞降指令完成任务；（3）.能听懂正常语速听力材料中对人和物的描写、情节发展及结果；（4）.能听懂有关熟悉话题的谈话并能抓住要端；（5）.能听懂熟悉话题的内部实质意义，辨认不同语气所表达的不同态度；（6）.能听懂一般场合的信息广播，例如：气候预报。不难看出，新课程标准对学生听力所要到达的方针有了全新、更高和更为具体的要求。而针对这些方针要求，高考听力的出题目方向将作一定的调整，越发注重对听力能力的考查。因此，如何通过有效的教学方法，摆脱传统教学模式的影响，迅速适应新课程标准要求，提高学生的英语听力水平呢？笔者认为。新课程理念下的高中英语听力教学：教师应在认真分析新课标英语教材的基础上，充分理解英语听力的意义及能力要求，帮助学生克服几个影响英语听力的障碍，提高英语听力理解能力。有效的训练和恰当的应试技巧点拨有事半功倍之效。具体操作如下。
1.加强词汇的积累，夯实听力的基础
词汇障碍是影响学生听力理解的原因之一。学生常常因为缺乏常用词汇或对英语常用词组、口语中习惯用语不熟悉，影响听力理解，这就好比练武要先蹲好马步一样。"马步"的两条腿就是"语音"和"词汇量"。一方面，如果长期读不准单词的发音，听音也肯定不会准确。有部分学生习惯于听"字字清晰"的英语，当说话者以正常语速和语调讲话时，他们的理解就会大打折扣，所以要强化语音基础知识。听力学习同其它内容一样，一定要从基础抓起，尤其是语音的矫正与辨别不容忽视。只有从基础的语音入手，逐步过渡到单词、短语、句子、对话和语篇，才能真正起到提高听力水平的作用。另一方面，有些学生词汇量达不到一定水平，如果生词多，学生就会听不懂。如果听的内容生词达到8个以上，就会对学生的听力产生很大影响。因此，一方面，教师要强调积累词汇的重要性，正确引导学生根据语音规则记忆单词；另一方面，教师要多层次、多角度补充一些文化背景知识及常用俚语、成语等，拓展学生的视野。
2.适当的进行听力技巧训练
2.1 注意精听与泛听的互相结合 。精听，是让学生不仅听懂整篇文章的意思，还要听懂每一个句子、每一个单词。一般情况下，精听要求学生多听几遍，或者将文章分成语段、语句来各个击破，或者是逐词逐句的听写练习，重点是对语句的理解。专心听懂十套题，比囫囵吞枣
学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。
为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：“不得法。” 英语与汉语一样都是一种语言，为什么你说汉语会如此流利？那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中，如果你在伦敦呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境，坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”，那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。
一、多“说”。
自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候，谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到生词时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。 或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇，句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。
如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象，对它谈你一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲伤等等，长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。
二、多“听”
寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时，你应该大胆地去参与，多听听各种各样人的发音，男女老少，节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到，如果这样的机会少的话，你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听，这将会对你帮助很大，而你去听学过的课文的磁带，那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。
三、多“读”。
“读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处，读的内容可以是你的课本，但最好是一些有趣的小读物，因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系，所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后，你必定会在高考中胜券在握。 另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。
四、多“写”
有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多，不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天学了某一个词组，你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法，又可以锻炼你的写作能力，比如学“wish”一词时，可写一小段如下：
The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different .I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.
只几句话：但wish的几种用法已跃然纸上，这样写下来印象会深刻得多，这样比死记硬背wish的用法也有趣轻松的多。
学习英语不用花大块的时间，10分钟的散步可以练"说",吃完饭后可以读一会儿英语小说，睡前听几分钟英语，可以使你得到更好地休息……只要你每天抽出一些时间来练英语，你的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的。
背英语单词技巧
1、循环记忆法
艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线
人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库，人脑经历过的事物，思考过的问题，体验过的情感和情绪，练习过的动作，都可以成为人们记忆的内容。例如英文的学习中单词、短语和句子，甚至文章的内容都是通过记忆完成的。从"记"到"忆"是有个过程的，这其中包括了识记、保持、再认和回忆。有很多 人在学习英语的过
程中，只注重了学习当时的记忆效果，孰不知，要想做好学习的记忆工作，是要下一番工夫的，单纯的注重当时的记忆效果，而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的。
在信息的处理上，记忆是对输入信息的编码、贮存和提取的过程，从信息处理的角度上，英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编码的过程。人的记忆的能力从生理上讲是十分惊人的，它可以存贮1015比特(byte，字节)的信息，可是每个人的记忆宝库被挖掘的只占10%，还有更多的记忆发挥空间。这是因为，有些人只关注了记忆的当时效果，却忽视了记忆中的更大的问题--即记忆的牢固度问题，那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的规律。
一、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释
德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(Hermann Ebbinghaus，1850-1909)，他在1885年发表了他的实验报告后，记忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领域之一，而艾宾浩斯正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。
根据我们所知道的，记忆的保持在时间上是不同的，有短时的记忆和长时的记忆两种。而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的：
输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后，便成为了人的短时的记忆，但是如果不经过及时的复习，这些记住过的东西就会遗忘，而经过了及时的复习，这些短时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时的记忆，从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。那么，对于我们来讲，怎样才叫做遗忘呢，所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东西不能再认起来，也不能回忆起来，或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆，这些都是遗忘。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己作为测试对象的，他得出了一些关于记忆的结论。他选用了一些根本没有意义的音节，也就是那些不能拼出单词来的众多字母的组合，比如asww，cfhhj，ijikmb，rfyjbc等等。他经过对自己的测试，得到了一些数据。
然后，艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线，这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘规律的曲线：艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线，图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量，横轴表示时间(天数)，曲线表示记忆量变化的规律。 这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的，遗忘的进程不是均衡的，不是固定的一天丢掉几个，转天又丢几个的，而是在记忆的最初阶段遗忘的速度很快，后来就逐渐减慢了，到了相当长的时候后，几乎就不再遗忘了，这就是遗忘的发展规律，即"先快后慢"的原则。观察这条遗忘曲线，你会发现,学得的知识在一天后，如不抓紧复习,就只剩下原来的25%)。随着时间的推移,遗忘的速度减慢，遗忘的数量也就减少。有人做过一个实验，两组学生学习一段课文，甲组在学习后不久进行一次复习，乙组不予复习，一天后甲组保持98%，乙组保持56%；一周后甲组保持83%，乙组保持33%。乙组的遗忘平均值比甲组高。
二、不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线
而且，艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验中发现，记住12个无意义音节，平均需要重复16.5次；为了记住36个无意义章节，需重复54次；而记忆六首诗中的480个音节，平均只需要重复8次！这个实验告诉我们，凡是理解了的知识，就能记得迅速、全面而牢固。不然，愣是死记硬背，那也是费力不讨好的。因此，比较容易记忆的是那些有意义的材料，而那些无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较费力气，在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松。因此，艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线是关于遗忘的一种曲线，而且是对无意义的音节而言，对于与其他材料的对比，艾宾浩斯又得出了不同性质材料的不同遗忘曲线，不过他们大体上都是一致的。
因此，艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理，学习要勤于复习，而且记忆的理解效果越好，遗忘的也越慢。
三、不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线--个性化的艾宾浩斯
上述的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线是艾宾浩斯在实验室中经过了大量测试后，产生了不同的记忆数据，从而生成的一种曲线，是一个具有共性的群体规律。此记忆曲线并不考虑接受试验个人的个性特点，而是寻求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律。
但是记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人，因为我们的生理特点、生活经历不同，可能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。规律对于自然人改造世界的行为，只能起一个催化的作用，如果与每个
人的记忆特点相吻合，那么就如顺水扬帆，一日千里；如果与个人记忆特点相悖，记忆效果则会大打折扣。因此，我们要根据每个人的不同特点，寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线
2》如何学英语
下定决心，坚持不懈
英语学习作为一门语言技能，通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。一般地说，英语学习的原则是听、说领先，读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡，首先建立起我能学好英语的信心，然后以句子为单位，大量地模仿，疯狂地操练，大声地朗读，最后达到自如地说英语，他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。钟道隆教授45岁开始学英语，一年后，学成出国当口语翻译，并创造了逆苦恼、逆急于求成、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。他还提出学习英语要遵循听、写、说、背、想的方法，他的方法强调以听为主，并且把所听到的内容全部写下来。尤其是他的学习精神最可佳，他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机，你可想象他听了多少英语；用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐，你可想象他写了多少，在一年半内，累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时，也就说每天抽出几个小时来学英语。如果我们做到他那样，一定也能学好英语。最重要的是坚持，只要能下定决心，坚持每天至少一个小时的学习英语，战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。
注意方法，循序渐进
决心下定，还注意学习方法，有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的，选择不同的学习方法，但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基础知识掌握好，也就是说，发音要正确、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要熟练、基本语法要会用。
（1）要过好语音关。把每一个音标发正确，注意改正有问题的音素，特别是那些容易混淆的音素，尽早地掌握国际音标，并尽量的掌握一些读音规则，尽快地能利用读音规则来拼单词，掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。
（2）掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关，学习单词要从单词的形、音、义这三方面去掌握，要注意单词的一词多义，一词多类的用法，要学会一些构词法的知识，来扩展词汇量。学习单词要在语言材料中去学，要结合词组，通过句子，阅读文章来活记单词，死记的单词是记不牢的。坚持在读、说前，先反复听，听的时候反应单词、句子的意思和节奏，想一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。
（3）掌握好基本语法。语法在学习英语中也很重要，它能帮助我们把握住英语的基本规律，通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住，活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握。总之学习英语要通过听、说、读、写、译来进行操练，不但要注意数量，更重要的是要注意质量，尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确，熟练。只有经过大量的实践，才能做到熟能生巧，运用自如。
提前预习，有的放矢
作为学生，在每次上课前，都要对要学的课文提前预习。首先在音标的帮助下试着拼读单词，也可以借助配套磁带反复听，对比一下，把握不准的要标出来，注意上课老师的发音，还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。借助课文的注释或辅导材料，预习一遍课文，找出不明白的地方，做到心中有数，在教师讲课时注意听这些地方。总之，预习的目的是熟悉要学的内容，找出不明白的地方，带着问题听课，做到有的放矢。
认真听课，积极配合
课堂是老师与学生一起学习、掌握、运用知识的主要场所。作为起主导作用的老师一方引导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的，但也需要学习者的积极配合。上课要专心听讲、作好笔记、认真操练、积极思考。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没有讲到的，要向老师提出，把问题搞清楚，老师讲授的问题，先注意听，下课后整理一下笔记，反复思考一下这些问题，抓住老师所讲的重点，难点和考点。总之，上课时要做到耳听、眼观、嘴动、脑想，调动起多个感官来。
完成作业，找出问题
学完每一课，要认真完成课后作业。做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案，做完后再对答案，对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题，应该记下来，等下次上课时提出来。做作业是英语学习的很重要的环节，
它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程，一定要认真完成规定的作业，笔头作业要动一动笔，口头作业要动一动嘴，提高听力要练一练耳，课文在听和读的基础上，最好背诵某些精彩段落。总之，要做大量的练习，英语是练出来的， 一定不要偷懒。
及时复习，巩固知识
学会了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘，但学语言有遗忘现象是正常的。更不必因为有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心。问题在于怎样来减轻遗忘的程度。善于类比，总结知识，把新学的知识同过去学的有关的知识进行横向和纵向比较和联系。建立错误档案记录，加深印象，以避免再反同样错误。我们大部分知识和技能是靠重复获得的，及时复习对于记忆非常必要，学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练，不断地重复基本句型，常用词汇和基本语法等。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。 总而言之，只要你能做到下定决心学，注意学习方法，把课前预习，认真听课，完成作业，及时复习这些环节作好了，你一定能够学好英语
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