2015年新课标全国卷2

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2015年新课标全国卷2篇一:2015年新课标全国卷2语文试题及答案

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

新课标卷2 语文

注意事项:

1.本试卷分第I卷(阅读题)和第Ⅱ卷(表达题)两部分,答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上

2.作答时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效

3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回

第I卷阅读题

甲 必考题

一、现代文阅读(9分,每小较3分)

阅读下面的文宇,完成1—3.

艺术品的接受在过去并不被看作是重要的美学问題,20世纪解释学兴起,一个名为“接受美学”的美学分支应运而生,于是研究艺术品的接受成为艺术美学中的显学。

过去,通常只是从艺术家的立场出发,将创作看作艺术家审美经验的结晶过程,作品完成就意味着创作完成。而从接受美学的角度来看,这一完成并不说明创作已经终结,它只说明创作的第一阶段告一段落,接下来是读者或现众、听众的再创作。由于未被阅读的作品的价值包括审美价值仅仅是一种可能的存在,只有通过阅读,它才转化为现实的存在,因此对作品的接受具有艺术本体的意义,也就是说,接受者也是艺术创作的主体之一。 艺术文本即作品对于接受者来说具有什么意义呢?接受美学的创始人、德国的伊瑟尔说艺术文本是一个“召唤结构”,因为文本有“空白”“空缺”

“否定”三个要素。所谓“空白”,是说它有一些东西没有表达出来,作者有意不写或不明写,要接受者用自己的生活经验与想象去补充;所谓“空缺”,是语言结构造成的各个图像间的空白,接受者在阅读文本时要把一个个句子表现的图像片断连接起来,整合成一个有机的图像系统;所谓“否定”指文本对接受者生活的现实具有否定的功能,它能引导接受者对现实进行反思和批判。由此可见,文本的召唤性需要接受者呼应和配合,完成艺术品的第二次创作。正如中国古典美学中的含蓄与简洁,其有限的文字常常引发出读者脑海中的丰富意象。

接受者作为主体,他对文本的接受不是被动的。海德格尔提出“前理解”,即理解前的心理文化结构,这种结构影响着理解。理解不可能是文本意义的重现,而只能走文本与“前理解”的统一。这样,文本与接受就呈现出一种相互作用的关系:一方面文本在相当度上规定了接受者理解的范围、方向,让理解朝它的本义靠拢;另一方面,文本不可能将接受者完全制约住、规范住,接受者必然会按照自己的方式去理解作品,于是不可避免地就会出现误读或创造。从某种意义上说,理解就是误读,创造也是试读,不要希望所有的接受者都持同样的理解。也不要希望所有的理解都与艺术家的本旨一致。那样并不意味着艺术作品的成功。

文本一经产生就成为历史,它所表达的思想感情、所反映的生活,都只能是过去的, 而理解总是现在进行时。当我们接受历史上的艺术作品时,我们当然可以设身处地想象古人的生活,体验古人的思想感情,但我们毕竟是现代人,只能按照我们现在的心理文化、结构去理解古人。当然,任何理解都只能是个体的理解,但个体毕竟是与群体相通的,所以个体的理解中也有

普遍性。理解作为现实的行为具有通向实践的品格。艺术品正是通过理解走向现实,并在生活中发挥作用的。不是别的,正是理解擦亮了艺术品的生命之光。(摘编自陈望衡《艺术是什么》)

1.下列关于原文内容的表述,不正确的一项是

A.在过去,艺术品的接受并不属于美学的研究范围,而当接受美学诞生以后,关于艺术品的接受的研究就成为艺术美学中的一门显学。

B.在接受美学诞生以前,人们一般的认识是:整个创作过程就是艺术家的审美经验不断结晶的过程,艺术品一旦形成,创作也就大功告成。

C.接受美学认为,艺术品在艺术家手中产生出来,这只是艺术创作的第一阶段,读者、观众、听众对艺术品的接受是艺术创作的继续。

D.通过读者、观众和听众的接受,艺术作品的价值才从一种可能的存在转化为现实的存在,从这个意义上说,接受也属于艺术创作的一部分。

【答案】A

2.下列理解和分析,不符合原文意思的一项是

A.文本之所以是一个“召唤结构”,一个原因就是它有一些内容有意不写或不明写, 需要接受者用自己的生活经验与想象去补充。

B.文本的“否定”要素具有对接受者所生活的现实加以否定的功能。这种功能是通过接受者接受文本并对现实进行反思和批判而实现的。

C.“前理解”是接受者在理解文本以前的心理文化结构,由于接受者对文本的接受不是被动的,所以这种结构会影响接受者对文本的理解。

D.作品被艺术家创作出来以后就成为历史,作品是通过接受者的理解而存活于现实,并发挥作用的。从这个意义上说,作品的生命力存在于理解之中。

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:“否定”是文本具有的要素,它能引导接受者对现实进行反思和批判。并未说要“这种功能是通过接受者接受文本并对现实进行反思和批判而实现的。”

3.根据原文内容,下列理解和分析不正确的一项是

A.中国古典美学中强调的含蓄和简洁可以说是艺术作品召唤性的体现,含蓄的美在于从有限中表现无限,简洁的美在于以少胜多,以简驭繁。

B.理解就是误读,创造也是误读,理解距离艺术作品的本义越远,就越是具有创造性,正如《西厢记》之于《莺莺传》、《金瓶梅》之于《水浒传》。

C.文本在一定程度上规定了接受者理解的范围和方向,所以即使我们今天阅读历史上的艺术作品,也可以在相当程度上了解古人的生活,体验古人的思想感情。

D.作为接受者的个体毕竟生活在群体之中,其思维和观念与群体是相通的,因此接受者们对于同一文本的理解即使千姿百态。也不可能完全没有同一性。

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:无中生有,原文并没有说“理解距离艺术作品的本义越远,就越是具有创造性”。

二、古代诗文阅读(36分)

(一)文言文阅读(19分)

阅读下面的文言文,完成4?7题

来护儿,千崇善,未识而孤.养于世母吴氏. 吴氏提携鞠养,甚有次讯,幼而卓荤,初读《诗》,舍书叹曰:“大丈夫在世,会为国灭贼已取功名!”群辈惊其言而壮其志。及长,雄略秀出,志气英远。会周师定淮南所住白土存底居疆场数见军旅护儿常概然有立功名之志及开皇初宇问忻等镇广陵平陈之役护儿有功焉进位上开府;赏物一千段,仁寿初,迁瀛洲刺史,以善政闻,频见劳勉。炀帝嗣位,被追如朝,百姓攀恋,累日不能出境,邑厥上书致请者,前后数百人,帝谓曰:“昔国步未康,卿为名将,今天下无事,又为良二千石,可谓兼美矣。”大业六年,车架幸江都,谓护儿曰:“衣锦昼游,古人所重,卿今是也。”乃赐物二千段,并牛酒,令葛先人墓,宴乡里父老,仍令三品已上并集其宅,酣饮尽日,朝野荣之。十二年,驾幸江都,护儿谏月:“陛下兴军旅,百姓易咨怨,车架游幸,深孔非宜,伏愿驻驾洛阳,与时休息,陛下今幸江都,是臣衣锦之地,臣荷恩慎重,不敢专为身谋。”帝闻之,厉色而起,数日不得见,后怒解,方备引入,谓曰:“公意乃尔,朕复何望!”护儿因不敢言,及宇文化及构逆,深忌之,是日旦将朝,见执。护儿曰:“陛下今何在?”左右曰:今被执矣。“护儿叹曰:“吾各位大臣,荷国重任,不能肃清凶逆,遂令王室至此,抱恨泉壤,知复何言!“乃遇害,护

2015年新课标全国卷2篇二:2015年新课标全国卷II英语试题与答案详解

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一卷(新课标卷II)试题及答案解析

英语

本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷

注意事项:

1. 答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。

第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)

做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15 B. £ 9.18 C. £ 9.15

答案是C。

1.What time is it now?

A. 9:10 B. 9:50 C. 10:00

2.What does the woman think of the weather?

A. It’s nice B. It’s warm C. It’s cold

3.What will the man do?

A. Attend a meeting B. Give a lecture C. Leave his office

4.What is the woman’s opinion about the course?

A. Too hard B. Worth taking C. Very easy

5. What does the woman want the man to do ?

A. Speak louder B. Apologize to her. C. Turn off the radio.

第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6. How long did Michael stay in China?

A. Five days. B. One week. C. Two weeks.

7. Where did Michael go last year?

A. Russia. B. Norway. C. India.

听第7段材料,回答第8、9题

8.What food does Sally like?

A. Chicken. B. Fish. C. Eggs.

9. What are the speakers going to do?

A. Cook dinner. B. Go shopping. C. Order dishes.

听第8段材料,回答第10至12题.

10. Where are the speakers?

A. In a hospital. B. In the office. C. At home.

11. When is the report due ?

A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Next Monday.

12. What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report?

A. Improve it. B. Hand it in later. C. Leave it with him.

听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

13.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Salesperson and customer. B. Homeowner and cleaner. C. Husband and wife.

14.What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer?

A. One with two bedrooms. B. One without furniture. C. One near a market.

15.How much rent should one pay for the one-bedroom apartment?

A.$350 B. $400 C. $415

16.Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see?

A. On Lake Street B. On Market C. On South Street.

听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。

17. What percentage of the world’s tea exports go to Britain?

A. Almost 15% B. About 30% C. Over 40%

18. Why do tea taster taste tea with milk?

A. Most British people drink tea that way. B. Tea tastes much better with milk.

C. Tea with milk is healthy.

19. Who suggests a price for each tea?

A. Tea tasters. B. Tea exporters. C. Tea companies.

20. What is the speaker talking about?

A. The life of tea tasters. B. Afternoon tea in Britain. C. The London Tea Trade Centre.

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn’t fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model, I realized this a day late, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid, The set worked so beautifully when I for the night, Fortunately, I didn’t got any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.

Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static (静电) noise. For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually, this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to another channel and then change it back. Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.

When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether .My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.

21. Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?

A. He got an older model than he had expected. B. He couldn’t return it when it was broken.

C. He could have bought it at a lower price. D. He failed to find any movie shows on it.

22. Which of the following can best replace the phrase―signed off‖in Paragraph 1?

A. ended all their programs B. provided fewer channels

C. changed to commercials D. showed all-night movies

23. How did the author finally get his TV set working again?

A. By shaking and hitting it. B. By turning it on and off.

C. By switching channels. D. By having it repaired.

24. How does the author sound when telling the story ?

A. Curious B. Anxious C. Cautious D. Humorous

B

Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of diet plan.

Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating , for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when they’re in poorly lit places-and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.

Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites . In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room . Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.

Don’t forget the clock-or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes, And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.

Downsize the dishes, Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one ,total intake(摄入)jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.

25. The text is especially helpful for those who care about _______.

A. their home comforts B. their body shape C. house buying

26. A home environment in blue can help people _______ .

A. digest food better B. reduce food intake C. burn more calories D. regain their appetites

27. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?

A. Eat quickly. B. Play fast music. C. Use smaller spoons. D. Turn down the lights.

28. What can be a suitable title for the test?

A. Is Your Hourse Making You Fat?

C

More student than ever before are taking a gap-year (间隔年)before going to university. It used to be called the ―year off‖ between school and university. The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.

This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by University and College Admissions Serbice(UCAS).

That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS B. Ways of Serving Dinner C. Effects of Self-Consciousness D. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing? D. healthy diets

said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. ―Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,‖ he said.

But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students(NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student had ship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. ―New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to £15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and More students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods,‖ he said.

29. What do we learn about the gap year from the text?

A. It is flexible in length. B. It is a time for relaxation.

C. It is increasingly popular. D. It is required by universities.

30. According to Tony Higgins, students taking a gap year______.

A. are better prepared for college studies B. know a lot more about their future jobs

C. are more likely to leave university in debt D. have a better chance to enter top universities

31. How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?

A. He's puzzled. B. He's worried. C. He's surprised. D. He's annoyed.

32. What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?

A. Attend additional courses. B. Make plans for the new term.

C. Earn money for their education. D. Prepare for their graduate studies.

D

Choose Your One-Day Tours

Tour A-Bath & Stonchenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge-£until 26 March and £39 thereafter.

Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costute Mtsan. Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.

Tour B-Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’s Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house一£32 until 12 March and £36 thereafter.

Oxford: Includes a guided of England’s oldest university city and colleges. Look over the ―city of dreaming spires(尖顶)‖form St Mary’s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.

Tour C—Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace--£34 until March and £37 thereafter.

Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry Mill’s favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫)where it is easy to get lost!

Tour D-Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great-£33 .until 18 March and £37 thereafter.

Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.

33.Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city?

A. Tour A B. Tour B C. Tour C D. Tour D

34.Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?

A. Windsor Castle & Hampton Court. B. Oxford & Stratford

C. Bath &Stonehenge. D. Cambridge.

35.Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?

A. It used to be the home of royal families. B. It used to be a well-known maze

C. It is the oldest palace in Britain D. It is a world-famous castle.

第二节(共5小题:每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs._____, buy the best-fiting, best-built running shoes you can find .No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit._____. As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries. During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.____,it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run._____. After two weeks, start timing yourself.______.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.

A. After six days

B. For a good marathon runner

C. Before you begin your training

D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile

E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them

F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time

第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)

第一节: 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

learning. But it may well be that the learning you somewhere else instead. I had Why daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did very well this season and their Sunday game, they They had begun integrate (融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they day before into played aggressively scored a goal.

would have gotten in school. But are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.

41. A. public

42. A. passes

43. A. dream

44. A. trip B. traditional B. works B. idea B. holiday C. official C. lies C. habit C. weekend D. special D. chance D. ends D. square

2015年新课标全国卷2篇三:2015年新课标高考全国卷2文综试题及答案

24.古代儒学者批评现实政治,往往称颂夏、商、周“三代之美”,甚至希望君主像尧、舜一样圣明。这表明了儒者( )

A. 不能适应现实政治 B. 反对进行社会变革

C. 理想化的政治诉求 D. 以复古为政治目标

【答案】:C

【解析】:儒学者寄希望于统治者效法先贤,目的就是为了营造自身的理想政治环境,这既是自身的渴望,又是时代的需求。

25.汉宣帝曾称:“与朕共治天下者,其唯良二千石(郡太守)乎!”后来的帝王反复重申上述观念,这主要体现了{ }

A.地方吏治是国家安定的重要因素 B.中央集权与地方分权之间的矛盾

C.汉代地方行政制度为后代所沿用 D.历代帝王将汉宣帝作为治国榜样

【答案】:

B

26.唐宋时期,江南经济迅猛发展,南宋时全国经济重心已移至江南。促成这一转变的主要动力之一是( )

A.坊市制度瓦解 B.土地集中加剧

C.农业技术进步 D.海外贸易拓展

【答案】:C

【解析】:经济发展的主要动力就是生产力。生产力的一个方面就是生产技术,因此产生经济重心南移的一个重要因素就是生产技术的发展。

27.明成祖朱棣认为,北京“山川形胜,足以控四夷,制天下”,将都城从南京迁至北京。这一举措客观上

A推动了国家政治统一的进程 B促进了跨区域贸易的繁荣 ( )

C抑制了区域性商帮的形成 D改变了南北经济文化格局

【答案】:B

【解析】:明成祖迁都北京使得国家的政治文化中心逐渐转移到北京,这使得经济发达的南方要为北方的政治中心提供援助,因此促进了南北的交流。

28.奕䜣力倡洋务,又因在兄弟中排行老六, 被称为“鬼子六”;洋务派官员丁汝昌被称为“丁鬼奴”;郭嵩焘在一片冷嘲热讽中出任第一任驻英公使。这反映了( )

A 洋务运动与传统的观念发生冲突 B崇洋媚外行为遭到社会鄙视

C 洋务派改器物不改制度遭到批判 D西方列强侵略激起国人抵制

【答案】:A

【解析】:从材料中可以看出当时人们对于亲近西洋文化的人都鄙视,说明传统观念的中国人对西方文明是鄙视的。这是产生这种现象的根本原因。

29. 康有为在新学伪经考中认为,被奉为儒家经典的古文经实系伪造。1891年该书刊印后风行国内,但很快遭到清政府禁毁。这主要是因为该书旨在( )

A 揭露历史真相 B引介西方理论

C 倡导变法维新 D 颠覆孔孟学说

【答案】:C

【解析】:康有为是维新变法的倡导者,《新学伪经考》主要是批评传统观念,倡导变法,对于统治阶级是一种致命的打击,因此才会被禁。

30.1938年,日本侵略者在北平设立“中国联合准备银行”,发行“联银券”,流通于平、津、鲁、豫等地;同时还发行了大量不具备货币性质的“军用票”,流通于市场,日本侵略者上述行径的目的是

A.扰乱国统区金融秩序 B.转嫁战争负担

C.封锁抗日根据地经济 D.强化物资管制

【答案】:

B

31. 到1952年底,新中国已建立多所俄文专科学校,北京大学、清华大学等多所高校和一批中学开设了俄文课程,许多中小城镇也掀起学习俄语的热潮。这是我国当时

A.外交政策转变的需要 B.计划经济体制的需要

C.文化教育改革的需要 D.国家发展战略的需要

【答案】:A

【解析】:本题最重要的是注意时间,时间明显给出的是新中国建立初期,因此学俄语就是为了外交服务,因此选择A选项。

32. 17世纪60年代,茶叶在英国只是上流社会的消费品;到18世纪末,茶叶已成为普通民众的日常消费品。这反映了当时的英国

A.等级观念明显淡化 B.崇尚东方的生活方式

C.贫富差距日益缩小 D.扩大了与东方的贸易

【答案】:D

【解析】茶叶的价格下降是资本主义世界市场的作用,是与东方贸易增多的结果;B反映不出实质;A选项材料体现不出;C选项不符史实。

33.表1 英、美、法、德工业生产总和在世界工业生产中的所占比例表

由表1可以推知,19世纪70年代到20世纪初

A.欧美发达国家已经开始盛极而衰 B.世界各地的工业化有所发展

C.世界各国工业发展差距明显缩小 D.世界经济结构发生重大变化

【答案】:

B

34.1930年苏联粮食产量为835.4亿千克,1931年降至694.8亿千克;1930年苏联粮食出口483亿千克,1931年增至518亿千克。这表明苏联

A.人民为国家工业化建设作出贡献 B.农业投入不足造成粮食供不应求

C.粮食减产严重制约工业发展速度 D.农业集体化影响农民生产积极性

【答案】:B

【解析】:材料没有提到人民对工业的贡献,A不选;没有农业对工业的影响,C不选;D选项只考虑了粮食减少,没有考虑出口增多。

35.如果以“两格格局的确立与解体”为题撰写专著,贯穿全书的主线应该是美苏两国

A.根本利益的趋同 B.军事冲突的加剧

C.国家实力的消长 D.敌对意识的淡化

【答案】:A

【解析】:主线应该是美苏两极格局产生最根本的原因。美苏两方势力此消彼涨,最根本的就是利益关系的变化。没有永远的朋友和敌人,只有永恒的利益。

40.(25分)阅读材料,完成下列要求。

材料一

《孟子》中记载了孟子与其学生关于法律问题的讨论。学生问:“舜做天子后,假如其父杀人,舜的法官该怎么办呢?”孟子回答:“抓起来就行了。”学生又问:“难道舜不阻止法官吗?”孟子说:“舜怎么能阻止呢?法官是按职责办事。”学生问:“那舜又该怎么办呢?”孟子说:“舜应当放弃天子之位,毫不顾惜。然后偷偷也背上父亲逃到海边住下,一辈子都很快乐,把曾经做过天子的事情忘掉。”

——据《孟子》

材料二

公元前399年,苏格拉底被雅典陪审法庭以亵渎神明与蛊惑青年的罪名判处死刑。他与他的弟子们都认为判决不公。当弟子们安排苏格拉底逃走时,他却认为,虽然逃走是一种正义,但审判过程符合雅典法律程序,遵守合法的判决也是正义的要求,而且是更大的正义,因为如果拒服从判决,就等于践踏法律,倘若人人都以自己认为的正义为借口而任意践踏法律,社会秩序将混乱不堪,城邦将无法存在。最终他选择在弟子面前饮下毒药,从容赴死。

——摘编自(古希腊)柏拉图《苏格拉底的申辩》

(1)结合材料及所学知识,概括孟子和苏拉拉底的法制观念。(10分)

(2)根据材料并结合所学知识,指出两种法制观念产生的社会背景及其共同的历史价值。(15分)

【答案】:(1)孟子:依法办事是根据身份来决定的,天子没有权阻止法官执行法律,但是可以以儿子的身份违背法律,放弃天子的身份。苏格拉底:法律是正义的,是维护统治和社会的规律,一切要以法律为准绳,即便法律有欠缺。

(2)孟子:经济上,封建土地所有制逐渐确立;政治上,战国时期社会动荡不安,诸侯混战;文化上百家争鸣兴起,作为儒家学派的代表人,主张仁爱和礼义。

苏格拉底:处于雅典民主政治的顶峰时期,城邦体制下的雅典民主形式是直接民主,弊端逐渐显露出来。

价值:对于社会的稳定与发展做出了重要的贡献,思想影响了后世。

【解析】:(1)孟子的主张体现传统的中国式思想,礼义廉耻都很重要,因此在不能违背法

律的同时要注意仁义,因此才会有放弃天子地位来救父亲的行为。苏格拉底的思想主要是源于民主政治的法治理念,因此不会违背应有的“大义”

(2)本题主要回答需要从政治、经济和文化角度来回答背景。对于他们的价值,主要是针对当时的社会价值和对后世的价值来谈。

41.(12分)阅读材料,完成下列要求。

表二能够反映我国节假日变化的多种趋势,指出其中一种变化趋势并说明形成的历史原因。

【答案】:一:节日逐渐趋向于对传统节日的几年与传统文化的传承。原因:文化继承的重要性;他国的影响。二:节假日逐渐变多。原因:人权的逐渐完善,民主制度的发展

45.(15分)历史上重大改革回眸

材料

清代前期,正一品丈官年薪俸银180两,正七品知县45两,正九品官员33两,这些银两除养家糊口外,还要支付随从、幕僚的酬金及办公费用,普通人入不敷出。各级官员在征收田赋等税收时,以各种名义额外加征。这些水外之税,小部分作为各级衙门的办公经费,大部分被各级官员据为己有。“大州上县,每正赋一两”额外加征“银一钱五分,二钱不等”;部分轴线“数倍于正赋”,以致引发民变。雍正帝认为,与其暗取而多征,不若明定其数;与其营私而中饱,不若责其办公。他决定改革,明确规定加征的税额,统一管理,用于发放以

2015年新课标全国卷2篇四:2015年高考新课标全国卷II 2(二)英语试题及答案解析(WORD版)

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一卷

英语

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷

注意事项:

1. 答第Ⅰ卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。

第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)

做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15 B. £9.18 C. £9.15

答案是C。

1.What time is it now?

A. 9:10 B. 9:50 C. 10:00

2.What does the woman think of the weather?

A. It’s nice B. It’s warm C. It’s cold

3.What will the man do?

A. Attend a meeting B. Give a lecture C. Leave his office

4.What is the woman’s opinion about the course?

A. Too hard B. Worth taking C. Very easy

5. What does the woman want the man to do ?

A. Speak louder B. Apologize to her. C. Turn off the radio.

第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6. How long did Michael stay in China?

A. Five days. B. One week. C.Two weeks.

7. Where did Michael go last year?

A. Russia. B. Norway. C. India.

听第7段材料,回答第8、9题

8.Whet food does Sally like?

A.Chicken. B.Fish. C.Eggs.

9.What are the speakers going to do?

A.Cook dinner. B.Go shopping. C.Order dishes.

听第8段材料,回答第10至12题.

10.Where are the speakers?

A.In a hospital. B.In the office. C.At home.

11.When is the report due ?

A.Thursday. B.Friday. C.Next Monday.

12.What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report?

A.Improve it.

B.Hand it in later.

C.Leave it with him.

听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

13.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A.Salesperson and customer.

B.Homeowner and cleaner.

C.Husband and wife.

14.What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer?

A.One with two bedrooms.

B.One without furniture.

C.One near a market.

15.How much rent should one pay for the one-bedroom apartment?

A.$350 B. $400 C. $415

16.Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see?

A.On Lake Street B.On Market C.On South Street.

听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。

17.What percentage of the world’s tea exports go to Britain?

A.Almost 15% B.About 30% C.Over 40%

18.Why do tea taster taste tea with milk?

A.Most British people drink tea that way.

B.Tea tastes much better with milk.

C.Tea with milk is healthy.

19.Who suggests a price for each tea?

A.Tea tasters.

B.Tea exporters.

C.Tea companies.

20.What is the speaker talking about?

A.The life of tea tasters.

B.Afternoon tea in Britain.

C.The London Tea Trade Centre.

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My color television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn’t fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model,I realized this a day late,when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid,The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night,Fortunately, I didn’t got any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.

Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static (静电) noise. For some reason,when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually,this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it,I had to change to another channel and then change it back.Sometimes this technique would not work,and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.

When neither of these methods removed the static noise ,I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away.At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist,and it stopped working altogether .My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now,but I keep expecting more trouble.

21.Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?

A.He got an older model than he had expected.

B.He couldn’t return it when it was broken.

C.He could have bought it at a lower price.

D.He failed to find any movie shows on it.

22.Which of the following can best replace the phrase”signed off”in Paragraph 1?

A.ended all their programs

B.provided fewer channels

C.changed to commercials

D.showed all-night movies

23.How did the author finally get his TV set working again?

A. By shaking and hitting it.

B. By turning it on and off.

C. By switching channels.

D. By having it repaired.

24. How does the anthor sound when telling the story ?

A. Curious

B. Anxious

C. Cautious

D. Humorous

B

Your house may have an effect on your figure . Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off . You can make your environment work for you instead of against you . Here are some ways to turn your home into part of diet plan.

Open the curtains and turn up the lights . Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating , for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when they’re in poorly lit places-and so more likely to eat lots of food . If your home doesn’t have enough window light , get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.

Mind the colors . Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites . In one study , people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room . Warm colors like yellow make tood appear more appetizing , while cold colors make us feel less hungry . So when it’s time to repaint , go blue. Don’t forget the clock-or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes, And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down , turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal. Downsize the dishs, Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one ,total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.

25.The text is especially helpful for those who care about_______.

A. their home comforts

B. their body shape

C. house buying

D. healthy diets

26.A home environment in blue can help people_________.

A.digest food better

B.reduce food intake

C.burn more calories

D.regain their appetites

27.What are people advised to do at mealtimes?

A.Eat quickly.

B.Play fast music.

C.Use smaller spoons.

D.Turn down the lights.

28.What can be a suitable title for the test?

A.Is Your Hourse Making You Fat?

B.Ways of Serving Dinner

C.Effects of Self-Consciousness

D.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?

C

More student than ever before are taking a gap-year (间隔年)before going to university.It used to be called the “year off” between school and

university.The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.

This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by University and College Admissions Serbice(UCAS).

That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,” he said.

But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students(NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student had ship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to £15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and More students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over

2015年新课标全国卷2篇五:2015年高考理科数学新课标全国Ⅱ卷试题及答案

2015高考理科数学新课标全国Ⅱ卷

一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要

求的。

(1) 已知集合A={-2,-1,0,2},B={x|(X-1)(x+2)<0},则A∩B=

(A){--1,0} (B){0,1} (C){-1,0,1} (D){,0,,1,2}

(2)若a为实数且(2+ai)(a-2i)=-4i,则a=

(A)-1 (B)0 (C)1 (D)2

(3)根据下面给出的2004年至2013年我国二氧化硫排放量(单位:万吨)柱形图。以下结论不正确的是

(A) 逐年比较,2008年减少二氧化硫排放量的效果最显著 (B) 2007年我国治理二氧化硫排放显现

(C) 2006年以来我国二氧化硫年排放量呈减少趋势 (D) 2006年以来我国二氧化硫年排放量与年份正相关 (4)等比数列{an}满足a1=3,a1+ a3+ a5=21,则a3+ a5+ a7 =

(A)21 (B)42 (C)63 (D)

84

(6)一个正方体被一个平面截去一部分后,剩余部分的三视图如右图, (7)则截去部分体积与剩余部分体积的与剩余部分体积的比值为

(A)

1111

(B) (C) (D) 8765

(7)过三点A(1,3),B(4,2),C(1,7)的圆交于y轴于M、N两点,则MN=

(A)26 (B)8 (C)46 (D)10

(8)右边程序抗土的算法思路源于我国古代数学名著《九章算术》中的“更相减损术”。执行该程序框图,若输入a,b分别为14,18,则输出的

a=

A.0 B.2 C.4 D.14

(9)已知A,B是球O的球面上两点,∠AOB=90,C为该球面上的动点,若三棱锥O-ABC体积的最大值为36,则球O的表面积为

A.36π B.64π C.144π D.256π

10.如图,长方形ABCD的边AB=2,BC=1,O是AB的中点,点P沿着边BC,CD与DA运动,∠BOP=x。将动点P到AB两点距离之和表示为x的函数f(x),则f(x)的图像大致为

(11)已知A,B为双曲线E的左,右顶点,点M在E上, ∆ABM为等腰三角形,且顶角为120°,则E的离心率为 (A)√5 (B)2 (C)√3 (D)√2

二、填空题

三.解答题

(18)某公司为了解用户对其产品的满意度,从A,B两地区分别随机调查了20个用户,得到用户对产品的满意度评分如下:

A地区:62 73 81 92 95 85 74 64 53 76 78 86 95 66 97 78 88 82 76 89

B地区:73 83 62 51 91 46 53 73 64 82 93 48 65 81 74 56 54 76 65 79 (Ⅰ)根据两组数据完成两地区用户满意度评分的茎叶图,并通过茎叶图比较两地区满意度评分的平均值及分散程度(不要求计算出具体值,得出结论即可);

(Ⅱ)根据用户满意度评分,将用户的满意度从低到高分为三个不等级:

记时间C:互独立。根据所给数据,以事件发生的频率作为相应事件发生的概率,求C的概率 19.(12分)

如图,长方体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中AB=16,BC=10,AA1=8,点E,F分别在A1B1,D1C1上,A1E=D1F。过带你E,F的平面a与此长方体的面相交,交线围成一个正方形

(Ⅰ)在图中画出这个正方形(不必说出画法和理由) (Ⅱ)求直线AF与平面a所成角的正弦值

20. 已知椭圆C:错误!未找到引用源。,直线l不过原点O且不平行于坐标轴,l与C有两个交点A,B,线段AB的中点为M.

(Ⅰ)证明:直线OM的斜率与l的斜率的乘积为定值;

(Ⅱ)若l过点(错误!未找到引用源。),延长线段OM与C交于点P,四边形OAPB能否平行四边行?若能,求此时l的斜率,若不能,说明理由. 21.设函数f(x)=emx+x2-mx.

(Ⅰ)证明:f(x)在(-∞,0)单调递减,在(0,+∞)单调递增; (Ⅱ)若对于任意x 1, x2∈[-1,1],都有|f(x1)- f(x2)|≤e-1,求m的取值范围

请考生在22、23、24题中任选一题作答,如果多做,则按所做的第一题计分,作答时请写清题号。 (22) (本小题满分10分)选修4—1:几何证明选讲

如图,O为等腰三角形ABC内一点,圆O与ABC的底边BC交于M、N两点与底边上的高AD交于点G,且与AB、AC分别相切于E、F两点. (1)证明:EF平行于BC

(2)(2)若AG等于圆O的半径,且AE=MN=,求四边形EBCF的面积。 (23)(本小题满分10分)选修4-4:坐标系与参数方程

2015年新课标全国卷2篇六:2015年高考全国新课标二卷英语试题及答案

绝密★启用前:2015年6月8日15:00

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一卷 英语

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷

注意事项:

1. 答第Ⅰ卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。

第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

My color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn’t fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day late, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunately, I didn’t got any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.

Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static (静电) noise. For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually,this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to another channel and then change it back. Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.

When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.

1. Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?

A. He got an older model than he had expected.

B. He couldn’t return it when it was broken.

C. He could have bought it at a lower price.

D. He failed to find any movie shows on it.

2.Which of the following can best replace the phrase”signed off”in Paragraph 1?

A. ended all their programs

B. provided fewer channels

C. changed to commercials

D. showed all-night movies

3. How did the author finally get his TV set working again?

A. By shaking and hitting it.

B. By turning it on and off.

C. By switching channels.

D. By having it repaired.

4. How does the another sound when telling the story ?

A. Curious B. Anxious C. Cautious D. Humorous

B

Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of diet plan.

Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when they’re in poorly lit places-and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.

Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.

Don’t forget the clock-or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes, And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.

Downsize the dishes, Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one ,total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.

5. The text is especially helpful for those who care about_______.

A. their home comforts

B. their body shape

C. house buying

D. healthy diets

6. A home environment in blue can help people_________.

A. digest food better

B. reduce food intake

C. burn more calories

D. regain their appetites

7. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?

A. Eat quickly.

B. Play fast music.

C. Use smaller spoons.

D. Turn down the lights.

8. What can be a suitable title for the test?

A. Is Your House Making You Fat?

B. Ways of Serving Dinner

C. Effects of Self-Consciousness

D. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?

C

More student than ever before are taking a gap-year (间隔年)before going to university. It used to be called the “year off” between school and university. The gap-year phenomenon originated (起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.

This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by University and College Admissions Service(UCAS).

That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,” he said.

But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students(NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student had ship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to £15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods,” he said.

9. What do we learn about the gap year from the text?

A. It is flexible in length.

B. It is a time for relaxation.

C. It is increasingly popular.

D. It is required by universities.

10. According to Tony Higgins,students taking a gap year______.

A. arc better prepared for college studies

B. know a lot more about their future jobs

C. are more likely to leave university in debt

D. have a better chance to enter top universities

11. How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?

A. He's puzzled.

B. He's worried.

C. He's surprised.

D. He's annoyed.

12. What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?

A. Attend additional courses.

B. Make plans for the new term.

C. Earn money for their education.

D. Prepare for their graduate studies.

D

Choose Your One-Day Tours

Tour A—Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge —£until 26 March and £39 thereafter.

Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume

Museum. Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.

Tour B—Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’s Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house一32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter.

Oxford: Includes a guided of England’s oldest university city and colleges. Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖顶)”form St Mary’s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.

Tour C—Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace— £34 until March and £37 thereafter.

Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry Mill’s favorite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫)where it is easy to get lost!

Tour D — Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great —

£33 until 18 March and £37 thereafter.

Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.

13. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city?

A. Tour A B. Tour B C. Tour C D. Tour D

14. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?

A. Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.

B. Oxford & Stratford

C. Bath &Stonehenge.

D. Cambridge.

15. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?

A. It used to be the home of royal families.

B. It used to be a well-known maze

C. It is the oldest palace in Britain

D. It is a world-famous castle.

第二节(共5小题:每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. ___16___, buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. ___17___. As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.

During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. ___18___, it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. ___19___. After two weeks, start timing yourself. ___20___. Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.

A. After six days

B. For a good marathon runner

C. Before you begin your training

D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile

E. If they still feel good,you can begin running in them

F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time

第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Where do you go when you want to learn something? A friend? A tutor? These are all ___21___ aces of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really ___22___ want somewhere else instead. I had the ___23___ of seeing this first hand on a ___24___

Why daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did very well this season and so ___25___ a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some ___26___ experiences on Saturday as they played against teams ___27___ trained. Through the first two games, her ___28___did not get on serious shot on goal. As apparent, I ___29___seeing my daughter playing her best, ___30___ still defeated.

IT seemed that something clicked with the ___31___ between Saturday and Sunday. When they ___32__for their Sunday game, they were ___33___ different. They had begun integrate (融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had ___34___ the day before into their ___35___.They played aggressively and ___36___ scored a goal.

It ___37___ me that playing against the other team was a great ___38___ moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. ___39___ is the best teacher. The lessons they may not be ___40___ what they would have gotten in school. But are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.

21. A. public B. traditional C. official D. special

22. A. passes B.works C. lies D. ends

23. A. dream B. idea C. habit D. chance

24. A. trip B. holiday C. weekend D. square

25. A.won B. entered C. organized D. watched

26. A. painful B. strange C. common D. practical

27. A. less B. poorly C. newly D. better

28. A.fans B.tutors C. class D. team

29. A. imagined

30. A. if

31. A. girls

32. A. dressed

33. A. slightly

34. A. seen

35. A. styles

36. A. even

37. A. confused

38. A. touching

B. hated C. avoided D. missed B. or C. but D. as B. parents C. coaches D. viewers B. showed up C. made up D. planned B. hardly C. basically D. completely B. known C. heard D. read B. training C. game D. rules B. still C. seldom D. again B. struck C. reminded D. warned B. thinking C. encouraging D. learning

2015年新课标全国卷2篇七:2015年全国新课标2卷文综真题及答案

2015普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标II)

文科综合

注意事项:

1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。答题前,考生务必在将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。写在试卷上无效。

3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案卸载答题卡上,写在试卷上无效。

4. 考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷

本卷共35小题。每小题4分,共140分。在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

桑基、蔗基、菜基鱼塘是珠江三角洲地区传统的农业景观和被联全国推介的典型生态循环农业模式。改革开放以来,随着工业化和城镇化的快速发展,传统的基墉农业用地大部分变为建设用地。保留下来的基塘也变以花卉、菜基为主。据此完成1-3题

1、该地基塘转就以为建设用地对局地气候的影响是

A、大气湿度增高 B、大气降水增多

C、近地面风速增大 D、气温变率增大

2、农民用花基、菜基鱼塘取代桑基、蔗基的直接目的是

A、提高土壤质量 B、节省劳动力

C、促进生态循环 D、提高经济收入

3、桑基、蔗基鱼塘被保留的很少,反映了该生态循环农业模式

A、与当地产业发展方向不一致

B、不具有在其他地区推广的价值

C、与现代农业发展要求不相符

D、不适应当地水热条件的变化

2013且7月30日,我国西北某地出出沙尘暴,图Ⅰ示意该地当日14时-24时气温、气压随时间的变化、据些完成4-5题。

4、强沙尘暴经过该地时间段是

A.16时-17时 B .17时-18时

C.18时-19时 D. 19时-20时

5、与正常情况相比,强沙尘暴经过时,该地

A.气温水平差异减小 B 水平气压梯度增大

C.地面吸收太阳辐射增多 D 大气逆辐射减弱

1996年我国与M国签订海洋渔业发展合作规划,至2010年我国有20多家沿海渔业企业(总部设在国内)在M国从事渔业捕捞和渔业产品加工工,产品除满足M国需求外,还远销其他国家,图2示意M国的位臵,把此完成6-8

6、中资企业在M国从事渔业捕捞

和渔业产品加工的主要目的是

A、满足我国需求 B、拓展国际市场

C、提高技术水平 D、增加当地就业

7、如考虑运输成本,在下列国家中,M国中资企业的产品首先应销往:

A. 美国 B.日本 C.澳大利亚 D.法国

8、如果都以当地时间8:00-12:00和14:00-18:00作为工作时间,在M国的中资企业若在双方工作时间内向其总部汇报业务,应选在当时时间的

A、8:00—9:00 B 、11:00—12:00

C 、14:00—15:00 D、17:00—18:00

圣劳伦斯河(图3a)是一条著名的“冰冻之河”。图3b示意蒙特利尔年内各月气温和降水量。据此完成9—11

题。

9、蒙特利尔失控河段结冰期大致为:

A、2个月 B、3个月 C、4个月 D、5个月

10、据图示信息推测,冬季可能不结冰的河段位于

A、安大略湖至普雷斯科特河段

B、普雷斯科特至康沃尔河段

C、蒙特利尔至魁北克河段

D、魁北克以下河口段

11、减少该河凌汛危害的可行措施是:①加深河道 ②绿化河堤 ③分段拦冰 ④拓宽河道

A、①② B、②③ C、③④ D、①④

12.老吴在年底对年初购买的投资产品进行了梳理:50元买入甲公司的股票已按54元卖出;一公司股票价格扔为20元,按照每股1.2元进行了现金分红;丙公司股票价格也没变,按照每20股送一股进行了股票分红;某银行理财产品的年收益率为6%。上述投资产品中年收益率最高的是

A.甲公司股票 B.乙公司股票 C.丙公司的股票 D.银行理财产品

13.2014年8月,某市政府清理出涉企权力5157项,废止了其中3301项,对停留的涉企权力向社会全部公开,并表示严肃查处涉企审批、收费中的违法违纪问题,这一做法的预期效果是

①政府对企业的监督与管理更有效率

②“看得见的手”受到有力的制约

③市场机制能更好的发挥资源配置的作用

④企业的市场竞争力得到增强

A.①② B.①③ C.② ③ D.③④

14.2015年5月,我国存款保险制度正式实施。按照存款保险制度规定,成员银行缴纳保费形成保险基金,当成员银行破产清算时,使用银行保险基金按规定对存款人惊醒偿付。这一制度对英航发展的积极意义在于

①防范金融风险,稳定金融秩序

②增强银行信用,推动银行公平竞争

③促进利率市场化,增加银行收益

④降低银行经营风险,提高其竞争力

A.①② B.①③ C.② ④ D.③④

15,.在我国,煤炭是电力生产的主要原料。煤炭价格从2011年约850元/吨大幅度下降到2014年底约500元/吨,有人据此建议下降电力价格。能支持其建议的恰当理由是 电力产能你过生,出现供过于求的情况

店里是生活必需品,低价有利于社会稳定

电力价格与其生产成本的变化方向应当一致

电力与煤炭是互补品,而这价格变化方向应当一致

16 从2013年开始,某是在社区推动基层党组织和自治组织代表、社区居民代表、相关社会组织代表等组成民情理事会。民情理事会通过协商讨论,促进诸如广场舞扰民、小区乱停车等难题的解决,得益于民情理事会

①提供管了有效的利益协商渠道

②完善了基层民主自治的组织形式

③发挥了多方主体参与社区治理的作用

④明确了社区居民参加基层民主协商的义务

A.①③ B.① ④ C.②③ D. ②④

17、为推进司法体制改革,2014年12月,上海市第三中级人民法院、上海市人民检察院第三分院正是成立,负责管辖审理跨行政区划的民商事、行政和资源诉讼案件。建立跨行政区划的人民法院和人民检察院旨在

①健全司法机关内部监督制约机制

②排除地方对司法活动的干扰

③提升司法公信力

④推动审判权和执行权相分离

A ①③ B①④ C②③ D②④

18、近年来,西藏自治区划拨专项经费,大力改善寺庙基础设施和公共服务条件。截止2014年9月,全区1787座寺庙实现了国旗、报纸、文化书屋和广播电视全覆盖,1735座寺庙通了路,1730座寺庙通了电,1662座寺庙通了水,1736座寺庙实现了通信覆盖。上述做法 ①表明我国宗教坚持独立自主自办原则

②保障了公民宗教信仰的权利

③为发挥宗教的积极因素提供了有利条件

④有利于政府依法对宗教事务进行管理

A ①② B①④ C②③ D③④

19.2014年10月,习近平书记在文艺工作座谈会上指出,艺术可以放飞想象的翅膀,但是一定要脚踩坚实的大地。文艺创作方法有一百条、一千条,但最根本、最关键、最牢靠的办法是扎根人民、扎根生活。从唯物史观看,这是因为

①文艺的源泉是人民群众的生产生活

②文艺的发展取决于文艺创作方法的创新

③文艺反映社会生活的形式与风格是统一的

④文艺反映并服务于人民群众生产生活的一种社会意识形式

A①② B①④ C②③ D③④

20.2015年1月,有韩国某电视台拍摄、韩国导演执导的全景式反映当代中国发展成就的纪录片《超越中国》在韩国热播,引起热烈反响。创韩国同类电视纪录片收视率的新高。《超越中国》在韩国热播

①推动中韩两国文化交流上了一个新台阶

②显示当代中国文化得到韩国民众的广泛认同

③反应中国的经济实力与国际影响力日益扩大

④表明当代中国的发展越来越引起韩国民众的关注

A①② B①③ C②④ D③④

21.2014年12月召开的中央经济工作会议分析了我国经济九个方面的趋势性变化,提出我国经济正在向形态更高级、分工更复杂、结构更合理的阶段演化,经济发展进入新常态。从辩证法的观点看,“经济发展进入新常态”意味着

①我国经济发展方式正在发生质的变化

②我国经济发展呈现出新的阶段性特征

③制约我国经济平稳健康发展的矛盾和问题已经解决

④推动我国解决平稳健康发展的新的体制机制已经形成

A ①② B ①④ C ②③ D ③④

22.“若言琴上有琴声,放在匣中何不鸣?若言声在指头上,何不于君指上听?”从辩证唯物主义的观点看,对苏轼的《琴韵》理解正确的是

①琴声是人的活动的产物,具有鲜明的“人化”特点

②琴声来自于琴与指之间的相互作用,与人的主观世界无关

③琴、指、琴声以及三者之间的联系都具有客观实在性

④只要指与琴发生相互作用,就能产生美妙的音乐

A ①② B①③ C ②④ D ③④

23.长期以来,画家笔下的马往往是四蹄齐伸、腾空飞奔。然而,高速相机连拍的照片显示,飞奔时的马蹄是交替地移动的。但是,当画家画出马蹄交替移动的奔马时,有人却批评画得不像。这表明在艺术领域

A.认识的发展与认识工具的进步没有直接关系

B.以往的认识经验阻碍认识的发展

C.仁者见仁、智者见智,没有客观的评价标准

D.人们的主观世界对认识的影响更加显著

24.古代儒学者批评现实政治,往往称颂夏、商、周“三代之美”,甚至希望君主像尧、舜一样圣明。这表明了儒者( )

A.不能适应现实政治 B.反对进行社会变革

C.理想化的政治诉求 D.以复古为政治目标

25.汉宣帝曾称:“与朕共治天下者,其唯良二千石(郡太守)乎!”后来的帝王反复重申上述观念,这主要体现了{ }

A.地方吏治是国家安定的重要因素 B.中央集权与地方分权之间的矛盾

C.汉代地方行政制度为后代所沿用 D.历代帝王将汉宣帝作为治国榜样

26.唐宋时期,江南经济迅猛发展,南宋时全国经济重心已移至江南。促成这一转变的主要动力之一是( )

A.坊市制度瓦解 B.土地集中加剧

C.农业技术进步 D.海外贸易拓展

27.明成祖朱棣认为,北京“山川形胜,足以控四夷,制天下”,将都城从南京迁至北京。这一举措客观上

A推动了国家政治统一的进程 B促进了跨区域贸易的繁荣( )

C抑制了区域性商帮的形成 D改变了南北经济文化格局

28.奕䜣力倡洋务,又因在兄弟中排行老六,被称为“鬼子六”;洋务派官员丁汝昌被称为“丁鬼奴”;郭嵩焘在一片冷嘲热讽中出任第一任驻英公使。这反映了

( )

A 洋务运动与传统的观念发生冲突 B崇洋媚外行为遭到社会鄙视

C 洋务派改器物不改制度遭到批判 D西方列强侵略激起国人抵制

30.1938年,日本侵略者在北平设立“中国联合准备银行”,发行“联银券”,流通于平、津、鲁、豫等地;同时还发行了大量不具备货币性质的“军用票”,流通于市场,日本侵略者上述行径的目的是

A.扰乱国统区金融秩序 B.转嫁战争负担

C.封锁抗日根据地经济 D.强化物资管制

31.到1952年底,新中国已建立多所俄文专科学校,北京大学、清华大学等多所高校和一批中学开设了俄文课程,许多中小城镇也掀起学习俄语的热潮。这是我国当时

A.外交政策转变的需要 B.计划经济体制的需要

C.文化教育改革的需要 D.国家发展战略的需要

29. 康有为在新学伪经考中认为,被奉为儒家经典的古文经实系伪造。1891年该书刊印后风行国内,但很快遭到清政府禁毁。这主要是因为该书旨在( )

A 揭露历史真相 B引介西方理论

C 倡导变法维新 D 颠覆孔孟学说

2015年新课标全国卷2篇八:2015年高考新课标全国二卷数学理科及答案(word版)

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

理科数学

注意事项:

1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。

3.回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

4.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷

一、 选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

(1)已知集合A2,101,,,2,Bx|(x1)(x2)0,则AB

(A){-1,0} (B){0,1} (C){-1,0,1} (D){0,1,2}

(2)若a为实数,且(2+ai)(a-2i)=-4i,则a=

(A)-1 (B)0 (C)1 (D)2

(3)根据下面给出的2004年至2013年我国二氧化硫年排放量(单位:万吨)柱形图,以下结论中不正确的是

(A)逐年比较,2008年减少二氧化硫排放量的效果最显著

(B)2007年我国治理二氧化硫排放量显现成效

(C)2006年以来我国二氧化硫排放量呈减少趋势

(D)2006年以来我国二氧化硫年排放量与年份正相关

(4)已知等比数列an满足a13,a1a2a321,则a3a5a7

(A)21 (B)42 (C)63 (D)84

1log2(2x),x1,(5)设函数f(x)x1则f(2)f(log212) 2,x1

(A)3 (B)6 (C)9 (D)12

(6)一个正方体被一个平面截去一部分之后,剩余部分的三视图如右图,则截去部分体积与剩余部分体积的比值为

1111(A

)(B

)(C)(D) 8765

(7)过三点A(1,3),B(4,2),C(1,-7)的圆交y轴于M,N两点,则|MN|=

(A) (B)8 (C) (D)10

(8)右边程序框图的算法思路源于我国古代数学名著

《九章算法》中德“更相减损术”,执行该程序框图,若

输入的a,b,分别为14,18,则输出的a=

(A)0

(B)2

(C)4

(D)14

(9)已知A,B是O的球面上两点,AOB90,C为该球面上的动点,若三棱锥O-ABC体积的最大值为36,则球O的表面积为

(A)36 (B)64 (C)144 (D)256

(10)如图,长方形ABCD的边AB=2,BC=1,O是AB的中点,点P沿着边BC,CD与DA运动,记BOPx。将动点P到A,B两点距离之和表示为x的函数f(x),则y=f(x)的图像大致为

(11)已知A,B为双曲线E的左,右顶点,点M在E上,ABM为等腰三角

形,且顶角为120,则E的离心率为

(A) (B)2 (C (D(12)设函数f’(x)是奇函数f(x)(xR)的导函数,f(-1)=0,当x>0时,xf’(x)-f(x)<0,则使得f(x)>0成立的x的取值范围是

1)(0,1)(B)(-1,0)(1,) (A)(,

1)(-1,0)(D)(0,1)(1,) (C)(,

第Ⅱ卷

本卷包括必考题和旋考题两部分。第13题~第21题为必考题,每个试题考生都必须做答。第22题~第24题为选考题,考生根据要求做答。

二、 填空题:本大题共4小题。每小题5分

(13)设向量a,b不平行,向量λa+b与a+2b平行,则实数λ=________.

xy10,(14)若x,y满足约束条件x2y0,则z=x+y的最大值为_________.

x2y20,

(15)(ax)(1x)4的展开式中x的奇数次幂项的系数之和为32,则a=_______.

(16)设Sn的数列an的前n项和,且an1SnSn+1,则Sn=_________.

三、解答题:解答应写出文字部分解题过程和演算步骤。

(17)(本小题满分12分)

ABC中,D是BC上的点,AD平分BAC,ABD面积是ADC面积的2倍, sinB(Ⅰ)求; sinC

(Ⅱ)若AD=1,

DC=,求BD和AC的长。 (18)(本小题满分12分)

某公司为了解用户对其产品的满意度,从A,B两地区分别随机调查了20个用户,得到用户对产品的满意度评分如下:

A地区:62 73 81 92 95 85 74 64 53 76

78 86 95 66 97 78 88 82 76 89

B地区:73 83 62 51 91 46 53 73 64 82

93 48 65 81 74 56 54 76 65 79

(Ⅰ)根据两组数据完成两地区用户满意度评分的茎叶图,并通过茎叶图比较两地区满意度评分的平绝值机分散成都(不要求计算出具体值,给出结论即可);

区用户的评价结果相互独立,根据所给的数据,以事件发生的频率作为相应事件发生的概率,求C的概率。

(19)(本小题满分12分)

如图,长方体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中,AB=16,BC=10,AA1=8,点E,F分别在A1B1,D1C1上,A1ED1F=4,过点E,F的平面与此长方体的面相交,交线围成一个正方体。

(Ⅰ)在途中画出这个正方形(不必说明画法和理由);

(Ⅱ)求直线AF与平面所成角的正弦值。

(21)(本小题满分12分)

设函数f(x)emxx2mx

0)单调递减,在(0,+)单调递增; (Ⅰ)证明:f(x)在(,

,,都有f(x1)-f(x2)e1,求m的取值范围。

(Ⅱ)若对于任意x1,x2[11]

请考生在第22、23、24题中任选一题做答,如果

多做,则按所做的第一题记分,做答时请写清题号。

(22)(本小题满分10分)选秀4-1:集合证明选就爱

那个

如图,O为等腰三角形ABC内一点,O与ABC的

底边BC交与点M,N两点,与底边上的高AD交与点

G,且与AB,AC分别相切于点E,F两点。

(Ⅰ)证明:EF//BC;

(Ⅱ)若AG等于O的半径,且AE

MN

EBCF的面积。

(23)(本小题满分10分)秀4-4:坐标系与参数方程

xtcos,在直角坐标系x0y中,曲线C1:(t为参数,t0),其中0.

ytsin,

,在意O为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴的极坐标系中,设曲线C2:2sin

C3:。

(Ⅰ)求C1与C2交点的直角坐标;

(Ⅱ)若C1与C2相交于点A,C1与C3相交于点B,求|AB|的最大值。

(24)(本小题满分10分)选秀4-5:不等式选讲

设a,b,c,d均为正数,且a+b=c+d,证明:

(Ⅰ)若ab>cd

|a-b|<|c-d|的充要条件。

2015新课标二卷高考数学(理)试题答案下载_2015高考答案抢先版 (答案及评分标准仅供参考)

2015年新课标全国卷2篇九:2015年全国新课标Ⅱ卷语文高考真题试卷和答案解析

2015年全国新课标Ⅱ卷语文高考真题试卷和答案解析(word版)

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

语文

注意事项:

1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(阅读题)和第Ⅱ卷(表达题)两部分。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、主考正好填写在答题卡上。

2. 作答时,将答案卸载答题卡上。卸载本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷 阅读题

甲 必考题

一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)

阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。

艺术品的接受在过去并不被看作是重要的美学问题,20世纪解释学兴起,一个名为“接受美学”的美学分支应运而生,于是研究艺术品的接受成为艺术美学中的显学。

过去,通常只是从艺术品的立场出发,将创作看作艺术家审美经验的结晶过程,作品完成就意味着创作完成。而从接受美学的角度来看,这一完成并不说明创作已经终结,它只说明创作的第一阶段告一段落,接下来是读者或观众、听众的再创作。由于未被阅读的作品的价值包括审美价值仅仅是一种可能的存在,只有通过阅读,它才转化为现实的存在,因此对作品的接受具有艺术本体的意义,也就是说,接受者也是艺术创作的主体之一.

艺术文本即作品对于接受者来说具有什么意义呢?接受美学的创始人、德国的伊瑟尔说艺术文本是一个“召唤结构”,因为文本有“空白”“空缺”“否定”三个要素。所谓“空白”是说它有一些东西没有表达出来,作者有意不写或不明写,要接受者用自己的生活经验与想象去补充;所谓“空缺”,是语言结构造成的各个图像间的空白,接受者在阅读文本时要把一个个句子表现的图像片断连接起来,整合成一个有机的图像系统;所谓“否定”指文本对接受者生活的现实具有否定的功能,它能引导接受者对现实进行反思和批判。由此可见,文本的召唤性需要接受者呼应和配合,完成艺术品的第二次创作。正如中国古典美学中的含蓄与简洁,其有限的文字常常引发出读者脑海中的丰富意象.

接受者作为主体,他对文本的接受不是被动的。海德格尔提出“前理解”,即理解前的心理文化结构,这种结构影响着理解。理解不可能是文本意义的重现,而只能是文本与“前理解”的统一。这样,文本与接受就呈现出一种相互作用的关系:一方面文本在相当程度上规定了接受者理解的范围、方向,让理解朝它的本义靠拢;另一方面,文 =本不可能将接受者完全制约住、规范住,接受者必然会按照自己的方式去理解作品,于是不可避免地就会出现误读或创造,从某种意义上说,理解就是误读,创造也是误读,不要希望所有的接受者都持同样的理解,也不要希望所有的理解都与艺术家的本旨一致.那样并不意味着艺术作品的成功。 文本一经产生就成为历史,它所表达的思想感情、所反映的生活,都只能是过去的, 而理解总是现在进行时。当我们接受历史上的艺术作品时,我们当然可以设身处地想象古人的生活,体验古人的思想感情,但我们毕竞是现代人,只能按照我们现在的心理文化结构去理解古人。当然,任何理解都只能是个体的理解,但个体毕竞是与群体相通的,所以个体的理解中也有普遍性。理解作为现实的行为具有通向实践的品格,艺术品正是通过理解走向现实,并在生活中发挥作用的,不是别的,正是理解擦亮了艺术品的生命之光。

(摘编自陈望衡(艺术是什么>)

1.下列关于原文内容的表述,不正确的一项是

A.在过去,艺术品的接受并不属于美学的研究范围,而当接受美学诞生以后,关于艺

术品的接受的研究就成为艺术美学中的一门显学。

B.在接受美学诞生以前,人们一股的认识是:整个创作过程就是艺术家的审美经验不断

结晶的过程,艺术品一旦形成,创作也就大功告成。

C.接受美学认为,艺术品在艺术家手中产生出来,这只是艺术创作的第一阶段,读者、

观众、听众对艺术品的接受是艺术创作的继续。

D.通过读者、观众和听众的接受,艺术作品的价值才从一种可能的存在转化为现实的存

在,从这个意义上说,接受也属于艺术创作的一部分。

2.下列理解和分析,不符合原文意思的一项是

A.文本之所以是一个“召唤结构”,一个原因就是它有一些内容有意不写或不明写, 需

要接受者用自己的生活经验与想象去补充。

B.文本的“否定”要素具有对接受者所生活的现实加以否定的功能,这种功能是通过接

受者接受文本并对现实进行反思和批判而实现的。

C.“前理解”是接受者在理解文本以前的心理文化结构,由于接受者对文本的接受不是

被动的,所以这种结构会影响接受者对文本的理解。

D.作品被艺术家创作出来以后就成为历史,作品是通过接受者的理解而存活于现实,并

发挥作用的。从这个意义上说,作品的生命力存在于理解之中。

3.根据原文内容,下列理解和分析不正确的一项是

A.中国古典美学中强调的含蓄和简洁可以说是艺术作品召唤性的体现,含蓄的美在于从有限中表现无限,简洁的美在于以少胜多,以简驭繁。

B.理解就是误读,创造也是误读,理解距离艺术作品的本义越远,就越是具有创造性,正如《西厢记》之于《莺莺传》、《金瓶梅》之于《水浒传》。

C.文在一定程度上规定了接受者理解的范围和方向,所以即使我们今天阅读历史上的艺术作品,也可以在相当程度上了解古人的生活,体验古人的思想感情。

D.作为接受者的个体毕竟生活在群体之中,其思维和观念与群体是相通的,因此接受者们对于同一文本的理解即使千姿百态,也不可能完全没有同—性。

二、古代诗文阅读(36分)

(一)文言文阅读(19分)

阅读下面的文言文,完成4〜7题。

来护儿,字崇善,未识而孤,养于世母吴氏。吴氏提携鞠养,甚有慈训,幼而卓荦,初读《诗》,舍书叹曰:“大丈夫在世,会为国灭贼以取功名!”群辈惊其言而壮其志气。及长、雄略秀出,志气英远。会周师定淮南所住白土村地居疆場数见军旅护儿常慨然有立功名之志及开皇初,宇文忻等镇广陵,平陈之役,护儿有功焉,进位上开府,赏物一千段。仁寿初,迁瀛州刺史,以善政闻,频见劳勉。炀帝嗣位,被追入朝,百姓攀恋,累日不能出境,诣阙上书致请者,前后数百人。帝谓曰:“昔国步未康,卿为名将,今天下无事,又为良二千石,可谓兼美矣。”大业六年,车驾幸江都,谓护儿曰:“衣锦昼游,古人所重,卿今是也。”乃赐物二千段,并牛酒,令谒先人墓,宴乡里父老。仍令三品已上并集其宅,酣饮尽日,朝野荣之。十二年,驾幸江都,护儿谏曰:“陛下兴军旅,百姓易咨怨,车驾游幸,深恐非宜。伏愿驻驾洛阳,与时休息,出师命将,扫清群丑,上禀圣算,指日克除。陛下今幸江都,是臣衣锦之地,臣荷恩深重,不敢专为身谋。”帝闻之,厉色而起,数日不得见。后怒解,方被引入,谓曰:“公意乃尔,朕复何望!”护儿因不敢言。寻代宇文述为左翊卫大将军。及宇文化及构逆,深忌之。是日旦将朝,见执。护儿曰:“陛下今何在?”左右曰:“今被执矣。”

护儿叹曰:“吾备位大臣,荷国重任,不能肃清凶逆,遂令王室至此,抱恨泉壤,知复何言!”乃遇害。护儿重然诺,敦交契,廉于财利,不事产业。至于行军用兵,特多谋算,每览兵法,曰:“此亦岂异人意也!”善抚士卒,部分严明,故咸得其死力。

(节选自《北史*来护儿传》)

4.下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句正确的一项是(3分)

A.会周师定淮南所/住白土村/地居疆埸/数见军旅护儿/常慨然有立功名之志/及开皇初/宇

文忻等镇广陵/平陈之役/护儿有功焉/

B.会周师定淮南所/住白土村/地居疆埸/数见军旅/护儿常慨然有立功名之志/及开皇初/宇

文忻等镇广陵/平陈之役/护儿有功焉/

C.会周师定淮南/所住白土村/地居疆埸/数见军旅护儿/常慨然有立功名之志/及开呈初/宇文忻等镇广陵/平陈之役护儿有功/

D.会周师定淮南/所住白土村/地居疆埸/数见军旅/护儿常慨然有立功名之志/及开皇初/宇

文忻等镇广陵/平陈之役/护儿有功焉/

5.下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说,不正确的一项是(3分)

A.古代男子有名有字,名是出生后不久父亲起的,字是二十岁举行冠礼才起的。

B.谥号是古代帝王、大臣等死后,据其生平事迹评定的称号,如武帝、哀帝、炀帝。

C.嗣位指继承君位,我囯封建王朝通常实行长子继承制,君位由最年长的儿子集成。

D.阙是宫门两侧的高台,又可借指宫廷:“诣阙”既可指赴朝廷,又可指赴京都。

6.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的—项是(3分)

A.来护儿少有大志,成年后秀拔于群,他自幼而孤,得到吴氏教诲,立下为国杀敌、 求

取功名的志向;长大以后,更是雄略超群,志气英发。

B.来护儿推行善政,深受百姓拥戴。在瀛洲刺史任上,他声名远闻,屡受嘉奖:炀帝时,

百姓舍不得他回朝廷任职,上书请思者达数百人。

C.来护儿直言劝谏,后被奸人杀客。他谏请炀帝停驾洛阳,不再远游江都,引发炀帝大

怒,以致宇文化及杀害他时,炀帝也没有设法保护。

D.来护儿廉于财利,用兵极有谋略。他信守承诺,注重友情.轻视钱财,不置产业: 善

待士卒,处事严明,谋略多合兵法,部属争相尽力。

7.把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语.(10分)

(1)陛下兴军旅,百姓易咨怨。车驾游幸,深恐非宜。

(2)不能肃淸凶逆,遂令王室至此,抱恨泉壤,知复何言!

(二)古代诗歌阅读(11分)

阅读下面这首唐诗.完成8~9题.

残春旅舍 韩偓 旅舍残春宿雨晴,恍然心地忆咸京。

树头蜂抱花须落, 池面鱼吹柳絮行。

禅伏诗魔归净域,酒冲愁阵出奇兵。

两梁免被尘埃污,拂拭朝簪待眼明。

[注]①韩偓(约842~923):字致尧,京兆万年(今陕西西安) 人。这首诗是作者流徙闽地时所作。②咸京:这里侑指都城长安。③梁:官帽上的横脊,古代以梁的多少区分官阶。④朝簪: 朝廷官员的冠饰。

8.古人认为这首诗的颔联“乃晚唐巧句”,请指出这一联巧在嗶里,并简要赏析。(5分)

9.这首诗的后两联表达了作者什么样的感情?请简要分析。(6分)

(三)名篇名句默写(6分)

10.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。(6分)

’(1)《庄子•逍遥游》指出,“________ ,________”,就像倒在堂前洼地的一杯水,

无法浮起一个杯子一样。.

(2)白居易《琵琶行》中“________ ,________”两句,写的是演奏政开始之前的准

备过程。

(3)杜牧《赤壁》中“________ ,________”两句,设想了赤壁之战双方胜败易位后

将导致的结局。

乙选考题

请考生在第三、四两大题中选定其中一大题作答,注意:作答时必须用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选大题题号后的方框涂黑。只能做所选定大题内的小题,不得选做另一 题内的小题。如果多做,则按所做的第一大题计分。

三.文学类文本阅读(25分)

11•阅读下面的文字,完成(丨)~ (4)题•(25分)

塾师老汪

老汪在开封上过七年学,也算有学问了,老汪瘦,留个分头,穿上长衫,像个读书人;但老汪嘴笨,又有些结巴,并不适合教书,也许他肚子里有东西,但像茶壶里煮饺子,倒不出来。头几年教私塾,每到一家,教不到三个月,就被人辞退了。

人问:“老汪,你有学问吗?”

老汪红着脸:“拿纸笔来,我给你做一篇述论。”

人:“有,咋说不出来呢?”

老汪叹息:“我跟你说不清楚,躁人之辞多,吉人之辞寡”

但不管辞之多寡,学堂上《论语》中“四海困穷,天禄永终”一句,哪有翻来覆去讲十天还讲不清楚的道理?自己讲不清楚,动不动还跟学生急:“啥叫朽木不可雕呢? 圣人指的就是你们。”

四处流落七八年,老汪终于在镇上落下了脚。

老汪的私塾,设在东家老范的牛屋。老汪亲题了一块匾,“种桃书屋”,挂在牛屋的门楣上。老范自家设私整,允许别家孩子来随听,不用交束脩,自带干粮就行了。十里八乡,便有许多孩子来随听,由于老汪讲文讲不清楚,徒儿们十有八个与他作对,何况十有八个本也没想听学,只是借此躲开家中活计,图个安选罢了。但老汪是个认真的人,便平添了许多烦恼,往往讲着讲着就不讲了,说:“我讲你们也不懂。”

如讲到“有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎”,徒儿们以为远道来了朋友,孔子高兴,而老汪说高兴个啥呀,恰恰是圣人伤了心,如果身边有朋友,心里的话都说完了,远道来个人,不是添堵吗?恰恰是身边没朋友,才把这个远道来的人当朋友呢:这个远道来的人,是不是朋友,还两说着呢;只不过措着这话儿,拐着弯骂人罢了。徒儿们都说孔子不是东西。老汪一个人伤心地流下了眼泪。

老汪教学之余,有个癖好,每月两次,阴历十五和三十,中午时分,爱一个人四处乱走。拽开大步,一路走去,见人也不打招呼。有时顺着大路,有时在野地里。夏天走出一头汗,冬天也走出一头汗。大家一开始觉得他是乱走,但月月如此,年年如此,也就不是乱走了。.十五或三十,偶尔刮大风下大雨不能走了,老汪会被憋得满头青筋。一天中午,东家老范从各村起租子回来,老汪身披褂子正要出门,两人在门口碰上了。老范想起今天是阴历十五,便拦住老汪问:“老汪,这一年一年的,到底走个啥呢?”

老汪:“东家,没法给你说,说也说不清。”

这年端午节,老范招待老汪吃饭,吃着吃着,又说到走上,老汪喝多了,趴到桌脚上哭

着说:“总想一个人,半个月积得憋得慌,走走散散,也就好了。”

这下老范明白了:“怕不是你爹吧,当年供你上学不容易。”.

汪哭着摇头:“不会是他。”

老范:“如果是活着的人,想谁,找谁一趟不就完了?”

老汪摇头:“找不得,找不得,当年就是因为个找,我差点去了命。”

老范心里一惊,不再问了,只是说:” “大中午的,野地里不干净,别碰着无常。

老汪摇头:“缘渓行,忘路之远近。”

又说:“碰到无常也不怕,他要让我走,我就跟他走了。”

老汪的老婆叫银瓶。银瓶不识字,但跟老汪一起张罗私墊。老汪嘴笨,银瓶嘴却能说。但她说的不是学堂的事,尽是些东邻西舍的闲话。嘴像刮风似的,想起什么说什么。人劝老汪:“老汪,你是有学问的人,你老婆那个嘴,你也劝劝。”

老汪一声叹息:“一个人说正经话,说得不对可以劝他;一个人胡言乳语,何劝之 有?“

银瓶除了嘴能说,还爱占人便宜,不占便宜就觉得吃亏。逛一趟集市,买人几棵葱,非拿人两头蒜;买人二尺布,非搭两绺线。夏秋两季,爱到地里拾庄稼,碰到谁家还没收的庄稼,也顺手牵羊捋上两把。从学堂出南门离东家老范的地亩最近,所以捋拿老范的庄嫁最多。一次老范到后院牲口棚看牲口,管家老季跟了过来:“东家,把老汪辞了吧。“

老范:“为啥?“

老季:“老汪教书,娃儿们都听不懂。”

老范:“不僅才教,懂还教个啥?”

老季:“不为老汪。”

老范:“为啥?”

老季:“为他老婆,爱偷庄稼,是个贼。”

老范挥择手:“娘们儿家。”

又说:“贼就贼吧,我五十顷地,还养不起一个贼?”

这话被喂牲口的老宋听到了。老宋也有一个娃跟着老汪学《论语》,老宋便把这话又学给了老汪。没想到老汪潸然泪下:“啥叫有朋自远方来?这就叫有朋自远方来。”

(选自刘霣云 <一句顶一万句有删改)

(1)下列对本文相关内容和艺术特色的分析和鉴赏,最恰当的两项是(5分)

A. 本文擅长以经典文句的使用来表现人物性格。如老汪翻来覆去讲不清楚“四海困穷,

天禄永终”,就说明了作为乡村塾师的他迂腐无能。

B. 文中老汪毎月两次的“乱走”令人备感困惑,直到端午节老汪酒后吐真言。暴露内

心秘密,说出“总想一个人”时,才真相大白。

C. 本文在人物关系的参照之中塑造老汪的形象。如他对学生、银瓶及老范等不同的人

就有不同的言谈、态度,很好地表现了他的个性。

D. 本文以白话口语为主,又掺入了方言和文言,读来别有风味。同时,这样的语言既

契合老汪的身份和生活环境,也暗合他的尴尬处境。

E. 本文虽只是选段,但故事情节相对完整,作者以简约沉稳的白描手法,生动地塑造了人物群像,展开了一幅北方村镇的风俗画卷。

(2)东家老范是一个什么样的人?请结合全文简要分析。(6分〉

(3)老汪对《论语》中“有朋自远方来”一句的独特理解,其实源于自身人际关系的体验,

请结合全文简要分析。(6分)

(4)老汪这一形象与鲁迅笔下的孔乙己在性情气质上有不少相似之处,但二人精神困境的

根源实则不同,请简要分析这种相似与不同。(8分)

2015年新课标全国卷2篇十:2015年高考全国新课标2卷理综试题

绝密★启封并使用完毕前

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

理科综合能力测试

本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,共40题,共300分,共16页。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项:1.答题前,现将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔记清楚。

3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无线;再猜告知、试题卷上

答题无效。。

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

可能用到的相对原子质量:H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 F 19 Na 23 AI 27 P 31 S 32 CL 35.5 Ca 40 Fe 56

Zn 65 Br 80

第I卷

一、 选择题:本题共13小题,每小题6分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题

目要求的 1、 将三组生理状态相通的某种植物幼根分别培养在含有相同培养液的密闭培养瓶下,一段时间后,测定根吸收某一矿质元素离子的量。培养条件及实验结果见下表:

下列分析正确的是

A. 有氧条件有利于该植物幼根对该离子的吸收 B. 该植物幼根对该离子的吸收与温度的变化无关 C. 氮气环境中该植物幼根细胞吸收该离子不消耗ATP D. 与空气相比,氮气环境有利于该植物幼根对该离子的吸收

2、 端粒酶由RNA和蛋白质组成,该酶能结合到端粒子上,以自身的RNA为模板合成端粒子DNA的一条链。下列叙述正确的是 A. 大肠杆菌拟核的DNA中含有端粒 B. 端粒酶中的蛋白质为RNA聚合酶

C. 正常人细胞的每条染色体两端都含有端粒DNA D. 正常体细胞的端粒DNA随细胞分裂次数增加而变长

3.下列过程中不属于胞吐作用的是 A.浆细胞分泌抗体到细胞外的作用 B. mRNA从细胞核到细胞质的过程

C.分泌蛋白从胰腺的腺泡细胞到胞外的过程 D.突触小泡中的神经递质释放到突触间隙的过程 4.下列有关生态系统的叙述,错误的是 ..A.生态系统的组成成分中含有非生物成分 B.生态系统相对稳定时无能量输入和散失 C.生态系统持续相对稳定离不开信息传递 D.负反馈调节有利于生态系统保持相对稳定 5.下列与病原体有关的叙述,正确的是

A.抗体可以进入细胞消灭寄生在其中的结核杆菌 B.抗体抵抗病毒的机制与溶菌酶杀灭细菌的机制相同 C. Rous肉瘤病毒不是致瘤因子,与人的细胞癌变无关 D.人感染HIV后的症状与体内该病毒浓度和T细胞数量有关 6.下列关于人类猫叫综合征的叙述,正确的是 A.该病是由于特定的染色体片段缺失造成的 B.该病是由于特定染色体的数目增加造成的 C.该病是由于染色体组数目成倍增加选成的 D.该病是由于染色体中增加某一片段引起的

7.食品千操剂应无毒、无味、无腐蚀性及环境友好。下列说法错误的是 ..A.硅胶可用作食品干操剂 B.P2O5不可用作食品干操剂 C.六水氯化钙可用作食品干燥剂

C.加工后具有吸水性的植物纤维可用作食品干燥剂

8.某羧酸酯的分子式为C18H26O5,1mo该酯完全水解可得到1mol羧酸和2mol乙醇,该羧酸的分子式为

A.C14H18O5 B.C14H16O4 C.C16H22O5 D.C16H20O5

9.原子序数依次增大的元素a、b、c、d,它们的最外层电子数分别为1、6、7、1。a-的电子层结构与氦相同,b和c的次外层有8个电子,c-和d+的电子层结构相同。下列叙述错误的是 ..A.元素的非金属性次序为c>b>a B.a和其他3种元素均能形成共价化合物 C.d和其他3种元素均能形成离子化合物

D.元素a、b、c各自最高和最低化合价的代数和分别为0、4、6 10.

代表阿伏加德罗常熟的值。下列叙述正确的是 A.

丙醇中存在的共价键总数为10

的NaHC

溶液中HC

和C

的离子数之和为0.1

B.1L 0.1mol-

C.钠在空气中燃烧可生成多种氧化物。23g钠充分燃烧时转移电子数为1

D.235g核素11.分子式为

发生裂变反应:并能饱和NaHC

+++10,净产生的中子()数为10

,溶液反应放出气体的有机物有(不含立体结构)

A.3种 A.4种 A.5种 A.6种

12. 海水开发利用的部分过程如图所示。下列说法错误的是

A.向苦卤中通入C

是为了提取溴

B.粗盐可采用除杂和重结晶等过程提纯 C.工业生产中常选用NaOH作为沉淀剂

D.富集溴一般先用空气和水蒸气吹出单质溴,在用

将其还原吸收

13.用右图所示装置进行下列实验:将

①中溶液滴入②中,预测的现象与实际相符的是

二、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题6分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,第14~17题只有一项符

合题目要求,第18~21题有多项符合题目要求。全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。

14.如图,两平行的带电金属板水平放置。若在两板中间a点从静止释放一带电微粒,微粒恰好保

持静止状态。现将两板绕过a点的轴(垂直于纸面)逆时针旋转45°,再由a点从静止释放一同样的微粒,改微粒将

A.保持静止状态 B.向左上方做匀加速运动 C.向正下方做匀加速运动

15.如图,直角三角形金属框abc放置在匀强磁场中,磁感应强度大小为B,方向平行于ab边向上。当金属框绕ab边以角速度w逆时针转动时,a、b、c三点的电势分别为Ua、Ub、Uc.已知bc边的长度为l。下列判断正确的是

D.向左下方做匀加速运动

A.Ua> Uc,金属框中无电流

B. Ub >Uc,金属框中电流方向沿a-b-c-a C .Ubc=-1/2Bl²w,金属框中无电流

D. Ubc=1/2Bl²w,金属框中电流方向沿a-c-b-a

16.由于卫星的发射场不在赤道上,同步卫星发射后需要从转移轨道经过调整再进入地球同步轨道。当卫星在转移轨道上飞经赤道上空时,发动机点火,给卫星一附加速度,使卫星沿同步轨道运行。已知同步卫星的环绕速度约为3.1x103/s,某次发射卫星飞经赤道上空时的速度为1.55x103/s,此时卫星的高度与同步轨道的高度相同,转移轨道和同步轨道的夹角为30°,如图

所示,发动机给卫星的附加速度的方向和大小约为

A. 西偏北方向,1.9x103m/s B. 东偏南方向,1.9x103m/s C. 西偏北方向,2.7x103m/s D. 东偏南方向,2.7x103m/s

17.一汽车在平直公路上行驶。从某时刻开始计时,发动机的功率P随时间t的变化如图所示。假定汽车所受阻力的大小f恒定不变。下列描述该汽车的速度v随时间t变化的图像中,可能正确

的是

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